我读了一些关于longtable如何使其适合页面宽度的问题，但都没有成功。在示例中，表格适合页面宽度，但超出了指定的边距。附有 MWE。谢谢！
\documentclass[12pt, oneside]{article} % use "amsart" instead of "article" for AMSLaTeX format
\usepackage{geometry} % See geometry.pdf to learn the layout options. There are lots.
\geometry{letterpaper}
\geometry{left=1.5in, right=1in, top=1in, bottom=1in} % ... or a4paper or a5paper or ...
%\geometry{landscape} % Activate for rotated page geometry
\usepackage{graphicx} % Use pdf, png, jpg, or eps§ with pdflatex; use eps in DVI mode
% TeX will automatically convert eps --> pdf in pdflatex
\usepackage{amssymb}
\renewcommand{\labelitemi}{--}
\usepackage [english]{babel}
\usepackage [autostyle, english = american]{csquotes}
\MakeOuterQuote{"}
\usepackage{floatrow}
\floatsetup[table]{capposition=top}
\floatsetup[figure]{capposition=top}
\DeclareCaptionFont{xipt}{\fontsize{11}{13}\mdseries}
\usepackage[font=xipt]{caption}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}
\renewcommand\tabularxcolumn[1]{m{#1}}
\usepackage[title,titletoc]{appendix}
\renewcommand{\appendixpagename}{\centering Appendices}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\newcommand{\dd}[1]{\mathrm{d}#1}
\usepackage{enumerate}
\usepackage[nottoc]{tocbibind}
\usepackage{caption}
\captionsetup{justification=centerlast}
\usepackage{setspace}
\setstretch{1.6}
\usepackage{color,soul}
\usepackage{longtable}
\graphicspath{ {Images/} }
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\begin{longtable}{|*{2}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}p{8cm}|}}
\hline \textbf{Material} & \textbf{Description} \\
\hline Nickel Titanium Alloy (50/50) Thin Walls & Otherwise known as Nitinol; exhibits shape memory effect--ability to undergo deformation and resume original shape above "transformation temperature"--and super elasticity \cite{borges} \\
\hline Maraging Steel & Group of steels that possesses superior strength and toughness without losing malleability; this is due to aging, which incorporates heat treatment resulting in the precipitation of intermetallic compounds \cite{degarmo} \\
\hline Aluminum Copper Alloy & Aluminum is one of the most versatile, economical, and attractive metallic materials; these alloys are most valuable for their high strength and corrosion resistance \cite{ahmad} \\
\hline Ceramic with Polyamide Coating & Polyamide coatings afford materials durability, thermal properties, chemical resistance, electrical properties, and abrasion and chemical resistance \\
\hline Amdry, Inconel 718 & High-strength corrosion-resistant nickel chromium material; age-hardened, post-weld crack resistant, and has good tensile, fatigue, creep, and rupture strength properties \cite{specialmetals} \\
\hline Stainless Steel & Notable for its corrosion and oxidation resistance; comes with various finishes to suit the applicable environment \cite{british} \\
\hline Neodymium Magnet & Strongest permanent commercial magnet available; graded according to maximum energy product (Joules per cubic meter); sintered neodymium generally not corrosion resistant \cite{fraden, wisegeek, warren} \\
\hline Hot Work Tool Steel Cubes & Group of steels used to cut or shape material at high temperatures; good hot hardness and toughness and fair wear resistance due to substantial amounts of carbide \cite{reardon} \\
\hline O-1 Tool Steel & Part of the cold work, oil-hardening tool steels group; used to materials at low temperatures possessing high hardenability and wear resistance along with average toughness and heat softening resistance \cite{machinery} \\
\hline Unknown Tensile Specimens & EDX analysis suggests that this unknown specimen is iron-chromium \\
\hline Unknown Mounted Specimens & EDX analysis suggests that this unknown specimen is silumin (aluminum-silicon alloy) \\ \hline
\caption{Analyzed Material Descriptions} \end{longtable} \end{center}
\end{document}
答案1
我认为，如果您 (a) 使用“raggedright”而不是居中对齐，并且 (b) 使用单倍行距，表格看起来会好得多。此外，请检查您所说的“表格适合页面宽度”的正确性。在我的计算中（如下面的代码所示），列的宽度必须严格小于 8 厘米。
哦，请注意longtable环境会自动居中——无需将它们包裹在center环境中。
