答案1
如果没有 MWE,以下内容只是猜测,但可能是一个起点。
\documentclass[twocolumn]{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\begin{document}
\lipsum
\begin{figure*}[tb]
\begin{subfigure}{\textwidth}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth,height=5cm]{example-image}
\caption{first}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}{0.3\textwidth}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{example-image}
\caption{second}
\end{subfigure}%
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}{0.3\textwidth}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{example-image}
\caption{third}
\end{subfigure}%
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}{0.3\textwidth}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{example-image}
\caption{fourth}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{cpation of all figures}
\end{figure*}
\lipsum
here is some custom text
\end{document}