我正在尝试绘制一个多层甜甜圈饼，例如
这是第一次尝试，但我不知道如何画出里面的甜甜圈。
\documentclass[preview]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%Donut Chart
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\innerradius{0.7cm}
\def\outerradius{1.9cm}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\centerradius}{(\outerradius + \innerradius)/2}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\donutcenter}{\innerradius/2}
% The Macro
\newcommand{\donutchart}[1]{
% Calculate total
\pgfmathsetmacro{\totalnum}{0}
\foreach \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
\pgfmathparse{\value+\totalnum}
\global\let\totalnum=\pgfmathresult
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\wheelwidth}{\outerradius-\innerradius}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midradius}{(\outerradius+\innerradius)/2}
\begin{scope}[rotate=90]
\pgfmathsetmacro{\cumnum}{0}
\foreach \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
\pgfmathsetmacro{\newcumnum}{\cumnum + \value/\totalnum*360}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midangle}{-(\cumnum+\newcumnum)/2}
\filldraw[draw=white,fill=\colour] (-\cumnum:\outerradius) arc (-\cumnum:-(\newcumnum):\outerradius) --
(-\newcumnum:\innerradius) arc (-\newcumnum:-(\cumnum):\innerradius) -- cycle;
\fill[darkgray!25] circle (\innerradius);
\draw node [text=white, font=\bfseries] at (\midangle:{\innerradius+\wheelwidth/2}) {\name};
\node[scale=1.0, color=black, font=\bfseries](\innerradius) {A};
\global\let\cumnum=\newcumnum
}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}}
\begin{document}
\donutchart{88/blue/1,4.5/green/2, 2.86/red/3, 2.46/orange/4, 1.64/teal/5}
\end{document}
对我的 MWE 有任何提示吗？
答案1
您编写了一个似乎可以工作并且您完全理解的宏（因为您编写了它；-）。因此，最简单的解决方案可能是使用它两次。
\documentclass[preview]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%Donut Chart
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\innerradius{0.7cm}
\def\outerradius{1.9cm}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\centerradius}{(\outerradius + \innerradius)/2}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\donutcenter}{\innerradius/2}
% The Macro
\newcommand{\donutchart}[1]{
% Calculate total
\pgfmathsetmacro{\totalnum}{0}
\foreach \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
\pgfmathparse{\value+\totalnum}
\global\let\totalnum=\pgfmathresult
}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\wheelwidth}{\outerradius-\innerradius}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midradius}{(\outerradius+\innerradius)/2}
\begin{scope}[rotate=90]
\pgfmathsetmacro{\cumnum}{0}
\foreach \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
\pgfmathsetmacro{\newcumnum}{\cumnum + \value/\totalnum*360}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midangle}{-(\cumnum+\newcumnum)/2}
\filldraw[draw=white,fill=\colour] (-\cumnum:\outerradius) arc (-\cumnum:-(\newcumnum):\outerradius) --
(-\newcumnum:\innerradius) arc (-\newcumnum:-(\cumnum):\innerradius) -- cycle;
\fill[darkgray!25] circle (\innerradius);
\draw node [text=white, font=\bfseries] at (\midangle:{\innerradius+\wheelwidth/2}) {\name};
\node[scale=1.0, color=black, font=\bfseries](\innerradius) {A};
\global\let\cumnum=\newcumnum
}
\end{scope}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\def\innerradius{1.9cm}
\def\outerradius{3.2cm}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\centerradius}{(\outerradius + \innerradius)/2}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\donutcenter}{\innerradius/2}
\donutchart{88/blue/1,4.5/green/2, 2.86/red/3, 2.46/orange/4, 1.64/teal/5}
\def\innerradius{0.7cm}
\def\outerradius{1.9cm}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\centerradius}{(\outerradius + \innerradius)/2}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\donutcenter}{\innerradius/2}
\donutchart{18/gray/1,12/purple/2}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
