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一种奇特的方式

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一种奇特的方式

我有一个 .tex 文档，我用它来通过 pdflatex 生成 .pdf 文件，它工作正常，但我想知道为什么为了正确显示所有 tikz 图像，我总是必须调用 pdflatex 两次。这种奇怪的行为有什么原因吗？

pdflatex myfile.tex .
pdflatex myfile.tex .

pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.17

下面是一个代码示例：

\documentclass[english,12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[left=48pt,right=46pt]{geometry}
\usepackage[latin9]{inputenc}
\usepackage{imakeidx}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{epigraph}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{tikz}% loads also graphicx, xcolor
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{scrbase}
\usepackage{scrlayer}[31/10/2013]
\usepackage{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftex,colorlinks=true,allcolors=blue}
\usepackage{hypcap}
\newkomafont{myheadfoot}{\color{white}\bfseries\sffamily}
\newkomafont{myhead}{\Huge}
\newkomafont{mypagenumber}{\normalsize}
\newkomafont{mysepline}{\color{blue}}

\newcommand\headimageheight{2cm}
\newcommand\footimageheight{.5cm}
\newcommand\seplineheight{.2cm}
\newcommand\headtexthoffset{1cm}


\renewcommand\epigraphflush{flushright}
\renewcommand\epigraphsize{\normalsize}
\setlength\epigraphwidth{0.7\textwidth}

\renewcommand\sectionmark[1]{\markright{#1}}
\newcommand\titleinhead{}
\newcommand\mytitle[1]{\title{#1}\renewcommand\titleinhead{#1}}

\newsavebox\headimage
\sbox\headimage{%
  \tikz{
    \clip(0,0)rectangle(\paperwidth,-\headimageheight);
    \node[inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt,anchor=north west]{%
      \includegraphics[width=\paperwidth]{myHeaderPicture}};
  }%
  \llap{\usekomafont{mysepline}\rule[-\seplineheight]{\paperwidth}{\seplineheight}}%
}
\newsavebox\footimage
\sbox\footimage{%
  \tikz{
    \clip(0,0)rectangle(\paperwidth,\footimageheight);
    \node[inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt,anchor=south west]{%
      \includegraphics[width=\paperwidth]{myFooterPicture}};
  }%
  \llap{\usekomafont{mysepline}\rule[\footimageheight]{\paperwidth}{\seplineheight}}%
}

\DeclareNewLayer[
  background,
  area={0pt}{0pt}{\paperwidth}{\headimageheight},
  contents={%
    \parbox[c][\layerheight]{\layerwidth}{%
      \vspace*{\stretch{2}}
      \hspace*{\headtexthoffset}%
      \usekomafont{myheadfoot}\usekomafont{myhead}\smash{\MakeUppercase{%
        \ifodd\value{page}\titleinhead\else\rightmark\fi%
      }}%
      \vspace*{\stretch{1}}}%
    %}%
  }
]{headtext}
\DeclareNewLayer[
  clone=headtext,
  %% addheight=\seplineheight,
  contents={\usebox\headimage}
]{headimage}
\DeclareNewLayer[
  background,
  align=b,
  area={0pt}{\paperheight}{\paperwidth}{\footimageheight},
  contents={%
    \parbox[c][\layerheight][c]{\layerwidth}{\centering\usekomafont{myheadfoot}\usekomafont{mypagenumber}\thepage}%
  }
]{foottext}
\DeclareNewLayer[
  clone=foottext,
  %% addheight=\seplineheight,
  contents={\parbox{\layerwidth}{\usebox\footimage}}
]{footimage}

\DeclarePageStyleByLayers{headfootimage}{%
  headimage,headtext,%
  footimage,foottext%
}

\definecolor{titlepagecolor}{cmyk}{1,.60,0,.40}
\definecolor{namecolor}{cmyk}{1,.50,0,.10}


\newcommand\titlepagedecoration{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,overlay,shorten >= -10pt]

