Andrew 在如何引用索引词（正在工作）非常非常好)。碰巧的是，它允许引用forward单词的定义位置以及通常的backward。这实际上非常有用，例如在章节开头解释将要做什么时，但如果可以区分，例如使用不同的，则会更有帮助forward。backward这hyperref color是 Andrew 回答的 MWF，修改后使用hyperref color而不是方框并带有参考forward。
\documentclass[11pt]{book}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\makeindex
\usepackage{tcolorbox}
%==================Begin HYPERREF
\usepackage[hyperfootnotes=false]{hyperref}%[pdfborder={0 0 0}]
%Begin the ``quick and dirty hack'' due to Heiko Oberdiek which loads showidx
\makeatletter
\ifHy@hyperindex
\def\HyInd@ParenLeft{(}%
% Hook in \HyInd@@wrindex
\let\HyInd@showidx\@empty
% Hook in \HyInd@@wrindex for package showidx
\def\HyInd@showidx#1{%
\@showidx{#1}%
\if@nobreak
\ifvmode
\nobrak
\fi
\fi
}%
% Load package showidx
\let\siOrg@makeindex\makeindex
\let\siOrg@@index\@index
\let\siOrg@@wrindex\@wrindex
\let\siOrg@index\index
\RequirePackage{showidx}
\let\makeindex\siOrg@makeindex
\let\@index\siOrg@@index
\let\@wrindex\siOrg@@wrindex
\let\index\siOrg@index
% rest of hyperref part
\@ifpackageloaded{multind}{%
\let\HyInd@org@wrindex\@wrindex
\def\@wrindex#1#2{\HyInd@@wrindex{#1}#2||\\}%
\def\HyInd@@wrindex#1#2|#3|#4\\{%
\ifx\\#3\\%
\HyInd@org@wrindex{#1}{#2|hyperpage}%
\else
\def\Hy@temp@A{#3}%
\ifx\Hy@temp@A\HyInd@ParenLeft
HyInd@org@wrindex{#1}{#2|#3hyperpage}%
\else
\HyInd@org@wrindex{#1}{#2|#3}%
\fi
\fi
}%
}{%
\def\@wrindex#1{\@@wrindex#1||\\}
\def\@@wrindex#1|#2|#3\\{%
\ifx\\#2\\%
\protected@write\@indexfile{}{%
\string\indexentry{#1|hyperpage}{\thepage}%
}%
\else
\def\Hy@temp@A{#2}%
\ifx\Hy@temp@A\HyInd@ParenLeft
\protected@write\@indexfile{}{%
\string\indexentry{#1|#2hyperpage}{\thepage}%
}%
\else
\protected@write\@indexfile{}{%
\string\indexentry{#1|#2}{\thepage}%
}%
\fi
\fi
\endgroup
\HyInd@showidx{#1}%
\@esphack
}%
}%
\fi
\makeatother
%End the ``quick and dirty hack'' due to Heiko Oberdiek which loads showidx
\hypersetup{%begin colors
colorlinks,
linkcolor={red!50!black},
citecolor={blue!50!black},
urlcolor={blue!80!black}
}%end colors
\usepackage{cleveref}
%Begin the Sharpe code as modified by Schulz (2016-02-1)
\let\oldopenparen\(
\let\oldcloseparen\)
\def\({\protect\oldopenparen}
\def\){\protect\oldcloseparen}
%End the Sharpe code as modified by Schulz (2016-02-1)
\newcommand{\INDEX}[2][]{%
\if\relax\detokenize{#1}\relax\index{#2}\label{ind:#2}%
\else\index{#2}\label{ind:#1}\fi%
}
\newcommand{\DEX}[2][]{%
\if\relax\detokenize{#1}\relax\hyperref[ind:#2]{#2} (\Cpageref{ind:#2})%
\else\hyperref[ind:#1]{#2} (\Cpageref{ind:#1})\fi%
}%
\newcounter{abc}%
\newtcolorbox%
[%beginForReferences
use counter= abc,
number within=chapter,
number freestyle={\noexpand\thechapter.\noexpand\arabic{\tcbcounter}~\noexpand\mytitleagree},%Used to make for LONG titles in the references.
crefname={definition}{definitions},
Crefname={Definition}{Definitions},
]%endForReferences
{greement}
[2][]%
{%
detach title,
coltitle=black,
nameref={#2},%
before upper={\tcbtitle\quad},
code={\gdef\mytitleagree{#2}},%Used to make for LONG titles in the references.
title=DEFINITION \thetcbcounter,%
#1,%Required for references.