当然，在下一步中，您可能希望将这些半径添加到宏的参数中，并且在下一步中，您可能希望使用更多的 Ti钾Z 风格和键等等。
编辑：只是为了好玩：做了一个甜甜圈版本的此代码。
\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{fadings}
\pgfkeys{%
/piechartthreed/.cd,
scale/.code = {\def\piechartthreedscale{#1}},
mix color/.code = {\def\piechartthreedmixcolor{#1}},
background color/.code = {\def\piechartthreedbackcolor{#1}},
name/.code = {\def\piechartthreedname{#1}}}
\newcommand\piechartthreed[2][]{%
\pgfkeys{/piechartthreed/.cd,
scale = 1,
mix color = gray,
background color = white,
name = pc}
\pgfqkeys{/piechartthreed}{#1}
\begin{scope}[scale=\piechartthreedscale]
\begin{scope}[xscale=5,yscale=3]
\path[preaction={fill=black,opacity=.8,
path fading=circle with fuzzy edge 20 percent,
transform canvas={yshift=-15mm*\piechartthreedscale}}] (0,0) circle (1cm);
\fill[gray](0,0) circle (0.5cm);
\path[preaction={fill=\piechartthreedbackcolor,opacity=.8,
path fading=circle with fuzzy edge 20 percent,
transform canvas={yshift=-10mm*\piechartthreedscale}}] (0,0) circle (0.5cm);
\pgfmathsetmacro\totan{0}
\global\let\totan\totan
\pgfmathsetmacro\bottoman{180} \global\let\bottoman\bottoman
\pgfmathsetmacro\toptoman{0} \global\let\toptoman\toptoman
\begin{scope}[draw=black,thin]
\foreach \an/\col [count=\xi] in {#2}{%
\def\space{ }
\coordinate (\piechartthreedname\space\xi) at (\totan+\an/2:0.75cm);
\ifdim 180pt>\totan pt
\ifdim 0pt=\toptoman pt
\shadedraw[left color=\col!20!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
right color=\col!5!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
draw=black,very thin] (0:.5cm) -- ++(0,-3mm) arc (0:\totan+\an:.5cm)
-- ++(0,3mm) arc (\totan+\an:0:.5cm);
\pgfmathsetmacro\toptoman{180}
\global\let\toptoman\toptoman
\else
\shadedraw[left color=\col!20!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
right color=\col!5!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
draw=black,very thin](\totan:.5cm)-- ++(0,-3mm) arc(\totan:\totan+\an:.5cm)
-- ++(0,3mm) arc(\totan+\an:\totan:.5cm);
\fi
\fi
\fill[\col!20!gray,draw=black] (\totan:0.5cm)--(\totan:1cm) arc(\totan:\totan+\an:1cm)
--(\totan+\an:0.5cm) arc(\totan+\an:\totan :0.5cm);
\pgfmathsetmacro\finan{\totan+\an}
\ifdim 180pt<\finan pt
\ifdim 180pt=\bottoman pt
\shadedraw[left color=\col!20!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
right color=\col!5!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
draw=black,very thin] (180:1cm) -- ++(0,-3mm) arc (180:\totan+\an:1cm)
-- ++(0,3mm) arc (\totan+\an:180:1cm);
\pgfmathsetmacro\bottoman{0}
\global\let\bottoman\bottoman
\else
\shadedraw[left color=\col!20!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
right color=\col!5!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
draw=black,very thin](\totan:1cm)-- ++(0,-3mm) arc(\totan:\totan+\an:1cm)
-- ++(0,3mm) arc(\totan+\an:\totan:1cm);
\fi
\fi
\pgfmathsetmacro\totan{\totan+\an} \global\let\totan\totan
}
\end{scope}
\draw[thin,black](0,0) circle (0.5cm);
\end{scope}
\end{scope}
}
\newcommand{\innerchartthreed}[1]{
% Calculate total
\pgfmathsetmacro{\totalnum}{0}
\foreach \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
\pgfmathparse{\value+\totalnum}
\global\let\totalnum=\pgfmathresult
}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\wheelwidth}{\outerradius-\innerradius}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midradius}{(\outerradius+\innerradius)/2}
\begin{scope}[rotate=90,xscale=0.6,yscale=1]
\pgfmathsetmacro{\cumnum}{0}
\foreach [count=\n] \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
\pgfmathsetmacro{\newcumnum}{\cumnum + \value/\totalnum*360}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midangle}{-(\cumnum+\newcumnum)/2}
\filldraw[draw=white,fill=\colour] (-\cumnum:\outerradius) arc (-\cumnum:-(\newcumnum):\outerradius) --
(-\newcumnum:\innerradius) arc (-\newcumnum:-(\cumnum):\innerradius) -- cycle;