\documentclass[12pt, oneside]{article}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{letterpaper,left=1.5in,right=1in,vmargin=1in}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\renewcommand{\labelitemi}{--}
\usepackage [english]{babel}
\usepackage [autostyle, english = american]{csquotes}
\MakeOuterQuote{"}
\usepackage{floatrow}
\floatsetup[table]{capposition=top}
\floatsetup[figure]{capposition=top}
\DeclareCaptionFont{xipt}{\fontsize{11}{13}\mdseries}
\usepackage[font=xipt]{caption}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}
\renewcommand\tabularxcolumn[1]{m{#1}}
\usepackage[title,titletoc]{appendix}
\renewcommand{\appendixpagename}{\centering Appendices}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\newcommand{\dd}[1]{\mathrm{d}#1}
\usepackage{enumerate}
\usepackage[nottoc]{tocbibind}
%%%\usepackage{caption}
\captionsetup{justification=centerlast}
\usepackage{setspace}
\setstretch{1.6}
\usepackage{color,soul,ragged2e}
\setlength\extrarowheight{2pt}
\usepackage{longtable}
\graphicspath{ {Images/} }
% Calculate width of columns in 'longtable'
% Width of "letterpaper" page is 8.5"
\newlength\mylen
\setlength\mylen{3in} % 3" = (8.5"-1"-1.5")/2
\addtolength\mylen{\dimexpr-2\tabcolsep-1.5\arrayrulewidth\relax}
\begin{document}
\begin{singlespacing} % optional but recommended
\begin{longtable}{|*{2}{>{\RaggedRight\arraybackslash}p{\mylen}|}}
\hline
\textbf{Material} & \textbf{Description} \\
\hline
\endhead
\hline
\caption{Analyzed Material Descriptions}
\endlastfoot
Nickel Titanium Alloy (50/50) Thin Walls & Otherwise known as Nitinol; exhibits shape memory effect--ability to undergo deformation and resume original shape above "transformation temperature"--and super elasticity \cite{borges} \\
\hline
Maraging Steel & Group of steels that possesses superior strength and toughness without losing malleability; this is due to aging, which incorporates heat treatment resulting in the precipitation of intermetallic compounds \cite{degarmo} \\
\hline
Aluminum Copper Alloy & Aluminum is one of the most versatile, economical, and attractive metallic materials; these alloys are most valuable for their high strength and corrosion resistance \cite{ahmad} \\
\hline
Ceramic with Polyamide Coating & Polyamide coatings afford materials durability, thermal properties, chemical resistance, electrical properties, and abrasion and chemical resistance \\
\hline
Amdry, Inconel 718 & High-strength corrosion-resistant nickel chromium material; age-hardened, post-weld crack resistant, and has good tensile, fatigue, creep, and rupture strength properties \cite{specialmetals} \\
\hline
Stainless Steel & Notable for its corrosion and oxidation resistance; comes with various finishes to suit the applicable environment \cite{british} \\
\hline
Neodymium Magnet & Strongest permanent commercial magnet available; graded according to maximum energy product (Joules per cubic meter); sintered neodymium generally not corrosion resistant \cite{fraden, wisegeek, warren} \\
\hline
Hot Work Tool Steel Cubes & Group of steels used to cut or shape material at high temperatures; good hot hardness and toughness and fair wear resistance due to substantial amounts of carbide \cite{reardon} \\
\hline
O-1 Tool Steel & Part of the cold work, oil-hardening tool steels group; used to materials at low temperatures possessing high hardenability and wear resistance along with average toughness and heat softening resistance \cite{machinery} \\
\hline
Unknown Tensile Specimens & EDX analysis suggests that this unknown specimen is iron-chromium \\
\hline Unknown Mounted Specimens & EDX analysis suggests that this unknown specimen is silumin (aluminum-silicon alloy) \\
\end{longtable}
\end{singlespacing}
\end{document}
答案2
我个人会使用ltablex（制作tabularx一个“longtable”），然后是tabularx列（无论你想使用tabularx哪种方式）。这是输出的图片（带有showframe，因此你可以看到它适合边距）：
\documentclass[12pt, oneside]{article} % use "amsart" instead of "article" for AMSLaTeX format
\usepackage{geometry} % See geometry.pdf to learn the layout options. There are lots.
