我有以下代码，我想让计数像 1,2,3 然后是 12（神经元的总数）。
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
\def\layersep{3cm}
\def\nodeinlayersep{1.5cm}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
shorten >=1pt,->,
draw=black!50,
node distance=\layersep,
every pin edge/.style={<-,shorten <=1pt},
neuron/.style={circle,draw=black!70,fill=white,minimum size=17pt,inner sep=0pt},
input neuron/.style={neuron, fill=gray!50,},
output neuron/.style={neuron, fill=gray!50},
hidden neuron/.style={neuron, fill=blue!50},
annot/.style={text width=4em, text centered},
bias/.style={neuron, fill=blue!33,minimum size=2.3em},%<-- added %%%
]
% Draw the input layer nodes
\foreach \name / \y in {1,...,3} {
\ifnum \y=1
\node[input neuron, pin=left:\textbf{\textit{n}}] (I-\name) at (0,-\y-2.5) {};
\else
\ifnum \y=2
\node[input neuron, pin=left:\textbf{\textit{m}}] (I-\name) at (0,-\y-2.5) {};
\else
\ifnum \y=3
\node[input neuron, pin=left:\textbf{\textit{U}}] (I-\name) at (0,-\y-2.5) {};
\else\fi
\fi
\fi
}
% set number of hidden layers
\newcommand\Nhidden{2}
% Draw the hidden layer nodes
\foreach \N in {0,...,\Nhidden} {
\foreach \y in {0,...,5} { % <-- added 0 instead of 1 %%%%%
\ifnum \y=4
\ifnum \N>0 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep) {$\vdots$};
\else\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\else
\ifnum \y=0 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\ifnum \N<3 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node[bias] (H\N-\y) at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep ) {Bias}; %<-- added
\else\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\else %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\ifnum \N>0 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node[hidden neuron,label=below:$^{\y}$] (H\N-\y) at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep ) {$\frac{1}{1+e^{-x}}$}; %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%
\else\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%
\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%
\fi
}
\ifnum \N>0 %<-- added %%%%%%
\node[annot,above of=H\N-1, node distance=1cm,yshift=2cm] (hl\N) {Hidden layer \N}; % <- added yshift=2cm %%%%%%%%%%%%
\else\fi %<-- added %%%%%
}
% Draw the output layer node
\node[output neuron,pin={[pin edge={->}]right:\textbf{\textit{E}}}, right of=H\Nhidden-3] (O) {};
% Connect every node in the input layer with every node in the
% hidden layer.
\foreach \source in {1,...,3}
\foreach \dest in {1,...,3,5} {
% \path[yellow] (H-0) edge (H1-\dest);
\path[dashed,blue!50] (H0-0) edge (H1-\dest); %<-- added %%%%%
\path[black!80] (I-\source) edge (H1-\dest);};
% connect all hidden stuff
\foreach [remember=\N as \lastN (initially 1)] \N in {2,...,\Nhidden}
\foreach \source in {0,...,3,5}
\foreach \dest in {1,...,3,5}{
\ifnum \source=0 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\path[dashed,blue!80](H\lastN-\source) edge (H\N-\dest);%<-- added
\else %<-- added %%%
\path[black!80] (H\lastN-\source) edge (H\N-\dest);%<-- added
\fi %<-- added %%%
}; %<-- added %%%%
% Connect every node in the hidden layer with the output layer
\foreach \source in {1,...,3,5}
\path[black!80] (H\Nhidden-\source) edge (O);
\path[dashed,blue!50] (H2-0) edge (O); %<-- added %%%%
% Annotate the layers
\node[annot,left of=hl1] {Input layer};
\node[annot,right of=hl\Nhidden] {Output layer};
\end{tikzpicture}
% End of code
\end{document}
我已经尝试使用条件\ifnum y<4，\else ifnum y=5但是没有作用。
答案1
我希望我正确理解了你的问题...