\fill[darkgray!25] circle (\innerradius);
\draw node [text=white, font=\bfseries] (inner \n) at (\midangle:{\innerradius+\wheelwidth/2}) {\name};
\global\let\cumnum=\newcumnum
}
\node[scale=1.0, color=black, font=\bfseries](\innerradius) {A};
\end{scope}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\piechartthreed[scale=0.8,
background color=orange!50,
mix color= darkgray]
{40/green,60/blue,90/red,50/orange,120/yellow}
\foreach \i in {1,...,5} { \fill (pc \i) circle (.5mm);}
\draw[darkgray] (pc 1) -- ++(4,0) coordinate (s1) node[anchor=south east] {Sector 1}
node[anchor=north east] {11\%};
\draw[darkgray] (pc 5) -- (pc 5 -| s1) node[anchor=south east] {Sector 5}
node[anchor=north east] {33\%};
\draw[darkgray] (pc 2) -- ++(1,1) coordinate (s2) -- (s2 -| s1) node[anchor=south east] {Sector 2}
node[anchor=north east] {17\%};
\draw[darkgray] (pc 3) -- ++(-4,0) coordinate (s3) node[anchor=south west] {Sector 3}
node[anchor=north west] {14\%};
\draw[darkgray] (pc 4) -- ++(-1,-1) coordinate (s4) --(s4 -| s3) node[anchor=south west] {Sector 4}
node[anchor=north west] {25\%};
\def\innerradius{0.7cm}
\def\outerradius{2cm}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\centerradius}{(\outerradius + \innerradius)/2}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\donutcenter}{\innerradius/2}
\innerchartthreed{18/gray/1,12/purple/2}
\draw[darkgray] (inner 1) -- (inner 1-|s1) node[anchor=south east] {inner
sector 1};
\draw[darkgray] (inner 2) -- (inner 2|-s2) node[anchor=south] {inner
sector 2};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
我在其中\piechartthreed定义节点并使用它们制作指向外部的线。任何进一步的改进都需要单独的问题。
答案2
这轮图我写的包，可以使用。
这两个层是通过绘制两个单独的轮图来实现的。第一个轮图有内半径 1 和外半径 2。第二个轮图有内半径 2 和外半径 3。
\documentclass[border=6pt,dvipsnames]{standalone}
\usepackage{wheelchart}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfkeys{
/wheelchart,
data=,
slices style={
top color=\WCvarB!50,
bottom color=\WCvarB
},
wheel data=\WCvarC,
wheel data style=white
}
\wheelchart[
middle=A,
middle fill={
top color=gray!50,
bottom color=gray
},
middle style={font=\bfseries},
radius={1}{2}
]{%
346/NavyBlue/x,
14/Maroon/y%
}
\wheelchart{%
320/SpringGreen/a,
16/Purple/b,
10/Cerulean/c,
9/YellowOrange/d,
5/RoyalBlue/e%
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案3
我对 3D 示例进行了如下编辑
\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{fadings}
\pgfkeys{%
/piechartthreed/.cd,
scale/.code = {\def\piechartthreedscale{#1}},
mix color/.code = {\def\piechartthreedmixcolor{#1}},
background color/.code = {\def\piechartthreedbackcolor{#1}},
name/.code = {\def\piechartthreedname{#1}}}
\newcommand\piechartthreed[2][]{%
\pgfkeys{/piechartthreed/.cd,
scale = 1,
mix color = gray,
background color = white,
name = pc}
\pgfqkeys{/piechartthreed}{#1}
\begin{scope}[scale=\piechartthreedscale]
\begin{scope}[xscale=5,yscale=3]
\path[preaction={fill=black,opacity=.8,
path fading=circle with fuzzy edge 20 percent,
transform canvas={yshift=-15mm*\piechartthreedscale}}] (0,0) circle (1cm);
\fill[gray](0,0) circle (0.5cm);
\path[preaction={fill=\piechartthreedbackcolor,opacity=.8,
path fading=circle with fuzzy edge 20 percent,
transform canvas={yshift=-10mm*\piechartthreedscale}}] (0,0) circle (0.5cm);
\pgfmathsetmacro\totan{0}
\global\let\totan\totan
\pgfmathsetmacro\bottoman{180} \global\let\bottoman\bottoman
\pgfmathsetmacro\toptoman{0} \global\let\toptoman\toptoman
\begin{scope}[draw=black,thin]
\foreach \an/\col [count=\xi] in {#2}{%
\def\space{ }
\coordinate (\piechartthreedname\space\xi) at (\totan+\an/2:0.75cm);
\ifdim 180pt>\totan pt
\ifdim 0pt=\toptoman pt
\shadedraw[left color=\col!20!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
right color=\col!5!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
draw=black,very thin] (0:.5cm) -- ++(0,-3mm) arc (0:\totan+\an:.5cm)
-- ++(0,3mm) arc (\totan+\an:0:.5cm);
