下列的这个答案，我有一个数据文件P.dat，需要将其绘制为填充轮廓图。
但是我收到了这个错误
软件包 pgfplots 错误：严重：shader=interp：获得不支持的 pdf 着色类型“0”。这可能会损坏您的 pdf！。\end{axis}
如果我能知道错误来源以及如何使输出与 MATLAB 所需的输出相匹配，我将不胜感激。
数据
平均能量损失
\RequirePackage{luatex85}
\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}
\addplot3[contour filled] table {P.dat};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
MATLAB 期望输出
更新 1
我制作了另一个带有NaNz 值的数据文件来解释空白数据（空白），并指定了行数和列数，但我得到了这个不想要的输出。
P2文件
微波辐射计 2
\RequirePackage{luatex85}
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepgfplotslibrary{patchplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[view={0}{90}]
\addplot3[contour filled,mesh/rows=31,mesh/cols=11,mesh/check=false] table {P2.dat};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
输出 2
更新 2
回想一下我的原始 MATLAB 数据，我如何删除所有值z等于或超过的点1723以获得与我想要的输出相似的输出？
P3文件
微波辐射计 3
\RequirePackage{luatex85}
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepgfplotslibrary{patchplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[view={0}{90},colorbar, point meta max=1723, point meta min=300,]
\addplot3[contour filled={number = 25,labels={false}},mesh/rows=31,mesh/cols=11,mesh/check=false
] table {P3.dat};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
输出 3
答案1
这里我提出两种解决方案。
解决方案 1（图片左侧部分）
这尝试使用 PGFPlots 的功能重现 Matlab 图形。为了“确认”我做得对，我首先保存了你的Matlab 图像并裁剪轴部分。然后我将其添加为，\addplot graphics并在其上添加了真实图，即\addplot contour filled50% 透明度的图。这样就可以检查我是否找到了正确的间隔边界。
说我认为你上面的陈述是错误的。似乎你删除了所有值 >1600 的颜色。这也是有道理的，因为最大限度文件中的值为P3.dat1723...
解决方案 2（图片右侧部分）
这里我只是使用了上面裁剪的 Matlab 图像并重现了颜色条。
比较
正如您在解决方案 1 中看到的，有一些“伪影”使得结果不如 Matlab 结果那么平滑。这是因为轮廓计算/可视化仅有的取决于您的 PDF 查看器的功能。据说您的结果可能与我的不同。我从 Acrobat Reader XI 中的视图截取了屏幕截图。
这就是我赞成解决方案 2 的原因。
为了改善结果，你应该修改你的 Matlab 视图以仅有的显示轮廓，这意味着删除轴和网格线。那么唯一的区别可能是 Matlab 轮廓图中使用的/显示的颜色和 PGFPlots 计算的颜色条。具体来说，我的意思是一个可以使用 RGB 颜色，另一个可以使用 CMYK。但是既然你有插图画家，正如你所说，你可以检查一下，并调整其中一个部分，即 Matlab 或 PGFPlots 输出。
您还可以在 Matlab 中创建一个“纯”版本的颜色条，也就是说没有任何轴，并将此图形导入 PGFPlots 颜色条。当然，颜色是完全相同的。
有关解决方案如何运作的更多详细信息，请查看代码中的注释。
% used PGFPlots v1.14
\RequirePackage{luatex85}
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{
% you need at least this `compat' level or higher to use the below features
compat=1.14,
% define a "white" colormap for the white part of the image
colormap={no data}{
color=(white)
% color=(white)
color=(red)
},
% load this colormap which is later used
colormap/bluered,
% define the "parula" colormap that was used to create the exported image
% from Matlab
% (borrowed from http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/336647/95441)
colormap={parula}{
rgb255=(53,42,135)
rgb255=(15,92,221)
rgb255=(18,125,216)
rgb255=(7,156,207)
rgb255=(21,177,180)
rgb255=(89,189,140)
rgb255=(165,190,107)
rgb255=(225,185,82)
rgb255=(252,206,46)
rgb255=(249,251,14)
},
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
view={0}{90},
colorbar,
% modify the style of the colorbar a bit
colorbar style={
ytick distance=200,
ymax=1600,
},
% this key--value is needed because of the `\addplot graphics'
enlargelimits=false,
]
% import the "exported" graphics
\addplot graphics [
xmin=0,
xmax=50,
ymin=0,
ymax=150,
] {P3};
% now try to reproduce the style of the exported graphics
\addplot3 [
% for that use, e.g., the `countour filled' feature ...
contour filled={
% ... in combination with the `levels of colormap' feature
% which allows to customize the used colormap
levels from colormap={
% this part of the colormap is for the "colored" part
of colormap={
% here we use the above initialized `bluered' colormap
bluered,
% % (`viridis' is a colormap which is similar to the
% % used `parula' comormap in Matlab.
% % But because the yellow is hard to identify
% % in this context we use the above colormap)
% viridis,
% with this we state there is more to come
target pos max=,
% and here we state where the corresponding levels
% should *start*
target pos={200,400,600,800,1000,1200,1400},
},
% here comes the second part of the colormap which
% should have no color which isn't possible or at least
% I don't have an idea how to do it ...
of colormap={
% ... so I use a "white" colormap instead
no data,
% here the lower end isn't needed because that was
% specified in the first part of the colormap
target pos min=,
% and here is the corresponding interval *start*
% for that colormap
% (as you can see -- or not ;) -- the white starts
% at position/values >=1600)
target pos={1600},
},
},
},
% you need only to provide `rows' or `cols' because
% PGFPlots can then calculate the other value together with
% the provded number of data points
mesh/rows=31,
% make the plot half transparent to check that the `target pos'
% of the colormap are chosen correct
opacity=0.5,
] table {P3.dat};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
% show the colorbar
colorbar,
% because there is no real plot where PGFPlots can get the `meta'
% data from, one has to provide them manually
point meta min=200,
point meta max=1800,
%%% here we define the needed colormap and its style again
% we want to use constant intervals in the colormap
colormap access=piecewise const,
% and also here we have to provide the limits again ...
of colormap/target pos min*=200,
of colormap/target pos max*=1800,
% ... and use this feature which makes easier to provide the
% samples at the right position
% (please have a look at the PGFPlots manual for more details)
of colormap/sample for=const,
% this is similar to the above example
colormap={CM}{
of colormap={
% ... except that we use the `parula' colormap here
parula,
target pos max=,
target pos={200,400,600,800,1000,1200,1400,1600},
},
of colormap={
no data,
target pos min=,
% here you can use an arbitrary value which is greater than
% the last `target pos' of the previous colormap part of course.
% But here I tried to "overwrite" the last color of the
% colormap, i.e. the "bright" yellow, as well by just
% giving it a very small interval
% (to show the effect increase the `ymax' value in the
% `colorbar style')
target pos={1601},
},
},
% modify the style of the colorbar a bit
colorbar style={
ytick distance=200,
ymin=300,
ymax=1600,
},
% this key--value is needed because of the `\addplot graphics'
enlargelimits=false,
]
\addplot graphics [
xmin=0,
xmax=50,
ymin=0,
ymax=150,
] {P3};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
