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如何在 Windows 上使用 Miktex 包含对网站的引用？

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如何在 Windows 上使用 Miktex 包含对网站的引用？

我正在按照这个教程进行操作，https://www.latex-tutorial.com/tutorials/，学习一点乳胶。我无法弄清楚如何在参考书目中添加对网站的引用。我在 Windows 10 上使用 Texworks 编辑器，并且“模式”设置为pdflatex+makeindex+bibtex。因此，以下是我的乳胶代码的相关部分：

在hello_latex.tex文件中：

\documentclass{article}

\title{About cats}
\date{2013-11-20}
\author{name}

\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{graphicx} 
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{subcaption}

\begin{document}
    \newpage
%... a bunch of stuff
    \paragraph{} Here is an example of a citation embedded in text. Random citation \cite{BOOK:1} embedded in text.
    \paragraph{} Here is an example of an article citation. Yet another random citation \cite{ARTICLE:4} embedded in text.      
    \paragraph{} Here is an example of an "inbook" citation with page numbers mentioned. Another random citation \cite{INBOOK:3} embedded in text.
    \paragraph{} Here is example of a website citation. One more random citation \cite{example} embedded in text.

\newpage
    \bibliography{hello_latex}
    \bibliographystyle{ieeetr}
\end{document}

在hello_latex.bib文件中：

@BOOK{BOOK:1,
AUTHOR="John Doe",
TITLE="The Book without Title",
PUBLISHER="Dummy Publisher",
YEAR="2100",
}

@INBOOK{INBOOK:3,
AUTHOR="John Doe",
TITLE="The Book without Title",
PUBLISHER="Dummy Publisher",
YEAR="2100",
PAGES="100-200",
}

@ARTICLE{ARTICLE:4,
AUTHOR="John Doe",
TITLE="Title",
JOURNAL="Journal",
YEAR="2017",
}

@MISC{WEBSITE:1,
HOWPUBLISHED = "\url{http://example.com}",
AUTHOR = "Intel",
TITLE = "Example Website",
MONTH = "Dec",
YEAR = "1988",
NOTE = "Accessed on 2012-11-11"
}

我发现让引用工作对我来说非常难以预测。如果一次性添加整套引用，编译就会出错。因此，我不得不逐一重复该过程，才能让 BOOK、ARTICLE 和 INBOOK 引用工作，最后我甚至无法让 WEBSITE 引用工作。

控制台输出是一些我无法理解的警告。

Undefined control sequence.
l.19 Intel, ``Example website.'' \url
                                     {http://example.com}, Dec 1988.
LaTeX Warning: Citation `BOOK:2' on page 1 undefined on input line 28.
LaTeX Warning: Citation `BOOK:1' on page 7 undefined on input line 178.
LaTeX Warning: Citation `ARTICLE:4' on page 7 undefined on input line 179.
LaTeX Warning: Citation `INBOOK:3' on page 7 undefined on input line 180.
LaTeX Warning: Citation `WEBSITE:1' on page 7 undefined on input line 181.
LaTeX Warning: There were undefined references.
LaTeX Warning: Label(s) may have changed. Rerun to get cross-references right.
LaTeX Warning: Citation `BOOK:2' on page 1 undefined on input line 28.
LaTeX Warning: Citation `BOOK:1' on page 7 undefined on input line 178.
LaTeX Warning: Citation `ARTICLE:4' on page 7 undefined on input line 179.
LaTeX Warning: Citation `INBOOK:3' on page 7 undefined on input line 180.
LaTeX Warning: Citation `WEBSITE:1' on page 7 undefined on input line 181.

答案1

您的问题来自 bib 文件中的以下几行：

@MISC{WEBSITE:1,
  HOWPUBLISHED = "\url{http://example.com}",

命令仅\url在调用包后定义。您必须在序言中加载其中一个包。urlhyperref

此处的 bib 条目键在 TeX 代码中WEBSITE:1引用时不适用： 。将有效引用的键更改为： 。\cite{example}\cite{WEBSITE:1}

使用以下 MWE

\RequirePackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib}
@BOOK{BOOK:1,
  AUTHOR    = "John Doe",
  TITLE     = "The Book without Title",
  PUBLISHER = "Dummy Publisher",
  YEAR      = "2100",
}
@INBOOK{INBOOK:3,
  AUTHOR="John Doe",
  TITLE="The Book without Title",
  PUBLISHER="Dummy Publisher",
  YEAR="2100",
  PAGES="100-200",
}
@ARTICLE{ARTICLE:4,
  AUTHOR="John Doe",
  TITLE="Title",
  JOURNAL="Journal",
  YEAR="2017",
}
@MISC{WEBSITE:1,
  HOWPUBLISHED = "\url{http://example.com}",
  AUTHOR = "Intel",
  TITLE = "Example Website",
  MONTH = "Dec",
  YEAR = "1988",
  NOTE = "Accessed on 2012-11-11",
}
\end{filecontents*}


\documentclass{article}

\title{About cats}
\date{2013-11-20}
\author{name}

\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{graphicx} 
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{url} % <====================================================

\begin{document}
%... a bunch of stuff
\paragraph{} Here is an example of a citation embedded in text. Random 
citation \cite{BOOK:1} embedded in text.
\paragraph{} Here is an example of an article citation. Yet another 
random citation \cite{ARTICLE:4} embedded in text.      
\paragraph{} Here is an example of an "inbook" citation with page 
numbers mentioned. Another random citation \cite{INBOOK:3} embedded in 
text.
\paragraph{} Here is example of a website citation. One more random 
citation \cite{WEBSITE:1} embedded in text. % <===========================

\bibliographystyle{ieeetr}
\bibliography{\jobname}

\end{document}

编译时您将获得以下结果，且没有任何错误：

生成的 pdf

当然你必须用，，，pdflatex进行编译。bibtexpdflatexpdflatex

您的错误信息

l.19 Intel, ``Example website.'' \url
                                     {http://example.com}, Dec 1988.
LaTeX Warning: Citation `BOOK:2' on page 1 undefined on input line 28.

有两个原因：

  1. 如上所述，您需要加载包url或hyperrref获取定义的命令\url。
  2. 消息CitationBOOK:2' 在第 1 页未定义means that you missed to callbibtex hello_latex to get the bibliography filehello_latex.bbl . You can use the terminal/console to type and execute this command or check how your used editor invokesbibtex`（抱歉，我不使用您的编辑器，请检查它的文档）。

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