\geometry{letterpaper}
\geometry{left=1.5in, right=1in, top=1in, bottom=1in,showframe} % ... or a4paper or a5paper or ...
%\geometry{landscape} % Activate for rotated page geometry
\usepackage{graphicx} % Use pdf, png, jpg, or eps§ with pdflatex; use eps in DVI mode
% TeX will automatically convert eps --> pdf in pdflatex
\usepackage{amssymb}
\renewcommand{\labelitemi}{--}
\usepackage [english]{babel}
\usepackage [autostyle, english = american]{csquotes}
\MakeOuterQuote{"}
\usepackage{floatrow}
\floatsetup[table]{capposition=top}
\floatsetup[figure]{capposition=top}
\DeclareCaptionFont{xipt}{\fontsize{11}{13}\mdseries}
\usepackage[font=xipt]{caption}
\usepackage{ltablex}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}
\renewcommand\tabularxcolumn[1]{m{#1}}
\usepackage[title,titletoc]{appendix}
\renewcommand{\appendixpagename}{\centering Appendices}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\newcommand{\dd}[1]{\mathrm{d}#1}
\usepackage{enumerate}
\usepackage[nottoc]{tocbibind}
\usepackage{caption}
\captionsetup{justification=centerlast}
\usepackage{setspace}
\setstretch{1.6}
\usepackage{color,soul}
\graphicspath{ {Images/} }
\begin{document}
\begingroup\renewcommand\tabularxcolumn[1]{p{#1}}
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{|*{2}{C|}}
\hline \textbf{Material} & \textbf{Description} \\
\hline Nickel Titanium Alloy (50/50) Thin Walls & Otherwise known as Nitinol; exhibits shape memory effect--ability to undergo deformation and resume original shape above "transformation temperature"--and super elasticity \cite{borges} \\
\hline Maraging Steel & Group of steels that possesses superior strength and toughness without losing malleability; this is due to aging, which incorporates heat treatment resulting in the precipitation of intermetallic compounds \cite{degarmo} \\
\hline Aluminum Copper Alloy & Aluminum is one of the most versatile, economical, and attractive metallic materials; these alloys are most valuable for their high strength and corrosion resistance \cite{ahmad} \\
\hline Ceramic with Polyamide Coating & Polyamide coatings afford materials durability, thermal properties, chemical resistance, electrical properties, and abrasion and chemical resistance \\
\hline Amdry, Inconel 718 & High-strength corrosion-resistant nickel chromium material; age-hardened, post-weld crack resistant, and has good tensile, fatigue, creep, and rupture strength properties \cite{specialmetals} \\
\hline Stainless Steel & Notable for its corrosion and oxidation resistance; comes with various finishes to suit the applicable environment \cite{british} \\
\hline Neodymium Magnet & Strongest permanent commercial magnet available; graded according to maximum energy product (Joules per cubic meter); sintered neodymium generally not corrosion resistant \cite{fraden, wisegeek, warren} \\
\hline Hot Work Tool Steel Cubes & Group of steels used to cut or shape material at high temperatures; good hot hardness and toughness and fair wear resistance due to substantial amounts of carbide \cite{reardon} \\
\hline O-1 Tool Steel & Part of the cold work, oil-hardening tool steels group; used to materials at low temperatures possessing high hardenability and wear resistance along with average toughness and heat softening resistance \cite{machinery} \\
\hline Unknown Tensile Specimens & EDX analysis suggests that this unknown specimen is iron-chromium \\
\hline Unknown Mounted Specimens & EDX analysis suggests that this unknown specimen is silumin (aluminum-silicon alloy) \\ \hline
\caption{Analyzed Material Descriptions} \end{tabularx}\endgroup
\end{document}