我正在使用 biblatex，我想改变类型专利的格式。
我查看了驱动程序，首先我想知道为什么日期在驱动程序中，但没有显示在条目中。我还尝试更改持有人和作者的顺序，但这不知何故不起作用。有没有一本好的手册解释如何调整驱动程序？
附件中您可以找到一个最小工作示例，其中展示了专利目前的呈现方式，并附有一个我希望得到的示例。
谢谢您的帮助。
\RequirePackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@Patent{Murata2007,
author = {Murata, Yutaka and Ogawa, Masao},
title = {Sitzkonstruktion für ein Motorrad},
number = {DE602004003996T2},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-05-10},
holder = {{HONDA MOTOR LTD.}},
type = {patentde},
}
\end{filecontents}
\documentclass[a4paper,11pt,DIV=calc, titlepage]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage[%
left=4cm,right=2.5cm,top=2.0cm,bottom=2cm,
includeheadfoot
]{geometry}
\usepackage[babel, german=quotes]{csquotes}
\usepackage[%
style=authoryear-ibid,
natbib=true,
maxbibnames=3,
maxcitenames=2,
uniquelist=false,
uniquename=false,
backend=biber
]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\usepackage[hidelinks]{hyperref}
\renewcommand*{\mkbibnamefamily}[1]{\textsc{#1}} %Zitat und Lit in Kapitätlchen
\DefineBibliographyStrings{ngerman}{ % et al instead of "und" with 3 or more authors
andothers = {{et\,al\adddot}}, }
\renewcommand{\multinamedelim}{\addsemicolon\space} % <=================
%\renewcommand{\finalnamedelim}{\multinamedelim} % <=====================
\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{family-given} %Sort: Last name, first name
\DeclareNameAlias{default}{family-given} %Sort: Last name, first name
\DeclareFieldFormat[%
article,inbook,incollection,inproceedings,patent,thesis,unpublished,
report, norm, phdthesis, other, misc
]{citetitle}{#1} %Remove quotation marks from title
\DeclareFieldFormat[%
article,inbook,incollection,inproceedings,patent,thesis,unpublished,
report, norm, phdthesis, other, misc
]{title}{#1} %Remove quotation marks from title
%Driver for patent:
%------------
\DeclareBibliographyDriver{patent}{%
\usebibmacro{bibindex}%
\usebibmacro{begentry}%
\usebibmacro{author}%
\setunit{\printdelim{nametitledelim}}\newblock
\usebibmacro{title}%
\newunit
\printlist{language}%
\newunit\newblock
\usebibmacro{byauthor}%
\newunit\newblock
\printfield{type}%
\setunit*{\addspace}%
\printfield{number}%
\iflistundef{location}
{}
{\setunit*{\addspace}%
\printtext[parens]{%
\printlist[][-\value{listtotal}]{location}}}%
\newunit\newblock
\usebibmacro{byholder}%
\newunit\newblock
\printfield{note}%
\newunit\newblock
\usebibmacro{date}% The date is here, but it is not displayed
\newunit\newblock
\usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
\newunit\newblock
\usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
\setunit{\bibpagerefpunct}\newblock
\usebibmacro{pageref}%
\newunit\newblock
\iftoggle{bbx:related}
{\usebibmacro{related:init}%
\usebibmacro{related}}
{}%
\usebibmacro{finentry}}
%--------------
\DeclareCiteCommand{\fullcite}
{\usebibmacro{prenote}}
{\usedriver
{\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}}
{\thefield{entrytype}}}
{\multicitedelim}
{\usebibmacro{postnote}\adddot} % <===================================
%Fullcite change: Write out all authors up to 3
\preto\fullcite{\AtNextCite{\defcounter{maxnames}{3}}}
\begin{document}
The patent using \textbackslash fullcite and in the bibliography should look like this:\\
HONDA MOTOR LTD. (2007). Sitzkonstruktion für ein Motorrad. Erfinder: Murata, Yutaka \& Ogawa Masao. Dt. Pat. DE602004003996T2. Date published: 10.05.2007\\
Fullcite:\\
\fullcite{Murata2007}\\\\
\begingroup
\phantomsection\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Literaturverzeichnis}
\printbibliography[title={Literaturverzeichnis}]
\endgroup
\end{document}
答案1
您正在使用系列样式authoryear，该系列样式提供了一个名为的样式选项mergedate。此选项在biblatex手动的，这里只是顺便提到。您可以在样式示例中找到更明确的解释51-style-authoryear-ibid。默认设置是，mergedate=compact并且对于 3.7 版，biblatex将产生您得到的输出（输出实际上与早期版本和记录的行为不一致，这将在biblatex3.8中解决，其中mergedate选项经过彻底检查并为新的日期功能做好准备）。mergedate=compact重新定义 bibmacrodate以不打印任何内容，这就是为什么即使明确调用该宏也不会得到日期输出的原因。
您似乎想要等于mergedate=basic(或mergedate=minimum)。因此我将使用这个。
其他更改稍微复杂一些。附加到 a 的“主要名称”@patent通常是authors 而不是holder。因此，要将 用作holder主要名称，我们需要进行大量高级重新定义。我们需要将排序更改为按holder而不是进行排序author，labelname以考虑holder等。
\RequirePackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@Patent{Murata2007,
author = {Murata, Yutaka and Ogawa, Masao},
title = {Sitzkonstruktion für ein Motorrad},
number = {DE602004003996T2},
date = {2007-05-10},
holder = {{HONDA MOTOR LTD.}},
type = {patentde},
}
@Patent{Murata2008,
author = {Awa, Masao and Murata, Yutaka},
title = {Sitzkonstruktion für ein Motorrad},
number = {DE60wsetesewettew2},
date = {2008-05-10},
holder = {{HONDA MOTOR LTD.}},
type = {patentde},
}
\end{filecontents}
\documentclass[a4paper,11pt,DIV=calc, titlepage, bibtotoc]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage[%
left=4cm,right=2.5cm,top=2.0cm,bottom=2cm,
includeheadfoot
]{geometry}
\usepackage[babel, german=quotes]{csquotes}
\usepackage[%
style=authoryear-ibid,
mergedate=basic,
natbib=true,
maxbibnames=3,
maxcitenames=2,
uniquelist=false,
uniquename=false,
backend=biber
]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}
\usepackage[hidelinks]{hyperref}
\renewcommand*{\mkbibnamefamily}[1]{\textsc{#1}}
\DefineBibliographyStrings{ngerman}{
andothers = {{et\,al\adddot}},
}
\renewcommand{\multinamedelim}{\addsemicolon\space}
%\renewcommand{\finalnamedelim}{\multinamedelim}
\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{family-given}
\DeclareNameAlias{default}{family-given}
\DeclareFieldFormat[%
article,inbook,incollection,inproceedings,patent,thesis,unpublished,
report, norm, phdthesis, other, misc
]{citetitle}{#1}
\DeclareFieldFormat[%
article,inbook,incollection,inproceedings,patent,thesis,unpublished,
report, norm, phdthesis, other, misc
]{title}{#1}
\DeclareSortingScheme{nyt}{
\sort{
\field{presort}
}
\sort[final]{
\field{sortkey}
}
\sort{
\field{sortname}
\field{holder}
\field{author}
\field{editor}
\field{translator}
\field{sorttitle}
\field{title}
}
\sort{
\field{sortyear}
\field{year}
}
\sort{
\field{sorttitle}
\field{title}
}
\sort{
\field{volume}
\literal{0}
}
}
\NewBibliographyString{inventor}
\NewBibliographyString{inventors}
\DefineBibliographyStrings{german}{%
inventor = {Erfinder},
inventors = {Erfinder},
}
\newbibmacro*{inventor}{%
\ifnameundef{author}
{}
{\ifnumgreater{\value{author}}{1}
{\bibstring{inventors}}
{\bibstring{inventor}}%
\setunit{\addcolon\space}%
\printnames{author}}}
\makeatletter
\DeclareLabelname[patent]{%
\field{holder}
\field{shortauthor}
\field{author}
\field{shorteditor}
\field{editor}
\field{translator}
}
\newbibmacro{holder}{%
\ifnameundef{holder}
{\global\undef\bbx@lasthash}
{\usebibmacro{bbx:dashcheck}
{\bibnamedash}
{\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}%
\printnames{holder}
\setunit{\printdelim{nameyeardelim}}}}%
\usebibmacro{date+extrayear}%
}
\DeclareBibliographyDriver{patent}{%
\usebibmacro{bibindex}%
\usebibmacro{begentry}%
\usebibmacro{holder}%
\setunit{\printdelim{nametitledelim}}\newblock
\usebibmacro{title}%
\newunit
\printlist{language}%
\newunit\newblock
\usebibmacro{inventor}%
\newunit\newblock
\printfield{type}%
\setunit*{\addspace}%
\printfield{number}%
\iflistundef{location}
{}
{\setunit*{\addspace}%
\printtext[parens]{%
\printlist[][-\value{listtotal}]{location}}}%
\newunit\newblock
\printfield{note}%
\newunit\newblock
\usebibmacro{date}%
\newunit\newblock
\usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
\newunit\newblock
\usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
\setunit{\bibpagerefpunct}\newblock
\usebibmacro{pageref}%
\newunit\newblock
\iftoggle{bbx:related}
{\usebibmacro{related:init}%
\usebibmacro{related}}
{}%
\usebibmacro{finentry}}
\DeclareCiteCommand{\fullcite}
{\usebibmacro{prenote}}
{\usedriver
{\defcounter{maxnames}{\blx@maxbibnames}}
{\thefield{entrytype}}}
{\multicitedelim}
{\usebibmacro{postnote}\addperiod}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\tableofcontents
The patent using \textbackslash fullcite and in the bibliography should look like this:\\
HONDA MOTOR LTD. (2007). Sitzkonstruktion für ein Motorrad. Erfinder: Murata, Yutaka \& Ogawa Masao. Dt. Pat. DE602004003996T2. Date published: 10.05.2007\\
Fullcite:\\
\fullcite{Murata2007}
\cite{sigfridsson,knuth:ct:a}
\cite{Murata2007,Murata2008}
\printbibliography[title={Literaturverzeichnis}]
\end{document}