}%
\begin{document}
A \textbf{minimum}\INDEX{minimum} of a function is blah blah.
And here is a reference ahead: \DEX[]{Carla}
\begin{greement}[label={abc:3-1}]{Maximum}
An input whose output is larger than the outputs of nearby inputs
\end{greement}
\INDEX[pm]{$\pm$}
\newpage
A function can have more than one \DEX{minimum}.
A function can have more than one \DEX{minimum}.
\chapter{one} \textbf{Andy}\INDEX[]{Andy} \chapter{two} \textbf{Beth}\INDEX[]{Beth} \chapter{three} \textbf{Carla}\INDEX[]{Carla} \chapter`{four}` \DEX[]{Andy} \DEX[]{Beth} .
\printindex
\end{document}
所以，我的问题是：如何才能forward cross-references使看起来与众不同backward cross-references？
答案1
只要仅\DEX使用宏来生成对链接词的引用，就有相当简单的方法可以区分前向和后向链接：
检查当前页码并与带有 的链接词的页码引用进行比较\ifnum\value{page} > \getpagerefnumber{ind:#2}...\else...\fi。
在第一种情况下，我们有一个向后引用，在第二种情况下，我们有一个向前引用，对于同一页面上的引用，这还不起作用（目前），我将尝试稍后（即明天）使用更好的版本进行更新）
我提供了两种新的颜色：forwardlinkcolor和backwardlinkcolor，随意更改它们的定义。
\newcommand{\DEX}[2][]{%
\begingroup
\ifnum\value{page} > \getpagerefnumber{ind:#2}%
\hypersetup{%
linkcolor=backwardlinkcolor
}%
\else
\hypersetup{%
linkcolor=forwardlinkcolor
}%
\fi
\if\relax\detokenize{#1}\relax\hyperref[ind:#2]{#2} (\Cpageref{ind:#2})%
\else\hyperref[ind:#1]{#2} (\Cpageref{ind:#1})\fi%
\endgroup
}%
完整代码：
\documentclass[11pt]{book}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\makeindex
\usepackage{tcolorbox}
% ==================Begin HYPERREF
\usepackage[hyperfootnotes=false]{hyperref}%[pdfborder={0 0 0}]
%Begin the ``quick and dirty hack'' due to Heiko Oberdiek which loads showidx
\makeatletter
\ifHy@hyperindex
\def\HyInd@ParenLeft{(}%
% Hook in \HyInd@@wrindex
\let\HyInd@showidx\@empty
% Hook in \HyInd@@wrindex for package showidx
\def\HyInd@showidx#1{%
\@showidx{#1}%
\if@nobreak
\ifvmode
\nobrak
\fi
\fi
}%
% Load package showidx
\let\siOrg@makeindex\makeindex
\let\siOrg@@index\@index
\let\siOrg@@wrindex\@wrindex
\let\siOrg@index\index
\RequirePackage{showidx}
\let\makeindex\siOrg@makeindex
\let\@index\siOrg@@index
\let\@wrindex\siOrg@@wrindex
\let\index\siOrg@index
% rest of hyperref part
\@ifpackageloaded{multind}{%
\let\HyInd@org@wrindex\@wrindex
\def\@wrindex#1#2{\HyInd@@wrindex{#1}#2||\\}%
\def\HyInd@@wrindex#1#2|#3|#4\\{%
\ifx\\#3\\%
\HyInd@org@wrindex{#1}{#2|hyperpage}%
\else
\def\Hy@temp@A{#3}%
\ifx\Hy@temp@A\HyInd@ParenLeft
HyInd@org@wrindex{#1}{#2|#3hyperpage}%
\else
\HyInd@org@wrindex{#1}{#2|#3}%
\fi
\fi
}%
}{%
\def\@wrindex#1{\@@wrindex#1||\\}
\def\@@wrindex#1|#2|#3\\{%
\ifx\\#2\\%
\protected@write\@indexfile{}{%
