填充节点矩阵的最简单方法是什么？

Question

代码：

           \tikzstyle{matrici}=[
       matrix of math nodes, 
      nodes in empty cells,
      column sep=-\pgflinewidth, % to avoid double borders in contiguous cells
   nodes={
    draw, 
   align=center, 
  inner sep=0pt, 
    text width=1cm, 
    minimum height=1cm
}
]

               \begin{tikzpicture} 
\matrix[matrici, 
column 1/.style={nodes={fill=blue!10}},  
column 2/.style={nodes={fill=blue!10}},
column 3/.style={nodes={fill=blue!10}},
column 4/.style={nodes={fill=blue!10}},
]  (X)  {&&&&&&&\\};
\end{tikzpicture}   

输出：

有没有办法用“cicle for”填充前 4 个单元格？我被迫写这个？

   column 1/.style={nodes={fill=blue!10}},  
    column 2/.style={nodes={fill=blue!10}},
   column 3/.style={nodes={fill=blue!10}},
     column 4/.style={nodes={fill=blue!10}},

就像

   \foreach \x in {1,2,3,4} 
   fill the node (X-1-\x) with this color

Answer 1

\fill您可以向图层添加background：

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,backgrounds}
\tikzset{ % \tikzstyle is considered deprecated
  matrici/.style={
    matrix of math nodes, 
    nodes in empty cells,
    column sep=-\pgflinewidth, % to avoid double borders in contiguous cells
    nodes={
      draw, 
      align=center, 
      inner sep=0pt, 
      text width=1cm, 
      minimum height=1cm
    }
  }
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture} 
\matrix[matrici]  (X)  {&&&&&&&\\};

\begin{scope}[on background layer]
\foreach \x in {1,...,4}
  \fill [blue!10] (X-1-\x.south west) rectangle (X-1-\x.north east);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}   

\end{document}

另一个选择是做类似 Loop Space 在他的回答中所做的事情如何在 Tikz 中设置矩阵节点的行和列的背景颜色？：

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,backgrounds}
\tikzset{
  matrici/.style={
    matrix of math nodes, 
    nodes in empty cells,
    column sep=-\pgflinewidth, % to avoid double borders in contiguous cells
    nodes={
      draw, 
      align=center, 
      inner sep=0pt, 
      text width=1cm, 
      minimum height=1cm
    }
  }
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture} 
\matrix[
  matrici,
  nodes={
   execute at begin node={
       \pgfmathparse{\pgfmatrixcurrentcolumn<5 ? "blue!10" : "white"}
        \xglobal\colorlet{nodebg}{\pgfmathresult}},
        preaction={fill=nodebg}
}
]  (X)  {&&&&&&&\\};


\end{tikzpicture}   
\end{document}

Answer 2

请原谅我对您的问题的理解不够，但如果您想创建一个彩色框，那么您可以执行以下操作（即，如果我误解了您的问题，请纠正我，因为这对我来说并不完全清楚）。

\documentclass[border={10pt}]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    [%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
        colorbox/.style={rectangle,fill=blue!10,draw=black,thick, minimum size=1cm},
        box/.style={rectangle,draw=black,thick, minimum size=1cm},
    ]%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\foreach \x in {0,...,3}
    \node[colorbox] at (\x,0){};

\foreach \x in {4,...,7}
    \node[box] at (\x,0){};

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}