datatool:如何从文件加载表格,是否旋转,然后施加预定义的标题

datatool:如何从文件加载表格,是否旋转,然后施加预定义的标题

这是我以前的

在本文中,我想讨论两种情况:

第一的,按原样加载表格,同时只施加我自己的列和行标题。

第二,加载表格并旋转它,然后强加我自己的列和行标题。

对于上述两种情况,需要处理两种不同类型的数据库,如下所示

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{datatool,filecontents,booktabs}

% 1st dataset
\begin{filecontents*}{data1.csv}
            ,   col1  , col2  , col3
    row1    ,   11    , 12    , 13
    row2    ,   21    , 22    , 23
\end{filecontents*}

% 2nd dataset
\begin{filecontents*}{data2.csv}
    11  , 12 , 13
    21  , 22 , 23
\end{filecontents*}

\begin{document}

\section{First case: without rotation}

The desired output for both datasets should be

\begin{table}[h]
    \centering
    \caption{without rotation}
    \begin{tabular}{@{}lccc@{}}
        \toprule
        & First Column  & Second Column & Third Column\\
        \midrule
        First Row   &   11  &   12  & 13 \\ 
        \midrule 
        Second Row  &   21  &   22  & 23 \\
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\section{Second case: with rotation}

The desired output for both datasets should be

\begin{table}[h]
    \centering
    \caption{with rotation}
    \begin{tabular}{@{}lcc@{}}
        \toprule
                    & First Column  & Second Column\\
        \midrule
        First Row   &   21  &   11 \\ 
        \midrule 
        Second Row  &   22  &   12 \\
        \midrule 
        Third Row   &   23  &   13 \\
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

最好确保两个数据库都分配了相同的键(通过keys中的选项\DTLloaddb)。这意味着即使它们具有不同的列索引,也可以使用这些键引用两个数据库中的同一列:

\DTLloaddb[keys={rowheader,col1,col2,col3}]{database1}{database1.csv}
\DTLloaddb[noheader,keys={col1,col2,col3}]{database2}{database2.csv}

可以使用以下键为两个数据库设置列标题:

\newcommand{\setdatabaseheaders}[1]{%
  \DTLsetheader{#1}{col1}{First Column}%
  \DTLsetheader{#1}{col2}{Second Column}%
  \DTLsetheader{#1}{col3}{Third Column}%
}

\setdatabaseheaders{database1}
\setdatabaseheaders{database2}

但是,如果列标题在所有表之间共享,那么只需借助命令以易于访问的方式存储它们就会更etoolbox简单\csdef

\csdef{columnheader1}{First Column}
\csdef{columnheader2}{Second Column}
\csdef{columnheader3}{Third Column}

没有行标题的概念,datatool但可以很容易地以类似的方式根据行索引提供一些行标题:

\csdef{rowheader1}{First Row}
\csdef{rowheader2}{Second Row}

rowheader显示数据时需要忽略 所标识的列。可以使用 检查此列是否存在\DTLifhaskey。显示数据的自定义命令可以引用 给出的命令来插入行标题\csname rowheader编号\endcsname(或者\csuse{rowheader编号}) 位于每行的开头。列标题也类似。

完成 MWE:

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{datatool}

% Case 1
\begin{filecontents*}{database1.csv}
            ,col1   , col2  , col3
    row1    , 11    , 12    , 13
    row2    , 21    , 22    , 23
\end{filecontents*}

% Case 2
\begin{filecontents*}{database2.csv}
    11  , 12 , 13
    21  , 22 , 23
\end{filecontents*}

\DTLloaddb[keys={rowheader,col1,col2,col3}]{database1}{database1.csv}
\DTLloaddb[noheader,keys={col1,col2,col3}]{database2}{database2.csv}

\csdef{rowheader1}{First Row}
\csdef{rowheader2}{Second Row}
\csdef{rowheader3}{Third Row}

\csdef{columnheader1}{First Column}
\csdef{columnheader2}{Second Column}
\csdef{columnheader3}{Third Column}