\string\indexentry{#1|hyperpage}{\thepage}%
}%
\else
\def\Hy@temp@A{#2}%
\ifx\Hy@temp@A\HyInd@ParenLeft
\protected@write\@indexfile{}{%
\string\indexentry{#1|#2hyperpage}{\thepage}%
}%
\else
\protected@write\@indexfile{}{%
\string\indexentry{#1|#2}{\thepage}%
}%
\fi
\fi
\endgroup
\HyInd@showidx{#1}%
\@esphack
}%
}%
\fi
\makeatother
%End the ``quick and dirty hack'' due to Heiko Oberdiek which loads showidx
\hypersetup{%begin colors
colorlinks,
linkcolor={red!50!black},
citecolor={blue!50!black},
urlcolor={blue!80!black}
}%end colors
\usepackage{cleveref}
%Begin the Sharpe code as modified by Schulz (2016-02-1)
\let\oldopenparen\(
\let\oldcloseparen\)
\def\({\protect\oldopenparen}
\def\){\protect\oldcloseparen}
%End the Sharpe code as modified by Schulz (2016-02-1)
\newcommand{\INDEX}[2][]{%
\if\relax\detokenize{#1}\relax\index{#2}\label{ind:#2}%
\else\index{#2}\label{ind:#1}\fi%
}
\colorlet{forwardlinkcolor}{red!50!black}
\colorlet{backwardlinkcolor}{green!40!blue}
\newcommand{\DEX}[2][]{%
\begingroup
\ifnum\value{page} > \getpagerefnumber{ind:#2}%
\hypersetup{%
linkcolor=backwardlinkcolor
}%
\else
\hypersetup{%
linkcolor=forwardlinkcolor
}%
\fi
\if\relax\detokenize{#1}\relax\hyperref[ind:#2]{#2} (\Cpageref{ind:#2})%
\else\hyperref[ind:#1]{#2} (\Cpageref{ind:#1})\fi%
\endgroup
}
\newcounter{abc}%
\newtcolorbox%
[%beginForReferences
use counter= abc,
number within=chapter,
number freestyle={\noexpand\thechapter.\noexpand\arabic{\tcbcounter}~\noexpand\mytitleagree},%Used to make for LONG titles in the references.
crefname={definition}{definitions},
Crefname={Definition}{Definitions},
]%endForReferences
{greement}
[2][]%
{%
detach title,
coltitle=black,
nameref={#2},%
before upper={\tcbtitle\quad},
code={\gdef\mytitleagree{#2}},%Used to make for LONG titles in the references.
title=DEFINITION \thetcbcounter,%
#1,%Required for references.
}%
\begin{document}
A \textbf{minimum}\INDEX{minimum} of a function is blah blah.
And here is a reference ahead: \DEX[]{Carla}
\begin{greement}[label={abc:3-1}]{Maximum}
An input whose output is larger than the outputs of nearby inputs
\end{greement}
\INDEX[pm]{$\pm$}
\newpage
A function can have more than one \DEX{minimum}.
A function can have more than one \DEX{minimum}.
\chapter{one} \textbf{Andy}\INDEX[]{Andy} \chapter{two} \textbf{Beth}\INDEX[]{Beth} \chapter{three} \textbf{Carla}\INDEX[]{Carla} \chapter`{four}` \DEX[]{Andy} \DEX[]{Beth} .
\clearpage
\hypersetup{%
linkcolor=backwardlinkcolor
}
\printindex
\end{document}