超出边距的子图标题叠加

Question

我正在尝试重现我在这里找到的例子：具有两个并排子图且宽度大于文本宽度的图形

我想要同样的东西。问题是我的标题非常多。如果我像示例中那样做，我的标题就会开始重叠。有没有办法让我的标题负责任，同时仍然扩展我的图像：

\documentclass[11pt,twocolumn]{article}
\usepackage{graphicx,caption,subcaption}
\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage{rotating}


\begin{document}
\onecolumn
\begin{figure}
\makebox[\linewidth][c]{%
\begin{subfigure}[b]{.65\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.95\textwidth]{someImage.png}
\caption{nsdanskdnasndasmnd,asndm,ans,dmndnamsnd,mna,snd,mans,dna,snd,ans,dnalsjdoafmad cknasojnfoansdlknasldnlaksdasdlma snfoojanwdkpmaslmdnakjsbfoasnd askfbaosnfa smf aojsfpasmflamnsfkjbaosfnlaksn f,jasnfohanslfnalsfnpiabsbfouasmfnaösfjkjapwnsdanskdnasndasmnd,asndm,ans,dmndnamsnd,mna,snd,mans,dna,snd,ans,dnalsjdoafmad cknasojnfoansdlknasldnlaksdasdlma snfoojanwdkpmaslmdnakjsbfoasnd askfbaosnfa smf aojsfpasmflamnsfkjbaosfnlaksn f,jasnfohanslfnalsfnpiabsbfouasmfnaösfjkjapw}
\label{SED}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[b]{.65\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.95\textwidth]{someImage.png}
\caption{nsdanskdnasndasmnd,asndm,ans,dmndnamsnd,mna,snd,mans,dna,snd,ans,dnalsjdoafmad cknasojnfoansdlknasldnlaksdasdlma snfoojanwdkpmaslmdnakjsbfoasnd askfbaosnfa smf aojsfpasmflamnsfkjbaosfnlaksn f,jasnfohanslfnalsfnpiabsbfouasmfnaösfjkjapwnsdanskdnasndasmnd,asndm,ans,dmndnamsnd,mna,snd,mans,dna,snd,ans,dnalsjdoafmad cknasojnfoansdlknasldnlaksdasdlma snfoojanwdkpmaslmdnakjsbfoasnd askfbaosnfa smf aojsfpasmflamnsfkjbaosfnlaksn f,jasnfohanslfnalsfnpiabsbfouasmfnaösfjkjapw}
\label{SED1}
\end{subfigure}%
}    
\makebox[\linewidth][c]{%
\begin{subfigure}[b]{.65\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.95\textwidth]{someImage.png}
\caption{asdmlasjkdasdnlansflnalsnflkansflnaslfnlkasnflkansofnaosnfoansofnaosnfoansfonasofnoasnfoqnfonoansifnaisjfnasnfi}
\label{SED2}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[b]{.65\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.95\textwidth]{someImage.png}
\caption{nsdanskdnasndasmnd,asndm,ans,dmndnamsnd,mna,snd,mans,dna,snd,ans,dnalsjdoafmad cknasojnfoansdlknasldnlaksdasdlma snfoojanwdkpmaslmdnakjsbfoasnd askfbaosnfa smf aojsfpasmflamnsfkjbaosfnlaksn f,jasnfohanslfnalsfnpiabsbfouasmfnaösfjkjapw}
\label{SED3}
\end{subfigure}%
}
\caption{
sdamklsadnasld.a,smd.,asm.d,ma.smdaösd.ams.dma.,smd.ams.dmaösmdökams.d,ma.smd.,ams.,d}
\end{figure}


\end{document}

这使：

Answer 1

编辑： 显然，在第一次尝试中，我错过了一个重要点：图像必须比文本宽度宽（如*John Kormylo 在下面的评论中所述；谢谢 John）。为此，我建议使用 packed changepage，它能够在文本两侧分别控制图形突出文本宽度。下面的答案已相应更正

我想，您正在寻找类似这样的东西：

与您的 MWE 相比，我做了更多改变：

• 删除\makebox[\linewidth][c]{% ...}并替换为\begin{adjustwidth*}{}{-11mm} ... \end{adjustwidth*}
• 对于子图宽度我选择0.48\linetwidth
• 对于图形宽度subfigure我选择\linewidth
• subfigure将位置选项更改为[t]

为了显示页面布局，添加了包showframe，在实际使用中必须将其删除。

对于标题中的文本，我使用来自lispum包的虚拟文本。标题中的文本实际上是一个长单词，LaTeX 很难将其分成更多行。

\documentclass[11pt,twocolumn]{article}
\usepackage{caption,subcaption}
\usepackage[demo]{graphicx}
\usepackage[strict]{changepage}

\usepackage{lipsum}% for dummy text in captions
\usepackage{showframe}% to show page layout

\begin{document}
\onecolumn
\begin{figure}
\begin{adjustwidth*}{}{-11mm}% adjust to desired protrusion into outside margin
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{.48\linewidth}% <-- changed
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{someImage.png}
    \caption{\lipsum*[2]}
\label{SED}
    \end{subfigure}\hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{.48\linewidth}% <-- changed
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{someImage.png}
    \caption{\lipsum*[11]}
\label{SED1}
    \end{subfigure}

    \begin{subfigure}[t]{.48\linewidth}% <-- changed
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{someImage.png}
    \caption{\lipsum*[11]}
\label{SED2}
    \end{subfigure}\hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{.48\linewidth}% <-- changed
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{someImage.png}
    \caption{\lipsum*[3]}
\label{SED3}
    \end{subfigure}%
\caption{The main caption}
\end{adjustwidth*}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

Answer 2

\makebox该技巧和包装的问题changepage在于它们对称地推入边缘，当文本区域位于纸张中央时，这是没问题的。

以下效果是\columnsep纸张边缘和两个子图之间的边距。为了通用性，我twoside还包含了文档的代码（可能需要运行两次）。

\documentclass[11pt,twocolumn]{book}
\usepackage{caption,subcaption}
\usepackage[demo]{graphicx}
\usepackage{ifoddpage}% for twoside documents

\usepackage{lipsum}% for dummy text in captions
\usepackage{showframe}% to show page layout

\newlength{\tempwidth}

\begin{document}
%\null\newpage
\onecolumn
\begin{figure}
\setlength{\tempwidth}{\dimexpr .5\paperwidth-1.5\columnsep}%
\checkoddpage
\ifoddpageoroneside
  \setlength{\leftskip}{\dimexpr \columnsep-1in-\oddsidemargin}%
  \setlength{\rightskip}{\dimexpr \columnsep+1in+\oddsidemargin+\textwidth-\paperwidth}%
\else
  \setlength{\leftskip}{\dimexpr \columnsep-1in-\evensidemargin}%
  \setlength{\rightskip}{\dimexpr \columnsep+1in+\evensidemargin+\textwidth-\paperwidth}%
\fi
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{\tempwidth}% <-- changed
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{someImage.png}
    \caption{\lipsum*[2]}
\label{SED}
    \end{subfigure}\hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{\tempwidth}% <-- changed
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{someImage.png}
    \caption{\lipsum*[11]}
\label{SED1}
    \end{subfigure}

    \begin{subfigure}[t]{\tempwidth}% <-- changed
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{someImage.png}
    \caption{\lipsum*[11]}
\label{SED2}
    \end{subfigure}\hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{\tempwidth}% <-- changed
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{someImage.png}
    \caption{\lipsum*[3]}
\label{SED3}
    \end{subfigure}%
\caption{The main caption}
\end{figure}

\end{document}