定理和证明中的编号相同

Question

在我的论文中，如果数定理陈述为1.12，则证明为1.13。如何使证明的数量为 1.12？

我用

\theoremstyle{plain}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
\newtheorem{corollary}[secn]{Corollary}
\newtheorem{proposition}[secn]{Proposition}
\newtheorem{lemma}[secn]{Lemma}
\newtheorem{problem}[secn]{Problem}
\newtheorem{pd}{Problem Statement}
\newtheorem{proof}[secn]{Proof}
\begin{proof}

\end{proof}

我变得像这样：

引理 2.9 ..............................................

.........................................

证明 2.10 我们有两种情况。

这不起作用：

\theoremstyle{plain}
\newtheorem{theorem}[secn]{Theorem}
\newtheorem{corollary}[secn]{Corollary}
\newtheorem{proposition}[secn]{Proposition}
\newtheorem{lemma}[secn]{Lemma}
\newtheorem{problem}[secn]{Problem}
\newtheorem{pd}{Problem Statement}
\newtheorem{proof}[secn]{Proof}


\usepackage{ntheorem}
\theoremstyle{plain}
%newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
% ...
%\newtheorem{proof}[theorem]{Proof} % 'proof' and 'theorem' use same counter variable

\usepackage{etoolbox}
\AtBeginEnvironment{proof}{\addtocounter{theorem}{-1}}

Answer 1

这会为每个证明分配紧接在前的语句的编号，但使用可选参数来覆盖它。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{ntheorem}

\theoremstyle{plain}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}
\newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition}
\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}
\newtheorem{problem}[theorem]{Problem}
\newtheorem{pd}{Problem Statement}

\theorembodyfont{\normalfont}
\newtheorem{proofinner}{Proof}

\newenvironment{proof}[1][]
 {\if\relax\detokenize{#1}\relax
    % no optional argument
    \renewcommand\theproofinner{\thetheorem}%
  \else
    \renewcommand{\theproofinner}{#1}%
  \fi
  \proofinner}
 {\endproofinner}

\begin{document}

\section{Title}

\begin{theorem}\label{thm:main}
Main theorem
\end{theorem}

\begin{lemma}
Whatever
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
Here it is.
\end{proof}

\begin{theorem}
Whatever
\end{theorem}

\begin{proof}
Here it is.
\end{proof}

\begin{proof}[\ref{thm:main}]
Proof of main.
\end{proof}

\end{document}

Answer 2

可以在定理 1.12 结束后、相关证明开始前手动1从定理计数器中减去。此过程可以借助etoolbox包及其\AtBeginEnvironment指令自动完成。

（这假设proof应该总是携带与其关联的定理类环境相同的数字。如果您偶尔需要覆盖这一点，只需\addtocounter{theorem}{1}在 之前提供一个语句即可\begin{proof}。）

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{ntheorem}
\theoremstyle{plain}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
% ...
\newtheorem{proof}[theorem]{Proof} % 'proof' and 'theorem' use same counter variable

\usepackage{etoolbox}
\AtBeginEnvironment{proof}{\addtocounter{theorem}{-1}}

\begin{document}
\setcounter{section}{1} % just for this example
\setcounter{theorem}{11}

\begin{theorem} bla bla bla \end{theorem}
\begin{proof}   ble ble ble \end{proof}

\end{document}