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控制子图标题和子图位置

tag-icon • tag-icon graphics subfloats subcaption subfig
控制子图标题和子图位置

下面的代码

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx, caption, subcaption}
\begin{document}
  This article is about geometrical figures.
  \begin{figure}[h]
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.4\textwidth}
      \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{image1_example}
      \caption{The rectangle is a complicated geometrical figure that has 4 edges and 4 vertices while a star is an even more complex geometrical figure}
    \end{subfigure}
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.4\textwidth}
      \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{image2_example}
      \caption{A simple circle and a spiral}
    \end{subfigure}
    \caption{Geometrical figures}
  \end{figure}
\end{document}

产生以下输出

在此处输入图片描述

  1. 子图 a) 的更详细标题导致两个子图的位置不对称。

  2. 如果两个子图之间有更多的水平空间，那就更好了。

是否可以控制这些功能？

答案1

环境的可选参数subfigure提供了子标题的位置锚。这用于垂直对齐子标题。以下是视觉效果：

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{graphicx,subcaption}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \texttt{subfigure} with \texttt{[t]}op alignment

  \medskip

  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-c}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

  \bigskip\hrulefill\bigskip

  \texttt{subfigure} with \texttt{[c]}entre alignment (default)

  \medskip

  \begin{subfigure}{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}
  \begin{subfigure}{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}
  \begin{subfigure}{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-c}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

  \bigskip\hrulefill\bigskip

  \texttt{subfigure} with \texttt{[b]}ottom alignment

  \medskip

  \begin{subfigure}[b]{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}
  \begin{subfigure}[b]{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}
  \begin{subfigure}[b]{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-c}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

因此我会使用[t]op 对齐。此外，您还可以使用多种选项来展开这些数字。

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{graphicx,subcaption}
\usepackage[margin=1cm,showframe]{geometry}% Just for this example

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}
  \centering

  Fixed separation using \verb|\quad| (or \verb|\qquad|, or \verb|\hspace|)

  \medskip

  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}\quad
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

  \bigskip\hrulefill\bigskip

  Even spread via \verb|\hfill|

  \medskip

  \mbox{}\hfill  
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}\hfill
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}
  \hfill\mbox{}

  \bigskip\hrulefill\bigskip

  Full spread via \verb|\hfill|

  \medskip

  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}\hfill
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

\end{figure}

\end{document}

如果您的图片有不同的垂直高度，并且您也想对齐它们，则可以将内容提升到位；图像的默认对齐方式是在基线：

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{graphicx,subcaption}
\newsavebox{\imagebox}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}
  \centering

  Default

  \medskip

  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth,height=75pt]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}\qquad
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth,height=5pc]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

  \bigskip\hrulefill\bigskip

  \verb|\raisebox| to vertical top

  \medskip

  % Store largest image in a box
  \savebox{\imagebox}{\includegraphics[width=.2\linewidth,height=75pt]{example-image-a}}%
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\usebox{\imagebox}% Place largest image
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}\qquad
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\raisebox{\dimexpr\ht\imagebox-\height}{% Raise smaller image into place
      \includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth,height=5pc]{example-image-b}}%
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

  \bigskip\hrulefill\bigskip

  \verb|\raisebox| to vertical centre

  \medskip

  % Store largest image in a box
  \savebox{\imagebox}{\includegraphics[width=.2\linewidth,height=75pt]{example-image-a}}%
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\usebox{\imagebox}% Place largest image
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}\qquad
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\raisebox{\dimexpr.5\ht\imagebox-.5\height}{% Raise smaller image into place
      \includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth,height=5pc]{example-image-b}}%
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

\end{figure}

\end{document}

答案2

  • 使用subfigure选项[t]代替[b]。

  • 要在图形之间添加一些水平空间，请在环境之间放置\quad、\qquad或\hfill一些\hspace命令subfigure。

。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx, caption, subcaption}
\begin{document}
  This article is about geometrical figures.
  \begin{figure}
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.4\textwidth}
      \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{example-image-a}
      \caption{The rectangle is a complicated geometrical figure that has 4 edges and 4 vertices while a star is an even more complex geometrical figure}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.35\textwidth}
      \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{example-image-b}
      \caption{A simple circle and a spiral}
    \end{subfigure}
    \caption{Geometrical figures}
  \end{figure}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

使用包

\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{subfigure}
\usepackage{subfloat}
\usepackage{float}

然后像这样编码：

 \begin{figure*}[ht!]
        \centering
            \subfigure[] 
            {
                \label{subfig:lab1}
                \includegraphics[width=.3\textwidth]{figures/1.pdf} % .png .jpg ... according to supported graphics files
            } 
            %
            \subfigure[] 
            {
                \label{subfig:lab2}
                \includegraphics[width=.3\textwidth]{figures/2.pdf} % .png .jpg ... according to supported graphics files
            }
            %
            \subfigure[] 
            {
                \label{subfig:lab3}
                \includegraphics[width=.3\textwidth]{figures/3.pdf} % .png .jpg ... according to supported graphics files
            }\\ % for new row or line of subfigures
            %
            \subfigure[Caption 4] 
            {
                \label{subfig:lab4}
                \includegraphics[width=.3\textwidth]{figures/4.pdf} % .png .jpg ... according to supported graphics files
            }
            %
            \subfigure[Caption 5] 
            {
                \label{subfig:lab6}
                \includegraphics[width=.3\textwidth]{figures/5.pdf} % .png .jpg ... according to supported graphics files
            }
            %
            \subfigure[Caption 6] 
            {
                \label{subfig:lab6}
                \includegraphics[width=.3\textwidth]{figures/6.pdf} % .png .jpg ... according to supported graphics files 
            }
            %
        \caption{Figure Caption}
        \label{fig:Figure ref}
        \end{figure*}

它将为您提供： 在此处输入图片描述

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