我有一个文档，其中包含本质上相同的图像的多个变体，并且使用这个问题和答案，我能够使事情简化很多。
当我画画的时候我通常使用许多坐标有助于将各个部分连接在一起。我刚刚注意到，节点内指定的坐标似乎可以在节点外部访问，这对我的绘图风格非常有帮助，但我不知道这是 TikZ 的预期功能，还是一个有用的技巧，但会带来难以调试的麻烦。我真的希望是前者，因为这种技术使绘图变得非常简单。
这是一个平均能量损失来说明我的意思。我删除了所有不需要的包和代码，但绘图本身仍然相当复杂，因为我想说明图片中命名节点的数量和坐标，无论将其放置在何处都可以访问（前提是没有名称冲突）。
\RequirePackage{luatex85}
\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\usepgflibrary{arrows.meta}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\sisetup{detect-all, per-mode=symbol}
\DeclareSIPostPower\fourth{4}
\tikzset{%
% End view, "real" x-axis points directly out of page. Projects end view of
% view top left/right systems
view end yz/.style={
x={(0cm,1cm)}, % Simulated y-axis (actually x-axis)
y={(1cm,0cm)}, % Simulated z-axis (actually y-axis)
},
dim edge/.style={densely dashed, line width=0.5pt, shorten >= -2.5mm, color=black!75!white},
dim length/.style={draw, line width=0.5pt, arrows={Stealth-Stealth}, every node/.style={anchor=mid, midway, fill=white, node font=\footnotesize, inner sep=1pt},
},
}
\begin{document}
\pgfkeys{/tikz/.cd,
cross section/.pic={
\path
(0.1, 0) coordinate (bottom-left)
-- ++(0, 1.5) coordinate (bottom-right)
-- ++(1.5, 0) coordinate (top-right)
-- ++(0, -1.5) coordinate (top-left)
-- cycle;
\fill[draw]
(top-left)
-- (top-right)
-- ++(0.1, 0) coordinate (flange-top-right)
-- ($(top-left) + (0.1, 0)$) coordinate (flange-top-left)
-- (top-left)
-- cycle
(bottom-left)
-- ++(-0.1, 0) coordinate (flange-bottom-left)
-- ++(0, 0.5) coordinate (flange-bottom-inner-left)
-- ++(0.1, 0) coordinate (flange-top-inner-left)
-- cycle
(bottom-right)
-- ++(-0.1, 0) coordinate (flange-bottom-right)
-- ++(0, -0.5) coordinate (flange-bottom-inner-right)
-- ++(0.1, 0) coordinate (flange-top-inner-right)
-- cycle;
\fill[draw]
($(bottom-left)!0.5!(flange-top-inner-left) - (0, 0.03)$) coordinate (left-web-bottom-left)
-- ($(bottom-left)!0.5!(flange-top-inner-left) + (1.5, -0.03)$) coordinate (left-web-top-left)
-- ($(bottom-left)!0.5!(flange-top-inner-left) + (1.5, 0.03)$) coordinate (left-web-top-right)
-- ($(bottom-left)!0.5!(flange-top-inner-left) + (0, 0.03)$) coordinate (left-web-bottom-right)
-- cycle
($(bottom-right)!0.5!(flange-top-inner-right) - (0, 0.03)$) coordinate (right-web-bottom-left)
-- ($(bottom-right)!0.5!(flange-top-inner-right) + (1.5, -0.03)$) coordinate (right-web-top-left)
-- ($(bottom-right)!0.5!(flange-top-inner-right) + (1.5, 0.03)$) coordinate (right-web-top-right)
-- ($(bottom-right)!0.5!(flange-top-inner-right) + (0, 0.03)$) coordinate (right-web-bottom-right)
-- cycle;
}
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}[view end yz, name prefix=end-]
\fill[blue!60!white, draw=blue]
(0.1, 0) coordinate (bottom-left)
-- ++(0, 1.5) coordinate (bottom-right)
-- ++(1.5, 0) coordinate (top-right)
-- ++(0, -1.5) coordinate (top-left)
-- cycle;
\pic[fill=blue!40!white, draw=blue] at (0, 0){cross section};
\draw[dim edge] (flange-bottom-left) -- ++(-0.25, 0) coordinate (dim-left-flange-left);