\newcount\columnidx
\newcount\rowidx
\newcount\columncount

\newcommand{\displaydatabase}[1]{%
  \DTLifhaskey{#1}{rowheader}%
  {%
    \columncount=\numexpr\DTLcolumncount{#1}-1\relax
    \def\columnoffset{1}%
  }%
  {%
    \columncount=\DTLcolumncount{#1}%
    \def\columnoffset{0}%
  }%
  % construct \begin{tabular} arguments
  \def\columnargs{}%
  \columnidx=0
  \loop
    \advance\columnidx by 1\relax
    \appto\columnargs{c}%
  \ifnum\columnidx<\columncount
  \repeat
  \edef\tabularcontents{\noexpand\begin{tabular}{l\columnargs}}%
  \appto\tabularcontents{\toprule}%
  % add table header
  \dtlforeachkey(\thiskey,\thiscol,\thistype,\thisheader)\in#1\do
  {%
    \ifdefstring{\thiskey}{rowheader}%
    {}%
    {%
      \eappto\tabularcontents{\noexpand& 
        \expandonce{\csname columnheader\number\numexpr\thiscol-\columnoffset\endcsname}}%
    }%
  }%
  % iterate over all rows
  \rowidx=0
  \loop
    \advance\rowidx by 1\relax
  % header
    \eappto\tabularcontents{\noexpand\\\noexpand\midrule 
      \expandonce{\csname rowheader\the\rowidx\endcsname}}%
  % columns
    \dtlforeachkey(\thiskey,\thiscol,\thistype,\thisheader)\in#1\do
    {%
      \ifdefstring{\thiskey}{rowheader}%
      {}%
      {%
        \DTLgetvalue{\thisvalue}{#1}{\rowidx}{\thiscol}%
        \eappto\tabularcontents{\noexpand& \expandonce\thisvalue}%
      }%
    }%
  \ifnum\rowidx<\DTLrowcount{#1}
  \repeat
  \appto\tabularcontents{\\\bottomrule\end{tabular}}%
  \tabularcontents
}

\newcommand{\displayrotateddatabase}[1]{%
  \DTLifhaskey{#1}{rowheader}%
  {%
    \def\columnoffset{1}%
  }%
  {%
    \def\columnoffset{0}%
  }%
  \columncount=\DTLrowcount{#1}%
  % construct \begin{tabular} arguments
  \def\columnargs{}%
  \columnidx=0
  \loop
    \advance\columnidx by 1\relax
    \appto\columnargs{c}%
  \ifnum\columnidx<\columncount
  \repeat
  \edef\tabularcontents{\noexpand\begin{tabular}{l\columnargs}}%
  \appto\tabularcontents{\toprule}%
  % add table header
  \columnidx=0
  \loop
    \advance\columnidx by 1\relax
    \eappto\tabularcontents{\noexpand& 
       \expandonce{\csname columnheader\the\columnidx\endcsname}}%
  \ifnum\columnidx<\columncount
  \repeat
  % iterate through all columns omitting rowheader
  \dtlforeachkey(\thiskey,\thiscol,\thistype,\thisheader)\in#1\do
  {%
    \ifdefstring{\thiskey}{rowheader}%
    {}%
    {%
      % header title
      \eappto\tabularcontents{%
        \noexpand\\\noexpand\midrule
           \expandonce{\csname rowheader\number\numexpr\thiscol-\columnoffset\endcsname}}%
      % row loop in reverse order
      \rowidx=\DTLrowcount{#1}\relax
      \loop
        \DTLgetvalue{\thisvalue}{#1}{\rowidx}{\thiscol}%
        \eappto\tabularcontents{\noexpand&\expandonce\thisvalue}%
        \advance\rowidx by -1\relax
      \ifnum\rowidx>0
      \repeat
    }%
  }%
  \appto\tabularcontents{\\\bottomrule\end{tabular}}%
  \tabularcontents
}

