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tikz 中的标签如示例中所示

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tikz 中的标签如示例中所示

这是我上一个问题的后续：使用 vhdl 或其他语言定义框图。

有没有可能把标签放在正方形里？就像这样：

在此处输入图片描述

还可以在连接线上写一些文字吗？

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix, positioning, arrows.meta}
\newlength{\myheight}
\setlength{\myheight}{2.5cm}
\tikzset{labels/.style={font=\sffamily\scriptsize},
    circuit/.style={draw,minimum width=2cm,minimum height=\myheight,very thick,inner sep=1mm,outer sep=0pt,cap=round,font=\sffamily\bfseries},
    triangle 45/.tip={Triangle[angle=45:8pt]}
}

\begin{document}
    \begin{figure}[htb]
        \centering
        \begin{tikzpicture}[font=\sffamily,>=triangle 45]
        \node [circuit] (item) {Comp};
        \matrix[
            matrix of nodes, 
            left= of item, 
            row sep=\myheight/5,
            nodes={anchor=east}
            ] (rightmatr) { 
            A\\
            B\\
        };
        \matrix[
            matrix of nodes, 
            right= of item, 
            row sep=\myheight/6,
            nodes={anchor=west}
            ] (leftmatr) { 
            greater\\
            less\\
            equal\\
        };
        \foreach \i in {1,2}
            \draw [->] (rightmatr-\i-1) -- (rightmatr-\i-1 -| item.west);
        \foreach \i in {1,2,3}
            \draw [<-] (leftmatr-\i-1) -- (leftmatr-\i-1 -| item.east);
        \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{Entity of Comp}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

答案1

我会使用简单的 tikz 命令，例如：

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix, positioning, arrows.meta}
\newlength{\myheight}
\setlength{\myheight}{2.5cm}
\tikzset{labels/.style={font=\sffamily\scriptsize},
    circuit/.style={draw,minimum width=2cm,minimum height=\myheight,very thick,inner sep=1mm,outer sep=0pt,cap=round,font=\sffamily\bfseries},
    triangle 45/.tip={Triangle[angle=45:8pt]}
}

\begin{document}
    \begin{figure}[htb]
        \centering
        \begin{tikzpicture}[font=\sffamily,>=triangle 45]

          \path[draw,ultra thick] (0,0) node (A){} --(0,4) node (B){}-- (3,4) node (C){} --(3,0) node (D){}--cycle;

          \node (cent) at (1.5,2){\large Comp};
          \node[right] (AB1) at (0,1){A};
          \node[right] (AB2) at (0,3){B};
          \node[left] (CD1) at (3,1) {less};
          \node[left] (CD2) at (3,3) {greater};
          \node[above] (AD) at (1.5,0) {equal};

          \node (A1) at (-2,1) {input};
          \node (A2) at (-2,3) {input};
          \node (C1) at (5,1) {output};
          \node (C2) at (5,3) {output};
          \node (D1) at (5,-1) {output};


          \draw[->] (A1)--(AB1);
          \draw[->] (A2)--(AB2);
          \draw[->] (CD1)--(C1);
          \draw[->] (CD2)--(C2);
          \draw[->] (AD)|-(D1);

        \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{Entity of Comp}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

输出几乎符合您的要求（抱歉...这台电脑上没有截图）

当然，如果你想多次使用某些命令，你可以自动执行它们

答案2

如果您想保持上一个问题中似乎需要的灵活性：

\documentclass[a4paper]{article} 
\usepackage{tikz} 
\usetikzlibrary{matrix, positioning, arrows.meta} 
\newlength{\myheight} 
\setlength{\myheight}{3cm} 
\tikzset{labels/.style={font=\sffamily\scriptsize},
    description/.style={font=\scriptsize, below, text centered, text width=4em}, 
    circuit/.style={draw,minimum width=2cm,minimum height=\myheight,very thick,inner sep=1mm,outer sep=0pt,cap=round,font=\sffamily\bfseries}, triangle 45/.tip={Triangle[angle=45:8pt]} } 
\begin{document} 
    \begin{figure}[htb] 
        \centering 
        \begin{tikzpicture}[font=\sffamily,>=triangle 45] 
        \node [circuit] (item) {Comp}; 
        \matrix[ 
            matrix of nodes, 
            nodes in empty cells,
            left=7em of item, row sep=\myheight/6, nodes={anchor=east} ] (leftmatr) 
            {input\\  \\ input\\ }; 
        \matrix[ 
            nodes in empty cells,
            matrix of nodes, 
            right=7em of item, row sep=\myheight/6, nodes={anchor=west} ] (rightmatr) { output\\ \\ output \\}; 
        \foreach \i/\mylab\mydescr in {1/A/{some text \\ for A}, 
                                       3/B/{some text \\ for B}} 
            {\draw [->] (leftmatr-\i-1) -- (leftmatr-\i-1 -| item.west) 
                node[right, labels] {\mylab}
                node[midway,description] {\mydescr};} 
        \foreach \i/\mylab\mydescr in {1/greater/{some text \\ for greater},
                                       3/less/{some text \\ for less}} 
            {\draw [<-] (rightmatr-\i-1) -- (rightmatr-\i-1 -| item.east) 
                node[left, labels] {\mylab}
                node[midway,description] {\mydescr};}
        \node[below=3ex of rightmatr] (out3) {output};
        \draw[<-] (out3) -| (item.south) node[above, labels] {equal}
            node[near start,description] {some text \\ for equal};
        \end{tikzpicture} 
        \caption{Entity of Comp} 
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

如果您希望文本位于行上方而不是行下方，只需在样式中放入above而不是：belowdescription

description/.style={font=\scriptsize, above, text centered, text width=4em},

你会得到这个：

在此处输入图片描述

此外，我强烈建议阅读此处的第 3 部分：DuckBoat——来自 TeX.SE 的新闻：提出有效的问题。

答案3

此类节点可以用简单的矩形节点绘制，数量不限labels。无需矩阵。

在下面的代码中，我使用quotes库来定义标签。由于它们是named节点，因此您以后可以将其用作箭头的参考。

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix, positioning, arrows.meta, quotes}
\newlength{\myheight}
\setlength{\myheight}{2.5cm}
\tikzset{labels/.style={font=\sffamily\scriptsize},
    circuit/.style={draw, 
        minimum width=2cm,
        minimum height=2.5cm,
        very thick,
        inner sep=1mm,
        outer sep=0pt,
        font=\sffamily\bfseries},
    triangle 45/.tip={Triangle[angle=45:8pt]}
}

\begin{document}
    \begin{figure}[htb]
        \centering
        \begin{tikzpicture}[font=\sffamily,>=triangle 45]
        \node[circuit,
            "north west:A" {anchor=west, labels, yshift=-5mm, name=A},
            "north east:greater" {anchor=east, labels, yshift=-5mm, name=greater},
            "south west:B" {anchor=west, labels, yshift=5mm, name=B},
            "south east:less" {anchor=east, labels, yshift=5mm, name=less},
            "south:equal" {anchor=south, labels, name=equal}] (comp) {Comp};
        \draw[<-] (A.west)--node[above]{A}++(180:1cm) node[left]{input};
        \draw[<-] (B.west)--node[above]{B}++(180:1cm) node[left]{input};
        \draw[->] (greater.east)--node[above]{C}++(0:1cm) node (out) [right]{output};
        \draw[->] (less.east)--node[above]{D}++(0:1cm) node[right]{output};
        \draw[->] (equal.south)--++(-90:5mm) coordinate(aux) -- node[below]{E} (aux-|out.west) node[right]{output};
        \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{Entity of Comp}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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