![我怎样才能使第一列与第二列和第三列逐行对齐?](https://linux22.com/image/371965/%E6%88%91%E6%80%8E%E6%A0%B7%E6%89%8D%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%BF%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E5%88%97%E4%B8%8E%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%88%97%E5%92%8C%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%88%97%E9%80%90%E8%A1%8C%E5%AF%B9%E9%BD%90%EF%BC%9F.png)
这个程序的一部分使用宏来输入伪代码。但是宏没有提供在右端输入注释的制表符。我自己使用表格环境做了制表符注释(显示了两个版本)。但这两列不对齐。我该如何对齐它们?
\documentclass{book}
\usepackage{clrscode3e} % Macro by Cormen for typing algorithm in his book
\usepackage{multirow}
\begin{document}
\title{check}
\author{author}
\maketitle
\begin{tabular}{lll}
\multirow{9}{*}{
\begin{minipage}[]{9cm}
\begin{codebox}
\Procname{$\proc{Insertion-Sort}(A)$}
\li \For $j \gets 2$ \To $\attrib{A}{length}$
\li \Do
$\id{key} \gets A[j]$
\li \Comment Insert $A[j]$ into the sorted sequence.
\li $i \gets j-1$
\li \While $i > 0$ and $A[i] > \id{key}$
\li \Do
$A[i+1] \gets A[i]$
\li $i \gets i-1$
\End
\li $A[i+1] \gets \id{key}$
\End
\end{codebox}
\end{minipage}
}
& \begin{minipage}[]{4em}\vskip 3ex cost \end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[]{5em}\vskip 3ex times \end{minipage} \\
& $c_1$ & $n$ \\
& $0$ & $n-1$ \\
& $c_4$ & $n-1$ \\
& $c_5$ & $\sum_{j=2}^n t_j$\\
& $c_6$ & $\sum_{j=2}^n t_j-1$\\
& $c_7$ & $\sum_{j=2}^n t_j-1$\\
& $c_8$ & $n-1$
\end{tabular}
\vskip 10ex
\begin{tabular}{lll}
\begin{minipage}[]{9cm}
\begin{codebox}
\Procname{$\proc{Insertion-Sort}(A)$}
\li \For $j \gets 2$ \To $\attrib{A}{length}$
\li \Do
$\id{key} \gets A[j]$
\li \Comment Insert $A[j]$ into the sorted sequence.
\li $i \gets j-1$
\li \While $i > 0$ and $A[i] > \id{key}$
\li \Do
$A[i+1] \gets A[i]$
\li $i \gets i-1$
\End
\li $A[i+1] \gets \id{key}$
\End
\end{codebox}
\end{minipage}
&
\begin{minipage}[]{4ex}
cost \\
$c_1$ \\
$0$ \\
$c_4$ \\
$c_5$ \\
$c_6$ \\
$c_7$ \\
$c_8$
\end{minipage}
& \begin{minipage}[]{5em}times \\
$n$ \\
$n-1$ \\
$n-1$ \\
$\sum_{j=2}^n t_j$\\
$\sum_{j=2}^n t_j-1$\\
$\sum_{j=2}^n t_j-1$\\
$n-1$
\end{minipage}
\end{tabular}
\end{document}
答案1
两个表格必须具有相同的列设计。为此,我建议使用tabularx
表格环境。使用它后,minipage
s 就不再是必要的了。您还应该注意multirow
单元格中的行数和它跨越的单元格数,它们应该相等。除此之外,还需要考虑上方的垂直空间\begin{codebox}
。它可以被删除,\vspace*{-1.5\baselineskip}
以便在表格行之间留出更多空间,我添加了包makecell
并使用它们的宏\setcellgapes{2pt}
和\makegapedcells
:
\documentclass{book}
\usepackage{clrscode3e} % Macro by Cormen for typing algorithm in his book
\usepackage{makecell, multirow, tabularx}
\setcellgapes{1pt}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\title{check}
\author{author}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
{ % for make a group in which is valid \makegapedcells
\makegapedcells
\noindent\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{@{} X >{$}l<{$} >{$}p{22mm}<{$}
@{}}
\multirow[t]{9}{=}{\vspace*{-1.5\baselineskip} % <-- remove top vertical space of `codebox`
\begin{codebox}
\Procname{$\proc{Insertion-Sort}(A)$}
\li \For $j \gets 2$ \To $\attrib{A}{length}$
\li \Do
$\id{key} \gets A[j]$
\li \Comment Insert $A[j]$ into the sorted sequence.
\li $i \gets j-1$
\li \While $i > 0$ and $A[i] > \id{key}$
\li \Do
$A[i+1] \gets A[i]$
\li $i \gets i-1$
\End
\li $A[i+1] \gets \id{key}$
\End
\end{codebox}
}
& \text{cost} & times \\
& c_1 & n \\
& 0 & n-1 \\
& c_4 & n-1 \\
& c_5 & \sum_{j=2}^n t_j \\
& c_6 & \sum_{j=2}^n t_j-1 \\
& c_7 & \sum_{j=2}^n t_j-1 \\
& c_8 & n-1 \\
\end{tabularx}
\vskip 10ex
\noindent\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{@{} X >{$}l<{$} >{$}p{22mm}<{$}
@{}}
\multirow[t]{9}{=}{\vspace*{-1.5\baselineskip} % <-- remove top vertical space of `codebox`
\begin{codebox}
\Procname{$\proc{Insertion-Sort}(A)$}
\li \For $j \gets 2$ \To $\attrib{A}{length}$
\li \Do
$\id{key} \gets A[j]$
\li \Comment Insert $A[j]$ into the sorted sequence.
\li $i \gets j-1$
\li \While $i > 0$ and $A[i] > \id{key}$
\li \Do
$A[i+1] \gets A[i]$
\li $i \gets i-1$
\End
\li $A[i+1] \gets \id{key}$
\End
\end{codebox}
}
& \text{cost} & times \\
& c_1 & n \\
& 0 & n-1 \\
& c_4 & n-1 \\
& c_5 & \sum_{j=2}^n t_j \\
& c_6 & \sum_{j=2}^n t_j-1 \\
& c_7 & \sum_{j=2}^n t_j-1 \\
& c_8 & n-1
\end{tabularx}
} % end of group
\end{document}