换句话说，问题是：为什么日志输出会抱怨源代码输入中未给出的字符？
让我们得到十六进制
这里使用 UTF-8 十六进制表示，因为我的文件使用以 UTF-8 编码的 unicode 字符。因此我使用xelatex和fontspec进行排版。
源代码输入分析
从这里可以看出5c（反斜杠）后面跟着5e（抑扬音符).utf-8编码源代码16进制表示相关部分：
00000a0: 7d0a 5c5e 320a 5c65 6e64 7b64 6f63 756d }.\^2.\end{docum
日志输出分析
这里可以看到输入源代码对应的错误导致了错误，即该字符82 毫升（结合抑扬符) 缺失（UTF-8 有多字节字符）。
0004d40: 6163 7465 723a 2054 6865 7265 2069 7320 acter: There is
0004d50: 6e6f 20cc 8220 696e 2066 6f6e 7420 5b2e no .. in font [.
例子
使用 Verdana.ttf 重现该问题，尽管我使用了不同的字体，但由于法律原因我不允许在这里分享。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmainfont[
Path = ../../Resources/Fonts/ ,
Extension = .ttf ,
UprightFont = *,
]{Verdana}
\begin{document}
\^2
\end{document}
终端输出
This is XeTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-0.99998 (TeX Live 2017) (preloaded format=xelatex)
restricted \write18 enabled.
entering extended mode
(./JiraCircumflexIsolated.tex
LaTeX2e <2017-04-15>
Babel <3.13> and hyphenation patterns for 84 language(s) loaded.
(/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls
Document Class: article 2014/09/29 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class
(/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo)) (/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/tex/latex/fontspec/fontspec.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3kernel/expl3.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3kernel/expl3-code.tex) (/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3kernel/l3xdvipdfmx.def)) (/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3packages/xparse/xparse.sty) (/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/tex/latex/fontspec/fontspec-xetex.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/fontenc.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/tuenc.def)) (/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/tex/latex/fontspec/fontspec.cfg))) (./JiraCircumflexIsolated.aux) [1] (./JiraCircumflexIsolated.aux) )
(see the transcript file for additional information)
Output written on JiraCircumflexIsolated.pdf (1 page).
Transcript written on JiraCircumflexIsolated.log.
日志输出
This is XeTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-0.99998 (TeX Live 2017) (preloaded format=xelatex 2017.10.4) 18 OCT 2017 10:41
entering extended mode
restricted \write18 enabled.
%&-line parsing enabled.
**JiraCircumflexIsolated.tex
(./JiraCircumflexIsolated.tex
LaTeX2e <2017-04-15>
Babel <3.13> and hyphenation patterns for 84 language(s) loaded.
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File: size10.clo 2014/09/29 v1.4h Standard LaTeX file (size option)
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LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathit' in version `bold'
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LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathsf' in version `bold'
(Font) OT1/cmss/bx/n --> TU/lmss/bx/n on input line 8.
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathtt' in version `bold'
(Font) OT1/cmtt/m/n --> TU/lmtt/bx/n on input line 8.
Missing character: There is no ̂ in font [../../Resources/Fonts/Verdana.ttf]/OT:script=latn;language=DFLT;mapping=tex-text;!
[1
] (./JiraCircumflexIsolated.aux) )
Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:
10048 strings out of 492998
234670 string characters out of 6134491
301486 words of memory out of 5000000
14072 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000
530312 words of font info for 27 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000
1348 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191
35i,4n,65p,10375b,236s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,200000b,80000s
Output written on JiraCircumflexIsolated.pdf (1 page).
笔记
- TeX Live 2017
xelatexfontspec- Verdana 字体
答案1
根据常见的 TeX.Stackexchange Crew 的有用评论，我想出了这个。
这里的文档fontspec不是特别强大 - 可能是因为它很复杂并且涉及其他组件 - 所以我不得不通过反复试验来完成此操作。
使其发挥作用的步骤
- 删除 Verdana，因为它没有所需的抑扬符。我刚刚在一个充满字体的目录中找到了它
otfinfo -u * | grep 005E - 使用以下显着名称声明我自己的 unicode 编码
\DeclareUnicodeEncoding \^将原本代表组合脱字符的设置为代表脱字符。fontspec使用键 NFSSEncoding在字体定义中应用此编码。
代码
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\makeatletter
\DeclareUnicodeEncoding{preventcombinedcircumflex}{
\input{tuenc.def}% adds U+00A0 in the case of empty args \^{}
\EncodingAccent{\^}{"005E}
}%
\makeatother
\setmainfont[
Path = ../../Resources/Fonts/ ,
Extension = .otf ,
UprightFont = *-Roman,
NFSSEncoding= preventcombinedcircumflex,
]{SomeTypefaceThatHasNoCombinedCircumflexAndOnlyCircumFlex}
\begin{document}
\^2
\end{document}
警告
在我的项目中，我无意中产生了一个不可中断的空格 U+00A0 (utf-8 hex c2a0)，我的字体也不支持这个空格。这是由文件中的定义引起的tuenc.def。
\def\add@unicode@accent#1#2{%
\if\relax\detokenize{#2}\relax^^a0\else#2\fi
\char#1\relax}
修复方法可以在这里找到：为什么当我使用自定义编码 \DeclareUnicodeEncoding 将脱字符 \^ 后跟 {} 时，它会映射到不可断开的空格 U+00A0？
笔记
xunicode.sty定义\^为\DeclareEncodedCompositeCharacter{\UTFencname}{\^}{0302}{02C6} % Combining circumflex accent