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使用 newcommand 在 tabularx 中创建多列

tag-icon • tag-icon macros tabularx multicolumn
使用 newcommand 在 tabularx 中创建多列

在下面的示例表中，我希望第一行的列标题分别跨越三个单元格。但它们只包含在一个单元格中。如果有人能帮助解决这个问题，我将不胜感激。

\documentclass[11pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{tabulary,tcolorbox,xcolor,tabularx,siunitx,booktabs}
\sisetup{add-decimal-zero = true,add-integer-zero = true,round-integer-to-decimal,round-mode = places,round-precision=1,}
\newcommand{\mcx}[3]{\multicolumn{3}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}{#1}}
\newcommand{\mcone}[1]{\multicolumn{1}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}{#1}}
\date{\today}
\title{Testing multicolumn commands}
\begin{document}

\maketitle
\begin{table}[htbp]
\caption{\label{tab:orga246370}
Caption of my table}
\centering
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{l*6S[table-format=2.1,round-precision=1]}
\toprule
States & \mcx{Proportion of households with two cars} &  &  & \mcx{Proportion of households with three cars} &  & \\
 & \mcone{1991} & \mcone{2002} & \mcone{2012} & \mcone{1991} & \mcone{2002} & \mcone{2012}\\
\midrule
Punjab & 12.7 & 9.7 & 11 & 19.2 & 18.7 & 26.1\\
Bihar & 6.9 & 12.3 & 17.1 & 5.5 & 12 & 22.5\\
India & 9.3 & 8 & 10.3 & 8.7 & 6.7 & 11.1\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}
\end{document}

答案1

enter image description here

变化：

  • 的定义\mcx。它只有一个参数（用于单元格内容）和三个单元格的宽度。宽度计算如下\dimexpr ...
  • 在第一行（带有\mcx单元格）中删除多余的“与”符号（中间\mcx只能有一个）
  • 离题：我将单词“states”移到第二行（但如果不喜欢这样，你可以简单地返回到第一行）

\documentclass[11pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{booktabs, tabularx, tabulary}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}
\usepackage{tcolorbox} 
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage[add-decimal-zero = true,
            add-integer-zero = true,
            round-integer-to-decimal,
            round-mode = places,
            round-precision=1]{siunitx}
\newcommand{\mcx}[1]{\multicolumn{3}{>{\hsize=\dimexpr3\hsize+4\tabcolsep\relax}C}{#1}}
\newcommand{\mcone}[1]{\multicolumn{1}{C}{#1}}
\date{\today}
\title{Testing multicolumn commands}

\begin{document}
\maketitle

\begin{table}[htbp]
\caption{\label{tab:orga246370}
Caption of my table}
\centering
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{l*{6}{S[table-format=2.1]}}
\toprule
        & \mcx{Proportion of households with two cars}
            & \mcx{Proportion of households with three cars}    \\
    \cmidrule(lr){2-4}\cmidrule(lr){5-7}
States  & \mcone{1991} & \mcone{2002} & \mcone{2012}
        & \mcone{1991} & \mcone{2002} & \mcone{2012}            \\
    \midrule
Punjab  & 12.7  & 9.7   & 11    & 19.2  & 18.7  & 26.1          \\
Bihar   & 6.9   & 12.3  & 17.1  & 5.5   & 12    & 22.5          \\
India   & 9.3   & 8     & 10.3  & 8.7   & 6.7   & 11.1          \\
    \bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}
\end{document}

编辑：

在定义多列单元格\multicolumn时tabularx，考虑列类型X时tabularx仅考虑单元格内容的最大宽度，而不考虑单元格的宽度。换句话说

\multicolumn{2}{>{\hsize=2\hsize}X}{...}

不考虑tabcolsep这两列中的所有空格，因此multicolumn单元格较窄，只有四个空格tabcolsep。因此，在“\newcommand\mcx{...}”的定义中（通过更简单的排版表）在上面定义姆韦作为

\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}% definition of `C`
\newcommand{\mcx}[1]{\multicolumn{3}{>{\hsize=\dimexpr3\hsize %width of 3 cells without \tabcolsep
                                     + 6\tabcolsep\relax}% added width of all `tabcolep spaces in merged cells
                                      C}{#1}}

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