如何将图片和文本放在同一页上

Question

我正在写实验报告的介绍，并展示了一个反应路径的图表。图像非常小，只需要大约 10 行文本的空间。但是，在排版时，Latex 会将图表格式化为单独的页面，这看起来很傻。我怎样才能让图表与介绍段落位于同一页上？

\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry}          
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{setspace}\onehalfspacing
\usepackage{float}

\begin{document}

\title{Experiment 3}

\author{Sophie Parsons%
  \thanks{CRSid: \texttt{bb70}}}
\affil{university}


\date{Dated: \today}

\maketitle



\section{Introduction}
In the reactor, the benzene and maleic anhydride can also degrade into other useless products, as shown in figure \ref{fig:7}.

\begin{figure}[H]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[scale=0.8]{scheme.pdf}
\caption{default}
\label{fig:7}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

Answer 1

您可以使用以下小文档生成图像：

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, 
                chains,
                decorations.markings,
                positioning,
                quotes,
                }

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
            > = Triangle,
   decoration = {markings,% switch on markings
                 mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow[thick]{>}}
                 },
     N/.style = {on chain},
node distance = 7mm and 21 mm,
    start chain = going right
                    ]
\node (a) [N]   {A};
\node (b) [N]   {B};
\node (c) [N]   {C};
%
\coordinate[below=of a] (aux);
\draw[postaction={decorate}]    (a) to ["$k_1$"]    (b);
\draw[postaction={decorate}]    (b) to ["$k_2$"]    (c);
\draw[postaction={decorate}]    (a) -- (aux) to ["$k_3$" '] (aux -| c) -- (c);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

或者将其代码直接包含到您的文档中：

\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{setspace}\onehalfspacing
\usepackage{tikz} % <--- added
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,         % <--- added
                chains,              % <--- added
                decorations.markings,% <--- added
                positioning,         % <--- added
                quotes,              % <--- added
                }

\begin{document}

\title{Experiment 3}
\author{Sophie Parsons%
  \thanks{CRSid: \texttt{bb70}}}
%\affil{university}
\date{Dated: \today}
\maketitle


\section{Introduction}
In the reactor, the benzene and maleic anhydride can also degrade into other useless products, as shown in figure \ref{fig:7}.
    \begin{figure}[ht]
\centering% <--- changed
        \begin{tikzpicture}[  % <--- added, instead of includegraphics
                > = Triangle,
       decoration = {markings,% switch on markings
                     mark=at position 0.5 with {\arrow[thick]{>}}
                     },
         N/.style = {on chain},
    node distance = 7mm and 21 mm,
        start chain = going right
                        ]
    \node (a) [N]   {A};
    \node (b) [N]   {B};
    \node (c) [N]   {C};
    %
    \coordinate[below=of a] (aux);
    \draw[postaction={decorate}]    (a) to ["$k_1$"]    (b);
    \draw[postaction={decorate}]    (b) to ["$k_2$"]    (c);
    \draw[postaction={decorate}]    (a) -- (aux) to ["$k_3$" '] (aux -| c) -- (c);
        \end{tikzpicture}
\caption{default}
\label{fig:7}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

并得到：

笔记：

• 除了tikz使用包之外，您还可以使用pstric（后者我不熟悉）
• 在单独的文档中生成的图像（如果您愿意将其包含为图像，则其名称是图像的名称.pdf）或用您替换的代码\includegraphics{...}周围没有虚假空间。因此，它应该与插入文本中的图像位于同一页面上（例外，它插入到页面底部之前）。
• 我淹没这张图片是为了好玩和锻炼。如果您有疑问tikz，请随时提出新问题...