\pgfmathsetmacro\toptoman{180}
\global\let\toptoman\toptoman
\else
\shadedraw[left color=\col!20!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
right color=\col!5!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
draw=black,very thin](\totan:.5cm)-- ++(0,-3mm) arc(\totan:\totan+\an:.5cm)
-- ++(0,3mm) arc(\totan+\an:\totan:.5cm);
\fi
\fi
\fill[\col!20!gray,draw=black] (\totan:0.5cm)--(\totan:1cm) arc(\totan:\totan+\an:1cm)
--(\totan+\an:0.5cm) arc(\totan+\an:\totan :0.5cm);
\pgfmathsetmacro\finan{\totan+\an}
\ifdim 180pt<\finan pt
\ifdim 180pt=\bottoman pt
\shadedraw[left color=\col!20!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
right color=\col!5!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
draw=black,very thin] (180:1cm) -- ++(0,-3mm) arc (180:\totan+\an:1cm)
-- ++(0,3mm) arc (\totan+\an:180:1cm);
\pgfmathsetmacro\bottoman{0}
\global\let\bottoman\bottoman
\else
\shadedraw[left color=\col!20!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
right color=\col!5!\piechartthreedmixcolor,
draw=black,very thin](\totan:1cm)-- ++(0,-3mm) arc(\totan:\totan+\an:1cm)
-- ++(0,3mm) arc(\totan+\an:\totan:1cm);
\fi
\fi
\pgfmathsetmacro\totan{\totan+\an} \global\let\totan\totan
}
\end{scope}
\draw[thin,black](0,0) circle (0.5cm);
\end{scope}
\end{scope}
}
\newcommand{\innerchartthreed}[1]{
% Calculate total
\pgfmathsetmacro{\totalnum}{0}
\foreach \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
\pgfmathparse{\value+\totalnum}
\global\let\totalnum=\pgfmathresult
}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\wheelwidth}{\outerradius-\innerradius}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midradius}{(\outerradius+\innerradius)/2}
\begin{scope}[rotate=90,xscale=0.6,yscale=1]
\pgfmathsetmacro{\cumnum}{0}
\foreach [count=\n] \value/\colour/\name in {#1} {
\pgfmathsetmacro{\newcumnum}{\cumnum + \value/\totalnum*360}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\midangle}{-(\cumnum+\newcumnum)/2}
\filldraw[draw=white,fill=\colour] (-\cumnum:\outerradius) arc (-\cumnum:-(\newcumnum):\outerradius) --
(-\newcumnum:\innerradius) arc (-\newcumnum:-(\cumnum):\innerradius) -- cycle;
\fill[white] circle (\innerradius);
\draw node [text=white, font=\bfseries] (inner \n) at (\midangle:{\innerradius+\wheelwidth/2}) {\name};
\global\let\cumnum=\newcumnum
}
\end{scope}
}
\begin{document}
\definecolor{ao(english)}{rgb}{0.0, 0.5, 0.0}
\definecolor{azure(colorwheel)}{rgb}{0.0, 0.5, 1.0}
\definecolor{cardinal}{rgb}{0.77, 0.12, 0.23}
\definecolor{caribbeangreen}{rgb}{0.0, 0.8, 0.6}
\definecolor{carolinablue}{rgb}{0.6, 0.73, 0.89}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\piechartthreed[scale=0.8,
background color=orange!50,
mix color= darkgray]
{316/green,16/blue,11/red,10/orange,7/yellow}
\foreach \i in {1,...,5} { \fill (pc \i) circle (.5mm);}
\draw[darkgray] (pc 1) -- ++(-2,0) coordinate (s1) node[anchor=south east] {Sector 1}
node[anchor=north east] {11\%};
\draw[darkgray] (pc 5) -- (6,1) node[anchor=south west] {Sector 2}
node[anchor=north west] {33\%};
\draw[darkgray] (pc 3) -- ++(3,-1) coordinate (s3) node[anchor=south west] {Sector 3}
node[anchor=north west] {14\%};
\draw[darkgray] (pc 4) -- ++(3,0) coordinate (s4) node[anchor=south west] {Sector 4}
node[anchor=north west] {25\%};
\draw[darkgray] (pc 2) -- ++(3,-2) coordinate (s2) -- (s2 -| s4) node[anchor=south west] {Sector 5} node[anchor=north west] {17\%};
\def\innerradius{0.7cm}
\def\outerradius{2cm}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\centerradius}{(\outerradius + \innerradius)/2}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\donutcenter}{\innerradius/2}
\innerchartthreed{60/cardinal/,300/azure(colorwheel)/}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
得到以下图表
但是，剩下唯一要做的事情就是将内甜甜圈的红色切片与称为扇区 2 和扇区 4 的外甜甜圈切片同步。玩这个\innerchartthreed并没有太大帮助。