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对齐图片标题中的方程式

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对齐图片标题中的方程式

我有以下代码：

\begin{figure}      
\centering
\includegraphics[width=1\textwidth]{Fig/cross_section.jpg}
\caption{
    Photon's total cross section as a function of energy in Lead. Taken from \cite{phys}. Where:
    \newline
    $\sigma_{p.e.}$ = Atomic photoelectric effect\\
    $\sigma_{Rayleigh}$ = Rayleigh (coherent) scattering\\
    $\sigma_{compton}$= Compton (incoherent) scattering\\
    $\kappa_{nuc}$ = Pair production, nuclear field\\
    $\kappa_{e}$ = Pair production, electron field}
\label{fig:2.1}
\end{figure}

我想让所有文本都与 = 符号对齐。我尝试使用 align，但我的代码拒绝编译。当我尝试使用 \hspace 并手动执行时也发生了同样的情况。有人能帮我或指出我做错了什么吗？

答案1

您可以使用

\captionsetup{singlelinecheck=off}

从caption包中，然后确保将可选参数传递给\caption命令，以便\listoffigures适当地考虑相应的条目。

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{caption}
\begin{document}

\begin{figure}      
\centering
\captionsetup{singlelinecheck=off}
\includegraphics[width=1\textwidth]{example-image-a}
\caption[For the list of figures]{
    Photon's total cross section as a function of energy in Lead. Taken from:
    \begin{align*}
    1 & 2\\
    3 & 4
    \end{align*}
    }
\label{fig:2.1}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

答案2

您可以使用\parbox。您还应该将下标设置为文本。您的下标显然遵循图中的内容，但不建议使用带有多个字母的下标。最好用于$\sigma_\text{R}$Rayleigh 等。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{calc,graphicx,amsmath}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}      
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{example-image-a}
\caption[bla]{\parbox{\textwidth}{
Photon's total cross section as a function of energy in Lead. Taken from somewhere:
\begin{align*}
        \sigma_\text{p.e.} &= \text{Atomic photoelectric effect}\\
        \sigma_\text{Rayleigh} &= \text{Rayleigh (coherent) scattering}\\
        \sigma_\text{compton}&= \text{Compton (incoherent) scattering}\\
        \kappa_\text{nuc} &= \text{Pair production, nuclear field}\\
        \kappa_\text{e} &= \text{Pair production, electron field}
\end{align*}
}}
\label{fig:2.1}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

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