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\def\nodenum#1{%
\ifnum#1=5\relax%
1000%
\else%
#1%
\fi}%
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
\def\layersep{3cm}
\def\nodeinlayersep{1.5cm}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
shorten >=1pt,->,
draw=black!50,
node distance=\layersep,
every pin edge/.style={<-,shorten <=1pt},
neuron/.style={circle,draw=black!70,fill=white,minimum size=17pt,inner sep=0pt},
input neuron/.style={neuron, fill=gray!50,},
output neuron/.style={neuron, fill=gray!50},
hidden neuron/.style={neuron, fill=blue!50},
annot/.style={text width=4em, text centered},
bias/.style={neuron, fill=blue!33,minimum size=2.3em},%<-- added %%%
]
% Draw the input layer nodes
\foreach \name / \y in {1,...,3} {
\ifnum \y=1
\node[input neuron, pin=left:\textbf{\textit{n}}] (I-\name) at (0,-\y-2.5) {};
\else
\ifnum \y=2
\node[input neuron, pin=left:\textbf{\textit{m}}] (I-\name) at (0,-\y-2.5) {};
\else
\ifnum \y=3
\node[input neuron, pin=left:\textbf{\textit{U}}] (I-\name) at (0,-\y-2.5) {};
\else\fi
\fi
\fi
}
% set number of hidden layers
\newcommand\Nhidden{2}
% Draw the hidden layer nodes
\foreach \N in {0,...,\Nhidden} {
\foreach \y in {0,...,5} { % <-- added 0 instead of 1 %%%%%
\ifnum \y=4
\ifnum \N>0 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep) {$\vdots$};
\else\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\else
\ifnum \y=0 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\ifnum \N<3 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node[bias] (H\N-\y) at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep ) {Bias}; %<-- added
\else\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\else %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\ifnum \N>0 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\node[hidden neuron,label=below:$^{\nodenum{\y}}$] (H\N-\y) at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep ) {$\frac{1}{1+e^{-x}}$}; %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%
\else\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%
\fi %<-- added %%%%%%%
\fi
}
\ifnum \N>0 %<-- added %%%%%%
\node[annot,above of=H\N-1, node distance=1cm,yshift=2cm] (hl\N) {Hidden layer \N}; % <- added yshift=2cm %%%%%%%%%%%%
\else\fi %<-- added %%%%%
}
% Draw the output layer node
\node[output neuron,pin={[pin edge={->}]right:\textbf{\textit{E}}}, right of=H\Nhidden-3] (O) {};
% Connect every node in the input layer with every node in the
% hidden layer.
\foreach \source in {1,...,3}
\foreach \dest in {1,...,3,5} {
% \path[yellow] (H-0) edge (H1-\dest);
\path[dashed,blue!50] (H0-0) edge (H1-\dest); %<-- added %%%%%
\path[black!80] (I-\source) edge (H1-\dest);};
% connect all hidden stuff
\foreach [remember=\N as \lastN (initially 1)] \N in {2,...,\Nhidden}
\foreach \source in {0,...,3,5}
\foreach \dest in {1,...,3,5}{
\ifnum \source=0 %<-- added %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\path[dashed,blue!80](H\lastN-\source) edge (H\N-\dest);%<-- added
\else %<-- added %%%
\path[black!80] (H\lastN-\source) edge (H\N-\dest);%<-- added
\fi %<-- added %%%
}; %<-- added %%%%
% Connect every node in the hidden layer with the output layer
\foreach \source in {1,...,3,5}
\path[black!80] (H\Nhidden-\source) edge (O);
\path[dashed,blue!50] (H2-0) edge (O); %<-- added %%%%
% Annotate the layers
\node[annot,left of=hl1] {Input layer};
\node[annot,right of=hl\Nhidden] {Output layer};
\end{tikzpicture}
% End of code
\end{document}
答案2
我认为你把事情复杂化了。
我将在单独的循环中绘制偏置节点，这样就不需要那么多条件了。绘制隐藏层的循环的伪代码如下：
