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更改代码中注释中显示的内容？

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更改代码中注释中显示的内容？

我认识到 LaTeX 不太可能做到这一点，所以这可能归结为“是否有任何第三方 LaTeX 编辑软件......”

作为一名大学教师，我为学生编写的练习集很长。为了轻松找到文档，我尝试在注释中包含适当的标签和解释。例如

% Question 5: Differentiate a product
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

% Question 6: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

问题是，当我有一个很长的列表（50 个或更多问题）时，我决定在列表中间添加一些问题。现在我在评论中的编号被关闭了。为了修复它们，我必须手动浏览整个文件并更改每个问题。

那么，有没有办法定义某种计数器或标签，让我可以提出新问题并重新编号评论？同样，这是我查看代码时看到的：

% Question 5: Differentiate a product
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

% Question 6: NEW QUESTION
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

% Question 7: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

并且代码中的注释已重新编号。

答案1

这是一个AWK解决方案，而不是LaTeX解决方案，所以也许应该将其移到另一个论坛。

如果您的系统上有AWK或GAWK解释器，您可以使用以下脚本自动重新编号您的源文件。

BEGIN { questionNum = 1; }
{
    if ($1 == "%" && $2 == "Question")
    {
        out = $1" "$2" "questionNum":";
        for (i = 4; i <= NF; i++) { out = out" "$i; }
        print out;
        ++questionNum;
    }
    else { print $0; }
}

原始文件：

% Question 5: Differentiate a product
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

% Question x: NEW QUESTION
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

% Question 7: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

已处理文件：

% Question 1: Differentiate a product
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

% Question 2: NEW QUESTION
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

% Question 3: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

答案2

您可以使用以下方式将其作为“单行”操作perl；例如，您可以使用：

perl -p -e 's/(?<!\\)%(\h*Question\h*)\d+/$i++;"%$1$i"/e' htg.tex

例如htg.tex：

% Question 5: Differentiate a product
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

% Question 6: NEW QUESTION
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

% Question 7: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

%Question 4: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

%Question5: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

this one has a percentage symbol, \%     Question 5: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

%Question6: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

当（小心！，风险自负) 使用perl -p -i.bak -e 's/(?<!\\)%(\h*Question\h*)\d+/$i++;"%$1$i"/e' htg.tex是

% Question 1: Differentiate a product
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

% Question 2: NEW QUESTION
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

% Question 3: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

%Question 4: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

%Question5: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

this one has a percentage symbol, \%     Question 5: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

%Question6: Differentiate a quotient
\item <question>
<worked out solution>

几点说明：

  • -p告诉perl逐行处理文件（htg.tex），并打印输出
  • -e是允许我们在引号内execute运行代码的标志perl
  • -i.bak是只有当你确信这个东西有用时才可以使用；它会覆盖htg.tex并创建htg.tex.bak备份。
  • s/this/that/替换this为that。
  • (?<!\\)%(\h*Question\h*)\d+表示一个%，前面不能有\，然后后跟零个或多个水平空格，然后Question，然后是零个或多个空格，然后是一个或多个数字；()是“捕获”括号，其结果存储在特殊变量 中$1； -$i++;"%$1$i"增加一个计数器，$i，然后，最后，%与 的结果$1和 的新值一起输出$i；
    • /e末尾的修饰符允许我们在替换（扩展模式）中执行这些操作。

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