\coordinate (aux1) at ([yshift=-15pt]current page.north east);
\coordinate (aux2) at ([yshift=-410pt]current page.north east);
\coordinate (aux3) at ([xshift=-4.5cm]current page.north east);
\coordinate (aux4) at ([yshift=-150pt]current page.north east);

\begin{scope}[titlepagecolor!40,line width=12pt,rounded corners=12pt]
\draw
  (aux1) -- coordinate (a)
  ++(225:5) --
  ++(-45:5.1) coordinate (b);
\draw[shorten <= -10pt]
  (aux3) --
  (a) --
  (aux1);
\draw[opacity=0.6,titlepagecolor,shorten <= -10pt]
  (b) --
  ++(225:2.2) --
  ++(-45:2.2);
\end{scope}
\draw[titlepagecolor,line width=8pt,rounded corners=8pt,shorten <= -10pt]
  (aux4) --
  ++(225:0.8) --
  ++(-45:0.8);
\begin{scope}[titlepagecolor!70,line width=6pt,rounded corners=8pt]
\draw[shorten <= -10pt]
  (aux2) --
  ++(225:3) coordinate[pos=0.45] (c) --
  ++(-45:3.1);
\draw
  (aux2) --
  (c) --
  ++(135:2.5) --
  ++(45:2.5) --
  ++(-45:2.5) coordinate[pos=0.3] (d);   
\draw 
  (d) -- +(45:1);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}%
}

\makeindex

\begin{document}

% Title Page 
\begin{titlepage}
\newgeometry{left=6.5cm} % defines the geometry for the titlepage
\pagecolor{titlepagecolor}
\noindent
\includegraphics[width=10cm]{myLogoImage}\\[-1em]
\color{white}
\makebox[0pt][l]{\rule{1.3\textwidth}{1pt}}
\par
\noindent
\textbf{\textsf{MyName}} \textcolor{namecolor}{\textsf{MyFamilyName}}
% \noindent
\titlepagedecoration
\vfill
\noindent
{\huge \textsf{My Title}}
\vskip\baselineskip
\noindent
\end{titlepage}
% Title Page End

\restoregeometry % restores the geometry
\nopagecolor% Use this to restore the color pages to white

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述 在此处输入图片描述

答案1

TeX 的基本块是水平盒和垂直盒。你写或画的任何东西都会被放在某个垂直盒中的某个水平盒里。只有在 TeX 完成换行和分页后，每个盒子才会被分配一个位置。而且只有在你完成当前的图片/水平盒/垂直盒后，TeX 才会进行换行/分页。所以存在因果依赖关系，你必须编译两次。

上述论证隐含着一个假设，即当前 Ti 的位置钾Z 图片很重要。通常情况下，人们喜欢写

\tikz[remember picture,overlay](0,0)--(current page.center);

那么 Ti钾Z 所做的就是计算相(current page.center)对于当地的协调。

当我们只想使用绝对坐标。我们知道脚注和页眉页脚是不需要二次编译的，第一次编译的时候就已经放到正确的位置了。

所以你的问题的答案实际上是
不，没有理由。
我们可以完成第一次编译所做的工作。

例如：

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{tikz}
        \pgfsyspdfmark{pgfid1}{8799518}{45527859}
\begin{document}

    \newbox\mybox
    \setbox\mybox=\hbox{%
        \tikz[remember picture,overlay]{
            \draw++(current page.north east)+(-.1,-.1)--+(-1,-1)
                 node[below left]{this is the top right corenr};
        }%
    }
    \pagestyle{headings}
    \markright{\box\mybox}

    \leavevmode

\end{document}

请注意，我仍在使用[remember picture,overlay]。并且我添加了猜测图片位置\pgfsyspdfmark{pgfid1}{8799518}{45527859}。这表示页眉基线左端点的位置，可以手工计算。

具体来说，8799518是缩放点的 x 坐标，即

一英寸++ . \hoffset5+ \marginparwidth.\marginparsep

是45527859缩放点的 y 坐标，即

\paperheight- 一英寸 - \voffset- \topmargin- \headheight。

看https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Page_Layout

一种奇特的方式

这是特定于编译器的。

基本思想是除了盒子之外，pdfTeX 还提供了一种访问绝对坐标的方法。其中samplepdf.tex有一个例子：

% pdfTeX keeps the origin point of coordinates in the lower-left corner of the
% page (native PDF space origin). \pdfliteral used without `direct' keyword
% moves this position temporarily to the point user probably expect; current
% position on the page. That is why the rectangle above appears in-line.
% Drawing anything relative to the page origin is a bit problematic. In most
% cases, one can't simply say `\pdfliteral direct {q <paiting operators> Q}'.
% That is because q..Q operators can't appear inside BT..ET blocks.
%
% Starting from pdfTeX 1.30.0, another \pdfliteral modifier can be used instead
% of `direct'. If the keyword is `page', pdfTeX closes internal text block with `ET'
% before putting the literal content; like with `direct', without translation.