for i from 1 to <number of hidden layers>
for j from 1 to 5
if j = 4
draw dots
else
if j = 5
draw node with label 12
else
draw node with label j
注意：我还更改了绘制输入节点的循环。\ifnum我没有使用三个，而是使用了两个循环变量，\foreach \y/\txt in {1/n,2/u,3/U}，并在节点\txt中使用pin。
\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
\def\layersep{3cm}
\def\nodeinlayersep{1.5cm}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
shorten >=1pt,->,
draw=black!50,
node distance=\layersep,
every pin edge/.style={<-,shorten <=1pt},
neuron/.style={circle,draw=black!70,fill=white,minimum size=17pt,inner sep=0pt},
input neuron/.style={neuron, fill=gray!50,},
output neuron/.style={neuron, fill=gray!50},
hidden neuron/.style={neuron, fill=blue!50},
annot/.style={text width=4em, text centered},
bias/.style={neuron, fill=blue!33,minimum size=2.3em},%<-- added %%%
]
% Draw the input layer nodes
\foreach \y /\txt in {1/n,2/m,3/U} {
\node[input neuron, pin=left:\textbf{\textit{\txt}}] (I-\y) at (0,-\y-2.5) {};
}
% set number of hidden layers
\newcommand\Nhidden{2}
% draw bias nodes
\foreach \N in {0,...,\Nhidden}
\node[bias] (H\N-0) at (\N*\layersep,0) {Bias};
% Draw the hidden layer nodes
\foreach \N in {1,...,\Nhidden} {
\foreach \y in {1,...,5} {
\ifnum \y=4
\node at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep) {$\vdots$};
\else
\ifnum \y=5
\node[hidden neuron,label=below:$^{12}$] (H\N-\y) at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep ) {$\frac{1}{1+e^{-x}}$};
\else
\node[hidden neuron,label=below:$^{\y}$] (H\N-\y) at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep ) {$\frac{1}{1+e^{-x}}$};
\fi
\fi
}
\node[annot,above of=H\N-1, node distance=1cm,yshift=2cm] (hl\N) {Hidden layer \N};
}
% Draw the output layer node
\node[output neuron,pin={[pin edge={->}]right:\textbf{\textit{E}}}, right of=H\Nhidden-3] (O) {};
% Connect every node in the input layer with every node in the
% hidden layer.
\foreach \source in {1,...,3}
\foreach \dest in {1,...,3,5} {
\path[dashed,blue!50] (H0-0) edge (H1-\dest);
\path[black!80] (I-\source) edge (H1-\dest);};
% connect all hidden stuff
\foreach [remember=\N as \lastN (initially 1)] \N in {2,...,\Nhidden}
\foreach \source in {0,...,3,5}
\foreach \dest in {1,...,3,5}{
\ifnum \source=0
\path[dashed,blue!80](H\lastN-\source) edge (H\N-\dest);
\else
\path[black!80] (H\lastN-\source) edge (H\N-\dest);
\fi
}
% Connect every node in the hidden layer with the output layer
\foreach \source in {1,...,3,5}
\path[black!80] (H\Nhidden-\source) edge (O);
\path[dashed,blue!50] (H2-0) edge (O); %<-- added %%%%
% Annotate the layers
\node[annot,left of=hl1] {Input layer};
\node[annot,right of=hl\Nhidden] {Output layer};
\end{tikzpicture}
% End of code
\end{document}
附录
如果你确实想在同一个循环中添加偏差节点，你可以像下面这样进行。伪代码：
for i from 0 to <number of hidden layers>
draw bias node
if i > 0
for j from 1 to 5
if j = 4
draw dots
else
if j = 5
draw node with label 12
else
draw node with label j
真实代码：
% Draw the hidden layer nodes
\foreach \N in {0,...,\Nhidden} {
\node[bias] (H\N-0) at (\N*\layersep,0) {Bias};
\ifnum \N > 0
\foreach \y in {1,...,5} {
\ifnum \y=4
\node at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep) {$\vdots$};
\else
\ifnum \y=5
\node[hidden neuron,label=below:$^{12}$] (H\N-\y) at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep ) {$\frac{1}{1+e^{-x}}$};
\else
\node[hidden neuron,label=below:$^{\y}$] (H\N-\y) at (\N*\layersep,-\y*\nodeinlayersep ) {$\frac{1}{1+e^{-x}}$};
\fi
\fi
}
\node[annot,above of=H\N-1, node distance=1cm,yshift=2cm] (hl\N) {Hidden layer \N};
\fi
}