☰

UNIX下如何删除一个文件夹中超过60天的文件？

tag-icon • tag-icon shell-script files rm timestamps
UNIX下如何删除一个文件夹中超过60天的文件？

我知道如何删除修改时间超过 60 天的文件，但我想根据文件名中的时间戳删除文件。

例如，我每月每天都有以下文件，并且我有过去 3 年的这些文件。

vtm_data_12month_20140301.txt
vtm_data_12month_20140301.control
vtm_mtd_20130622.txt
vtm_mtd_20130622.control
vtm_ytd_20131031.txt
vtm_ytd_20131031.control

我想编写一个脚本，查找超过 60 天的所有文件（基于文件名），然后删除除每月最后一个文件之外的所有文件。例如，在一月份我想删除除 之外的所有内容vtm_data_12month_20140131.txt。这里的问题是我可能会收到 1 月 30 日的文件，因此在这种情况下我不应该删除最新的文件，但我必须删除其余的文件。

请告诉我如何通过 shell 脚本实现这一点？

答案1

好的，我重新编写了这个脚本，通过向后排序，它看起来应该可以工作。它将年份和月份与前一个进行比较，如果较低，则应该是该月的最后一个条目。

#!/bin/bash

#the tac reverses the listing, so we go from newest to oldest, vital for our logic below
FILES=`ls | tac`

#create a cutoff date by taking current date minus our 60 day limit
CUTOFFDATE=`date --date="60 days ago" +%Y%m%d`

#we are setting this value to month 13 of the current year 
LASTYEARMONTH=`date +%Y`13

for file in $FILES; do

    #get datestamp
    FILEDATE=`expr match "$file" '.*\(20[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]\)'`

    #get year and month, ie 201410
    THISYEARMONTH=${FILEDATE:0:6}

    if [ ! -z $FILEDATE ] && [ $THISYEARMONTH -lt $LASTYEARMONTH ]; then

            echo "$file IS THE LAST FILE OF THE MONTH. NOT DELETING"

    else

            #now we see if the file is older than 60 days (ie, has a LOWER unix timestamp than our cutoff)
            if [ ! -z $FILEDATE ] && [ $FILEDATE -lt $CUTOFFDATE ]; then

                    echo "$file has a file date of $FILEDATE which is older than 60 days."

                    #uncomment this next line to remove
                    #rm $file
            fi
    fi
    LASTYEARMONTH=$THISYEARMONTH
done

答案2

以下代码不保留每个月的最后一个文件。

#! /bin/bash

cmp_timestamp=$(date --date="60 days ago" +%Y%m%d)

while read filename; do
        [[ $filename =~ _(20[0-9][0-9][01][0-9][0123][0-9])\. ]]
        timestamp=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
        printf "%-40s : %s\n" "$filename" "${timestamp}" 
        if [ "$timestamp" -lt "$cmp_timestamp" ]; then
                echo "   delete this file"
                : rm "$filename"
        else
                echo "   DO NOT delete this file"
        fi
        echo
done <file

从man bash：

BASH_REMATCH
An array variable whose members are assigned by the =~ binary operator to
the [[ conditional command.  The element with index 0 is the portion of the
string  matching  the entire regular expression.  The element with index n
is the portion of the string matching the nth parenthesized subexpression.
This variable is read-only.

答案3

你可以在 while 循环中尝试这个：

#!/bin/bash
A=vtm_data_12month_20140301.txt
B=`ls vtm_data_12month_20140301.txt  | awk -F "_" '{print $4}' | awk -F "." '{print $1}'`
C=`date --date="60 days ago" +%Y%m%d`
if [ "$B" <  "$C" ]
then
   rm -fr $A
else
   echo "$A is not older"
fi

答案4

下面的 python 脚本完成这项工作，可以使用变量配置应删除文件的天数days。

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import os
import re
import datetime

days=60

delta = datetime.date.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=days)
files = [ x for x in os.listdir() if re.search('_\d{8}\.', x)]

for file in files:
    date = re.search('_(\d{8})\.', file).group(1)
    if datetime.datetime.strptime(date, '%Y%m%d').date() <= delta:
        print('Removing file: ',file)
        os.remove(file)

输出：

$ ./remove.py 
Removing file:  vtm_data_12month_20140301.txt
Removing file:  vtm_mtd_20130622.control
Removing file:  vtm_data_12month_20140301.control
Removing file:  vtm_mtd_20130622.txt
Removing file:  vtm_ytd_20131031.txt
Removing file:  vtm_ytd_20131031.control

相关内容