\newcommand{\displaytransposedatabase}[1]{%
  \DTLifhaskey{#1}{rowheader}%
  {%
    \def\columnoffset{1}%
  }%
  {%
    \def\columnoffset{0}%
  }%
  \columncount=\DTLrowcount{#1}%
  % construct \begin{tabular} arguments
  \def\columnargs{}%
  \columnidx=0
  \loop
    \advance\columnidx by 1\relax
    \appto\columnargs{c}%
  \ifnum\columnidx<\columncount
  \repeat
  \edef\tabularcontents{\noexpand\begin{tabular}{l\columnargs}}%
  \appto\tabularcontents{\toprule}%
  % add table header
  \columnidx=0
  \loop
    \advance\columnidx by 1\relax
    \eappto\tabularcontents{\noexpand& 
       \expandonce{\csname columnheader\the\columnidx\endcsname}}%
  \ifnum\columnidx<\columncount
  \repeat
  % iterate through all columns omitting rowheader
  \dtlforeachkey(\thiskey,\thiscol,\thistype,\thisheader)\in#1\do
  {%
    \ifdefstring{\thiskey}{rowheader}%
    {}%
    {%
      % header title
      \eappto\tabularcontents{%
        \noexpand\\\noexpand\midrule
           \expandonce{\csname rowheader\number\numexpr\thiscol-\columnoffset\endcsname}}%
      % row loop 
      \rowidx=0\relax
      \loop
        \advance\rowidx by 1\relax
        \DTLgetvalue{\thisvalue}{#1}{\rowidx}{\thiscol}%
        \eappto\tabularcontents{\noexpand&\expandonce\thisvalue}%
      \ifnum\rowidx<\DTLrowcount{#1}
      \repeat
    }%
  }%
  \appto\tabularcontents{\\\bottomrule\end{tabular}}%
  \tabularcontents
}

\begin{document}
\section{No rotation}
\subsection{database1}

\displaydatabase{database1}

\subsection{database2}

\displaydatabase{database2}

\subsection{Desired Output}

\begin{table}[h]
    \centering
    \caption{without rotation}
    \begin{tabular}{@{}lccc@{}}
        \toprule
        & First Column  & Second Column & Third Column\\
        \midrule
        First Row   &   11  &   12  & 13 \\ 
        \midrule 
        Second Row  &   21  &   22  & 23 \\
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\newpage
\section{Rotation}
\subsection{database1}

\displayrotateddatabase{database1}

\subsection{database2}
\displayrotateddatabase{database2}

\subsection{Desired Output}
\begin{table}[h]
    \centering
    \caption{with rotation}
    \begin{tabular}{@{}lcc@{}}
        \toprule
                    & First Column  & Second Column\\
        \midrule
        First Row   &   21  &   11 \\ 
        \midrule 
        Second Row  &   22  &   12 \\
        \midrule 
        Third Row   &   23  &   13 \\
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\newpage
\section{Transpose}
\subsection{database1}

\displaytransposedatabase{database1}

\subsection{database2}

\displaytransposedatabase{database2}

\end{document}

非旋转表:

非旋转表格图像

旋转表:

旋转桌子的图片

转置表:

转置表格的图像

笔记:

  • \DTLloaddb不会修剪尾随空格,因此如果我没有使用keys={rowheader,col1,col2,col3},第二、第三和第四列的键将包含尾随空格。以下 MWE 不起作用:

    \documentclass{article}
    
    \usepackage{datatool}
    
    \begin{filecontents*}{database1.csv}
                ,col1   , col2  , col3
        row1    , 11    , 12    , 13
        row2    , 21    , 22    , 23
    \end{filecontents*}
    
    \DTLloaddb{database1}{database1.csv}
    
    \DTLsetheader{database1}{col1}{First Column}
    
    \begin{document}
    
    \end{document}
    

    这会产生错误

    ! Package datatool Error: Database `database1' doesn't contain key `col1'.
    

    列标签包含尾随空格,因此需要进行赋值:

    \DTLsetheader{database1}{col1 }{First Column}
    
  • 前导空格会被忽略,因此

    \DTLsetheader{database1}{ col2 }{Second Column}
    

    会产生错误,即使 CSV 文件中有一个前导空格。它需要:

    \DTLsetheader{database1}{col2 }{Second Column}
    

对于每个条目也类似。例如:

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{datatool}

\begin{filecontents*}{database1.csv}
            ,col1   , col2  , col3
    row1    , 11    , 12    , 13
    row2    , 21    , 22    , 23
\end{filecontents*}

\DTLloaddb{database1}{database1.csv}

\begin{document}

\DTLgetvalue{\thisvalue}{database1}{1}{2}`\thisvalue'.

\end{document}

得出的结果为:

‘11’。

前导空格被忽略但尾随空格被保留。

在此示例中,这并没有太大区别,因为使用keys不包含任何空格的键分配了键。条目处于tabular环境中,因此虚假空格并不明显,但这是需要小心的事情。

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