\draw[dim edge] (flange-bottom-inner-left) -- ++(-0.25, 0) coordinate (dim-left-flange-inner);
\draw[dim edge] (flange-bottom-inner-right) -- ++(-0.25, 0) coordinate (dim-right-flange-inner);
\draw[dim edge] (flange-bottom-right) -- ++(-0.25, 0) coordinate (dim-right-flange-right);
\draw[dim edge] (flange-top-left) -- ++(0.25, 0) coordinate (dim-top-flange-left);
\draw[dim edge] (flange-top-right) -- ++(0.25, 0) coordinate (dim-top-flange-right);
\draw[dim length] (dim-left-flange-left) -- (dim-left-flange-inner) node[below=0.1] {\SI{25}{\mm}};
\draw[dim length] (dim-right-flange-right) -- (dim-right-flange-inner) node[below=0.1] {\SI{25}{\mm}};
\draw[dim length] (dim-top-flange-left) -- (dim-top-flange-right) node[above=0.1] {\SI{75}{\mm}};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=2cm, view end yz, name prefix=centre-]
\pic[fill=blue!40!white, draw=blue] at (0, 0){cross section};
\draw[dim edge] ($(left-web-bottom-left) - (0.1, 0)$) -- ++(-0.5, 0) coordinate (dim-left-web-left);
\draw[dim edge] ($(left-web-bottom-right) - (0.1, 0)$) -- ++(-0.5, 0) coordinate (dim-left-web-right);
\draw[dim edge] ($(right-web-bottom-left) - (0.1, 0)$) -- ++(-0.5, 0) coordinate (dim-right-web-left);
\draw[dim edge] ($(right-web-bottom-right) - (0.1, 0)$) -- ++(-0.5, 0) coordinate (dim-right-web-right);
\draw[dim length, arrows={Stealth-}] (dim-left-web-left) -- ++(0, -0.25);
\draw[dim length, arrows={Stealth-}] (dim-right-web-right) -- ++(0, 0.25);
\draw[dim length] (dim-left-web-right) -- (dim-right-web-left) node[above=0.1] {\SI{47}{\mm}};
\draw[dim length, draw=none] (dim-left-web-left) -- (dim-left-web-right) node[below=0.1] {\SI{3}{\mm}};
\draw[dim length, draw=none] (dim-right-web-left) -- (dim-right-web-right) node[below=0.1] {\SI{3}{\mm}};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[yshift=3cm, view end yz, transform shape, scale=2, name prefix=big-]
\fill[red!60!white, draw=red]
(0.1, 0) coordinate (bottom-left)
-- ++(0, 1.5) coordinate (bottom-right)
-- ++(1.5, 0) coordinate (top-right)
-- ++(0, -1.5) coordinate (top-left)
-- cycle;
\pic[fill=red!40!white, draw=red] at (0, 0){cross section};
\end{scope}
\draw[dim edge] (big-flange-bottom-left) -- ++(-0.25, 0) coordinate (dim-flange-bottom-left);
\draw[dim edge] (big-bottom-left) -- ++(-0.25, 0) coordinate (dim-web-bottom);
\draw[dim edge] (big-top-left) -- ++(-0.25, 0) coordinate (dim-web-top);
\draw[dim edge] (big-flange-top-left) -- ++(-0.25, 0) coordinate (dim-flange-top-left);
\draw[dim length] (dim-web-bottom) -- (dim-web-top) node[left=0.1] {\SI{75}{\mm}};
\draw[dim length, arrows={Stealth-}] (dim-flange-bottom-left) -- ++(0, -0.25);
\draw[dim length, arrows={Stealth-}] (dim-flange-top-left) -- ++(0, 0.25);
\draw[dim length, draw=none] (dim-flange-bottom-left) -- (dim-web-bottom) node[left=0.1] {\SI{5}{\mm}};
\draw[dim length, draw=none] (dim-web-top) -- (dim-flange-top-left) node[left=0.1] {\SI{5}{\mm}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}