我确实有一个longtabu\newglossarystyle它 原本是glossaries符号列表，但我为 MWE 提取了它。第一列显示数学运算符，第二列显示它们的描述。如您所见，第一列看起来相当混乱。如果第一列以括号为中心会更好。是否有可能自动实现这一点？
我已经尝试过\hphantoms，但这需要大量手动工作，并且在全球范围内无效。要将列对齐到小数点或其他符号有dcolumn包，但我无法得到我想要的结果。我尝试的最后一件事是简单地放入定义\begin{longtabu} to \linewidth {r@{${}\left(\phantom{a}\right){}$}lX}中longtabu并multicolumn在不需要括号的地方使用。但对齐也是不正确的。
是否有一种自动化的方法来实现括号内第一列的对齐？
原始 MWE
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{tabu}
\newcommand*\dif{\mathop{}\!\mathrm{d}}
\begin{document}
\begingroup
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.4}
\begin{longtabu} to \linewidth {cX}
Symbol & Description \tabularnewline
$\bar{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}$ & Operator 1 \tabularnewline
$\dif\left(\phantom{a}\right)$ & Operator 2 \tabularnewline
$\dot{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}$ & Operator 3 \tabularnewline
$\left(\phantom{a}\right)_{,x}$ & Operator 4 \tabularnewline
$\hat{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}$ & Operator 5 \tabularnewline
$\left(\phantom{a}\right)^{-1}$ & Operator 6 \tabularnewline
$\partial\left(\phantom{a}\right)$ & Operator 7 \tabularnewline
$\left(\phantom{a}\right)^T$ & Operator 8 \tabularnewline
\end{longtabu}
\endgroup
\end{document}
尝试 1
多列的居中方向弄乱了这些线条。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{tabu}
\newcommand*\dif{\mathop{}\!\mathrm{d}}
\begin{document}
\begingroup
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.4}
\begin{longtabu} to \linewidth {r@{${}\left(\phantom{a}\right){}$}lX}
\multicolumn{2}{c}{Symbol} & Description \tabularnewline
\multicolumn{2}{c}{$\bar{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}$} & Operator 1 \tabularnewline
$\dif$ && Operator 2 \tabularnewline
\multicolumn{2}{c}{$\dot{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}$} & Operator 3 \tabularnewline
&$_{,x}$ & Operator 4 \tabularnewline
\multicolumn{2}{c}{$\hat{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}$} & Operator 5 \tabularnewline
&$^{-1}$ & Operator 6 \tabularnewline
$\partial$ && Operator 7 \tabularnewline
&$^T$ & Operator 8 \tabularnewline
\end{longtabu}
\endgroup
\end{document}
第二次尝试
基本上没问题，但不适用于在定义\newglossaryentry中使用这个的上下文glossaries。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{tabu}
\newcommand*\dif{\mathop{}\!\mathrm{d}}
\begin{document}
\begingroup
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.4}
\begin{longtabu} to \linewidth {r@{}c@{}lX}
\multicolumn{3}{c}{Symbol} & Description \tabularnewline
& $\bar{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}$ & & Operator 1 \tabularnewline
$\dif$ & $\left(\phantom{a}\right)$ & & Operator 2 \tabularnewline
& $\dot{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}$ & & Operator 3 \tabularnewline
& $\left(\phantom{a}\right)$ & $_{,x}$ & Operator 4 \tabularnewline
& $\hat{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}$ & & Operator 5 \tabularnewline
& $\left(\phantom{a}\right)$ & $^{-1}$ & Operator 6 \tabularnewline
$\partial$ & $\left(\phantom{a}\right)$ & & Operator 7 \tabularnewline
& $\left(\phantom{a}\right)$ & $^T$ & Operator 8 \tabularnewline
\end{longtabu}
\endgroup
\end{document}
我设法将此方案应用于词汇表。但这似乎需要大量手动工作：
符号定义：
\newglossary[slg7]{operatorlist}{syi7}{syg7}{Operators}
% compile with: makeindex -s %S.ist -t %S.slg7 -o %S.syi7 %S.syg7
\newglossaryentry{symb:operator:bar}{%
symbol ={$\bar{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}$},%
name ={},%
description ={Value in material coordinate system},%
user1 ={},%
user2 ={$\protect\bar{\protect\left(\protect\phantom{a}\protect\right)}$},%
user3 ={},%
type =operatorlist,%
sort =olocalbar,%
}
\newglossaryentry{symb:operator:dif}{%
symbol ={$\dif\left(\phantom{a}\right)$},%
name ={},%
description ={Differential operator},%
user1 ={$\protect\dif$},%