\feature 1.30.0 {\cs\pdfliteral{ \tt page} keyword}
...and now look at the lower-left corner of the page.\par
\pdfliteral page {q 1 j 0 1 0 rg 0 0 1 RG 0 0 10 10 re B Q}
\pdfliteral page {q -1 0 0 1 612 0 cm .5 g}\hfill Do you like that?\pdfliteral page {Q}
\endfeature

但我们这些人不会说 PDF 的语言，只会说 PGF/Ti钾Z 确实如此。因此，我们可以以某种方式重写 PGF 的系统层并获得：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}

(You have to say something in order to setup font)

(Use {\tt\string\leavevmode} for text-free graphics)

(See the next page to see what happened on this page)

\makeatletter

\def\myliteralstring{}
\def\pgfsys@invoke#1{\g@addto@macro\myliteralstring{#1}}
\def\pgftext#1{
    \pgfsys@invoke{
        q
    }
    \pgftransformshift{\pgfqpoint{\pgf@path@lastx}{\pgf@path@lasty}}\pgflowlevelsynccm
    \pgfsys@invoke{
            4 Tw BT [(#1)] TJ ET
        Q
    }
}
\def\tikz@fig ode#1;{
    \endgroup
    \pgftext{#1}
}
    \tikz[line width=1]{
        \draw[<-,red](.1,.1)--(.9,.9);
        \path(1,1)node{this is our origin};
        \draw[<-]++(8.5in,11in)+(-.1,-.1)--+(-.9,-.9);
        \path++(8.5in,11in)+(-5,-1)node{this the opposite corner};
        \draw[<-]++(8.5in/2,11in/2)circle(1);
        \pgftext{this is the center of the page}
    }

\pdfliteral page{
    q
        \myliteralstring
    Q
}

\clearpage

\myliteralstring

\end{document}

这是有问题的。但总比没有好。

旧答案

其实有一个非常原始的方法可以避免双重编译。它实际上避免使用 Ti钾Z。希望你喜欢它。

\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}

\leavevmode

\pdfliteral page {
q 1 0.6 0 0.4 k 1 0.6 0 0.4 K n 0 0 597.50787 845.04684 re f Q
0 g 0 G
0 g 0 G
0 g 0 G
1 g 1 G
q
1 0 0 1 184.252 729.405 cm
[]0 d 0 J 0.996 w 0 0 m 418.252 0 l S
Q
1 0 0 1 317.796 714.461 cm
q 
1 G 
1 g 
0.3985 w 
q 
q 
0.4 0.24 0 0.16 k 0.4 0.24 0 0.16 K
11.95532 w 
277.48364 112.48627 m 
185.71669 20.71877 l 
181.0475 16.04987 181.0475 8.48029 185.71669 3.81137 c 
286.53308 -97.00525 l 
S 
q 
Q 
q 
Q 
142.25674 133.86983 m 
218.21884 70.0652 l 
223.27463 65.81834 231.1581 66.16046 235.8273 70.82938 c 
284.5284 119.53102 l 
S 
q 
/[email protected] gs 
/[email protected] gs 
1 0.6 0 0.4 k 1 0.6 0 0.4 K
286.53308 -82.91574 m 
243.84503 -125.60405 l 
239.17584 -130.27295 239.17584 -137.84253 243.84503 -142.51144 c 
286.53308 -185.19974 l 
S 
0.4 0.24 0 0.16 k 0.4 0.24 0 0.16 K
Q 
1 g 1 G
Q 
q 
1 0.6 0 0.4 k 1 0.6 0 0.4 K
7.97021 w 
284.5287 -14.96634 m 
267.08464 -32.41034 l 
263.97192 -35.52295 263.97192 -40.56934 267.08464 -43.68193 c 
284.5287 -61.12593 l 
S 
1 g 1 G
Q 
q 
0.7 0.42 0 0.28 k 0.7 0.42 0 0.28 K
5.97766 w 
284.5284 -273.99832 m 
222.98709 -335.54 l 
219.8743 -338.65259 219.8743 -343.69899 222.98709 -346.81158 c 
286.53278 -410.35764 l 
S 
q 
Q 
277.48364 -281.04308 m 
256.06015 -302.46681 l 
252.94743 -305.5794 247.90076 -305.5794 244.78795 -302.46681 c 
205.94989 -263.62802 l 
202.83708 -260.51541 202.83708 -255.46902 205.94989 -252.35641 c 
244.78795 -213.51764 l 
247.90076 -210.40503 252.94748 -210.40503 256.06027 -213.51764 c 
307.57925 -265.03697 l 
S 
q 
Q 
265.45738 -222.9151 m 
292.54681 -195.82611 l 
S 
1 g 1 G
Q 
Q 
n 
Q 
1 0 0 1 -317.796 -714.461 cm
}

\end{document}

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