我正在尝试绘制一个对立的正方形（一种旧的逻辑结构），并在一些边缘处添加两行文本。当我运行下面的代码时，“一些”和“并非全部”之间的线会以非常烦人的方式倾斜。我不确定如何解决这个问题。
我尝试在“Every”下方添加一行，\vspace*{1\baselineskip}但不起作用。而且看起来很奇怪。我还尝试将 I（“Some”）的位置指定为“left of=O”，其中 O 表示“并非全部”，但它将“some”向中心倾斜。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,arrows,calc}
\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{document}
% based on code in http://www.actual.world/resources/tex/doc/TikZ.pdf
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=4cm]
\node (A) {\begin{tabular}{c} \textbf{Every} \\ \end{tabular}};
\node (E) [right=of A, xshift=2cm] {\begin{tabular}{c} \textbf{No} \\ every(not(...)) \end{tabular}};
\node (O) [below=of E] {\begin{tabular}{c} \textbf{Not every} \\ not(every(...))\end{tabular}};
\node (I) [below=of A] {\begin{tabular}{c} \textbf{Some} \\ not(every(not(...)) \end{tabular}};
\coordinate (CENTER) at ($(A)!0.5!(O)$);
\node (contra) at (CENTER) {\begin{tabular}{c}Contradictories\\ \tiny{cannot both be true and cannot both be false} \end{tabular}};
\path[<->] (A) edge node[] {\begin{tabular}{c}Contraries\\ \tiny{cannot both be true but can both be false} \end{tabular}} (E);
\path[<->] (I) edge node[] {\begin{tabular}{c}Subcontraries\\ \tiny{cannot both be false but can both be true}\end{tabular}} (O);
\path[->] (A) edge node[rotate=90] {\begin{tabular}{c}Subalterns\\ \tiny{must be true if superaltern is true}\end{tabular}} (I);
\path[->] (E) edge node[rotate=-90] {\begin{tabular}{c}Subalterns\\ \tiny{must be true if superaltern is true}\end{tabular}} (O);
\path[->] (contra) edge (A);
\path[->] (contra) edge (E);
\path[->] (contra) edge (I);
\path[->] (contra) edge (O);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案1
节点A和E不具有相同的高度，则定位O和I会below=of ...产生下部节点的错位。
我建议先放置I，below=of A然后再放置O，at (I-|E)这样所有节点将水平和垂直对齐。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,arrows,calc}
\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{document}
% based on code in http://www.actual.world/resources/tex/doc/TikZ.pdf
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=4cm]
\node (A) {\begin{tabular}{c} \textbf{Every} \\ \end{tabular}};
\node (E) [right=of A, xshift=2cm] {\begin{tabular}{c} \textbf{No} \\ every(not(...)) \end{tabular}};
\node (I) [below=of A] {\begin{tabular}{c} \textbf{Some} \\ not(every(not(...)) \end{tabular}};
\node (O) at (I-|E) {\begin{tabular}{c} \textbf{Not every} \\ not(every(...))\end{tabular}};
\coordinate (CENTER) at ($(A)!0.5!(O)$);
\node (contra) at (CENTER) {\begin{tabular}{c}Contradictories\\ \tiny{cannot both be true and cannot both be false} \end{tabular}};
\path[<->] (A) edge node[] {\begin{tabular}{c}Contraries\\ \tiny{cannot both be true but can both be false} \end{tabular}} (E);
\path[<->] (I) edge node[] {\begin{tabular}{c}Subcontraries\\ \tiny{cannot both be false but can both be true}\end{tabular}} (O);
\path[->] (A) edge node[rotate=90] {\begin{tabular}{c}Subalterns\\ \tiny{must be true if superaltern is true}\end{tabular}} (I);
\path[->] (E) edge node[rotate=-90] {\begin{tabular}{c}Subalterns\\ \tiny{must be true if superaltern is true}\end{tabular}} (O);
\path[->] (contra) edge (A);
\path[->] (contra) edge (E);
\path[->] (contra) edge (I);
\path[->] (contra) edge (O);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案2
与您的 MWE 相比的变化：
- 定义新的节点距离（并消除
xshift节点E） - 主节点已定义
minimum height=3em，因此水平线是直的 - 增加字体大小，以便
\tiny于\scriptsize阅读 - 删除了
\tabular节点中的环境，而是使用align=center每个节点的选项 - 对于箭头使用库
arrows.meta（个人喜好问题）
上述变化的结果是 MWE 更加简洁，具有所需的功能 :-) ：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, calc, positioning}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
% based on code in http://www.actual.world/resources/tex/doc/TikZ.pdf
\begin{tikzpicture}[
> = {Straight Barb[length=1mm]},
node distance = 5cm and 7cm,
mn/.style = {minimum height=3em}, % mn: main nodes
every node/.style = {align=center},
every edge quotes/.style={auto}
]
\node (A) [mn] {\textbf{Every}};
\node (E) [mn,right=of A] {\textbf{No} \\ every(not(...))};
\node (O) [mn,below=of E] {\textbf{Not every}\\ not(every(...))};
\node (I) [mn,below=of A] {\textbf{Some}\\ not(every(not(...))};
\coordinate (CENTER) at ($(A)!0.5!(O)$);
\node (contra) [mn] at (CENTER) {Contradictories\\
\scriptsize cannot both be true and
cannot both be false};
\draw[<->] (A) edge node {Contraries\\
\scriptsize cannot both be true
and cannot both be false} (E)
(I) edge node {Subcontraries\\
\scriptsize cannot both be false
but can both be true} (O);
\draw[->] (A) edge node[rotate=90]
{Subalterns\\
\scriptsize must be true if
superaltern is true} (I)
(E) edge node[align=center, rotate=-90]
{Subalterns\\
\scriptsize must be true if
superaltern is true} (O);
\draw[->] (contra) edge (A)
(contra) edge (E)
(contra) edge (I)
(contra) edge (O);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}