user2 ={$\protect\left(\protect\phantom{a}\protect\right)$},%
user3 ={},%
type =operatorlist,%
sort =odifdifferential,%
}
\newglossaryentry{symb:operator:dx}{%
symbol ={$\left(\phantom{a}\right)_{,x}$},%
name ={},%
description ={Spatial derivative with respect to coordinate $x$},%
user1 ={},%
user2 ={$\protect\left(\protect\phantom{a}\protect\right)$},%
user3 ={$_{,x}$},%
type =operatorlist,%
sort =odifdx,%
}
glossaries风格：
\newglossarystyle{myoperatorstyle}{%
\renewcommand*{\glsclearpage}{}%
\renewenvironment{theglossary}%
{%
\begingroup%
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.4}%
\begin{longtabu} to \linewidth {@{\ \;}r@{}c@{}lX}
}%
{%
\end{longtabu}
\endgroup
}%
% Header line
\renewcommand*{\glossaryheader}{%
\multicolumn{3}{@{}c}{\textbf{Symbol}} & \textbf{Description}%
\tabularnewline%
\tabularnewline%
\endhead%
\endfoot%
}%
% indicate what to do at the start of each logical group
\renewcommand*{\glsgroupskip}{\tabularnewline}% What to do between groups
% entry
\renewcommand*{\glossentry}[1]{%
\glsentryitem{##1}% Entry number if required
\glsentryuseri{##1} &
\glsentryuserii{##1} &
\glsentryuseriii{##1} &
\glossentrydesc{##1}
\tabularnewline%
}%
}
打印词汇表：
\printglossary[type=operatorlist,style=myoperatorstyle,nonumberlist]
答案1
您可以使用eqparbox包来完成此操作。为此，我定义了一个tpsymb命令（三部分符号），如您所见，它有 3 个参数：一个“前符号”，一个主符号（在整个文件中必须相同）和一个“后符号”。前部分和后部分放在 中\eqmakebox，这样每个前部分都具有相同的宽度，后部分也是如此。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{tabu}
\usepackage{ eqparbox}
\newcommand\eqmathbox[2][M]{\eqmakebox[#1][l]{$\displaystyle#2$}}
\newcommand*\dif{\mathop{}\!\mathrm{d}}
\newcommand\tpsymb[3]{\eqmakebox[pre][r]{\ensuremath{#1}}\ensuremath{#2}\eqmakebox[post][l]{\ensuremath{#3}}}
%\newcommand\mysymbol
\begin{document}
\begingroup
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.4}
\noindent
\begin{longtabu} to \linewidth {cX}
Symbol & Description \tabularnewline
\tpsymb{}{\bar{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}}{} & Operator 1 \tabularnewline
\tpsymb{\dif}{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}{} & Operator 2 \tabularnewline
\tpsymb{}{\dot{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}}{} & Operator 3 \tabularnewline
\tpsymb{}{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}{_{,x}} & Operator 4 \tabularnewline
\tpsymb{}{\hat{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}}{} & Operator 5 \tabularnewline
\tpsymb{}{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}{^{-1}} & Operator 6 \tabularnewline
\tpsymb{\partial}{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}{} & Operator 7 \tabularnewline
\tpsymb{}{\left(\phantom{a}\right)}{^T} & Operator 8 \tabularnewline
\end{longtabu}
\endgroup
\end{document}
答案2
这主要是美学问题。即使数学符号位于字段的中心，它们也不会看居中。您需要做的是确定您真正想要居中的内容，然后调整对齐点以使其居中。
在本例中，我将 居中$(a)$。这是通过测量最宽字段的宽度 ( Symbol) 和 的宽度$(a)$并将\hspace*{\fixup}（您也可以使用\makebox[\fixup][r]{...}）添加到左列来实现的。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{tabu}
\newcommand*\dif{\mathop{}\!\mathrm{d}}
\newlength{\fixup}
\begin{document}
\settowidth{\dimen0}{Symbol}%
\settowidth{\dimen1}{$(a)$}%
\setlength{\fixup}{\dimexpr 0.5\dimen0 - 0.5\dimen1}%
\begingroup
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.4}
\begin{longtabu} to \linewidth {r@{}lX}
\multicolumn{2}{c}{Symbol} & Description \tabularnewline
\hspace*{\fixup}% force alignment point to center $(a)$
&$\bar{(\phantom{a})}$ & Operator 1 \tabularnewline
$\dif$&$(\phantom{a})$ & Operator 2 \tabularnewline
&$\dot{(\phantom{a})}$ & Operator 3 \tabularnewline
&$(\phantom{a})_{,x}$ & Operator 4 \tabularnewline
&$\hat{(\phantom{a})}$ & Operator 5 \tabularnewline
&$(\phantom{a})^{-1}$ & Operator 6 \tabularnewline
$\partial$&$(\phantom{a})$ & Operator 7 \tabularnewline
&$(\phantom{a})^T$ & Operator 8 \tabularnewline
\end{longtabu}
\endgroup
\end{document}
