我尝试使用 TikZmatrix of nodes重建先前创建的图像。目标如下：
对此我有两个一般性问题：1) 有没有更“TikZy”的方式来创建插图中具有相应大小并跨越多行的矩形？2) 如何缩放整个图像，使其适合纵向 A4 纸（下图是在横向 A3 纸上创建的）？
我到目前为止所做的（代码和当前结果图像附在下面）：
为了创建“Job Builder”、“GNU Parallel”和“Computing Cluster”形状，我创建了节点并将相应的矩形拟合到其中。如果我现在使用所述缩放比例这里（添加[scale=0.6, every node/.style={scale=0.6}]到 tikzpicture），阴影节点作为拟合点变得可见（最后一张图）。此外，节点之间的关系变得很奇怪。有没有办法缩放整个插图，因为可以使用语句来做到这一点\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{...}？
\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{lscape}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds,matrix,fit}
\tikzset{
>=latex,
every path/.style={thick},
grey_vertex/.style={rectangle, draw, thick, top color=white, bottom color=black!20, draw=black!50, align=center, minimum size = 10pt},
edge_label/.style={auto, font={\tiny\itshape}},
vertex_bg_good/.style={rectangle,thick,bottom color=green!20,top color=green!10}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix(m)[row sep=5mm, column sep=15mm, matrix of nodes, nodes={grey_vertex, circle, text width=4.7em}, font=\footnotesize]
{
{Parameters\\EA 1} & & {Config\\EA 1} & & {EA\\Template} & {Input\\Files} & \node(mRes1){Results\\EA 1}; & \node(mSta1){Statistics\\EA 1}; \\
{Parameters\\EA 2} & \node(m22){}; & {Config\\EA 2} & & & & \node(mRes2){Results\\EA 2}; & \node(mSta2){Statistics\\EA 2}; \\
& & & {jobs.sh} & \node(mPar1){}; & \node(mPar2){}; & & \\
{...} & \node(m42){}; & {...} & & & & \node(mResx){...}; & \node(mStax){...}; \\
{Parameters\\EA n} & & {Config\\EA n} & & \node(mclu1){}; & \node(mclu2){}; & \node(mResn){Results\\EA n}; & \node(mStan){Statistics\\EA n}; \\
};
\node[grey_vertex, rectangle, rounded corners, fit=(m22)(m42)] (BG1) {Job\\Builder};
\node[grey_vertex, rectangle, rounded corners, fit=(mPar1)(mPar2)] (BG2) {GNU\\Parallel};
\node[grey_vertex, rectangle, rounded corners, fit=(mclu1)(mclu2)] (BG3) {Computing\\Cluster};
\begin{scope}[on background layer]
\node[vertex_bg_good,draw,fit=(mRes1)(mSta1)] (mFRes1) {};
\node[vertex_bg_good,draw,fit=(mRes2)(mSta2)] (mFRes2) {};
\node[vertex_bg_good,draw,fit=(mResx)(mStax)] (mFResx) {};
\node[vertex_bg_good,draw,fit=(mResn)(mStan)] (mFResn) {};
\end{scope}
\draw[->] (m-1-1) -- (BG1);
\draw[->] (m-2-1) -- (BG1);
\draw[->] (m-4-1) -- (BG1);
\draw[->] (m-5-1) -- (BG1);
\draw[->] (BG1) -- (m-1-3);
\draw[->] (BG1) -- (m-2-3);
\draw[->] (BG1) -- (m-4-3);
\draw[->] (BG1) -- (m-5-3);
\draw[->] (m-1-3) -- (m-3-4);
\draw[->] (m-2-3) -- (m-3-4);
\draw[->] (m-4-3) -- (m-3-4);
\draw[->] (m-5-3) -- (m-3-4);
\draw[->] (m-3-4) -- (BG2);
\draw[->] (m-1-5) -- (BG2);
\draw[->] (m-1-6) -- (BG2);
\draw[->] (BG2) edge[bend left=30] (BG3);
\draw[->] (BG3) edge[bend left=30] (BG2);
\draw[->] (BG2.east) -- (mFRes1.south west);
\draw[->] (BG2.east) -- (mFRes2.south west);
\draw[->] (BG2.east) -- (mFResx.north west);
\draw[->] (BG2.east) -- (mFResn.north west);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
当前结果在 A3 纸和横向上未经缩放。
当前结果在 A4 纸和纵向上缩放。
答案1
为了避免层（和其他层）重新缩放的复杂性，您可以使用\resizebox，除非tikzpicture内容&是由于基质材料。在这种情况下，必须将&中的 更改为其他内容 ：例如\&按照手册的建议并添加选项 ：ampersand replacement=\&。
\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{lscape,graphicx}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds,matrix,fit}
\tikzset{
>=latex,
every path/.style={thick},
grey_vertex/.style={rectangle, draw, thick, top color=white, bottom color=black!20, draw=black!50, align=center, minimum size = 10pt},
edge_label/.style={auto, font={\tiny\itshape}},
vertex_bg_good/.style={rectangle,thick,bottom color=green!20,top color=green!10}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}
\resizebox{\linewidth}{!}{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[ampersand replacement=\&]
\matrix(m)[row sep=5mm, column sep=15mm, matrix of nodes, nodes={grey_vertex, circle, text width=4.7em}, font=\footnotesize]
{
{Parameters\\EA 1} \& \& {Config\\EA 1} \& \& {EA\\Template} \& {Input\\Files} \& \node(mRes1){Results\\EA 1}; \& \node(mSta1){Statistics\\EA 1}; \\
{Parameters\\EA 2} \& \node(m22){}; \& {Config\\EA 2} \& \& \& \& \node(mRes2){Results\\EA 2}; \& \node(mSta2){Statistics\\EA 2}; \\
\& \& \& {jobs.sh} \& \node(mPar1){}; \& \node(mPar2){}; \& \& \\
{...} \& \node(m42){}; \& {...} \& \& \& \& \node(mResx){...}; \& \node(mStax){...}; \\
{Parameters\\EA n} \& \& {Config\\EA n} \& \& \node(mclu1){}; \& \node(mclu2){}; \& \node(mResn){Results\\EA n}; \& \node(mStan){Statistics\\EA n}; \\
};
\node[grey_vertex, rectangle, rounded corners, fit=(m22)(m42)] (BG1) {Job\\Builder};
\node[grey_vertex, rectangle, rounded corners, fit=(mPar1)(mPar2)] (BG2) {GNU\\Parallel};
\node[grey_vertex, rectangle, rounded corners, fit=(mclu1)(mclu2)] (BG3) {Computing\\Cluster};
\begin{scope}[on background layer]
\node[vertex_bg_good,draw,fit=(mRes1)(mSta1)] (mFRes1) {};
\node[vertex_bg_good,draw,fit=(mRes2)(mSta2)] (mFRes2) {};
\node[vertex_bg_good,draw,fit=(mResx)(mStax)] (mFResx) {};
\node[vertex_bg_good,draw,fit=(mResn)(mStan)] (mFResn) {};
\end{scope}
\draw[->] (m-1-1) -- (BG1);
\draw[->] (m-2-1) -- (BG1);
\draw[->] (m-4-1) -- (BG1);
\draw[->] (m-5-1) -- (BG1);
\draw[->] (BG1) -- (m-1-3);
\draw[->] (BG1) -- (m-2-3);
\draw[->] (BG1) -- (m-4-3);
\draw[->] (BG1) -- (m-5-3);
\draw[->] (m-1-3) -- (m-3-4);
\draw[->] (m-2-3) -- (m-3-4);
\draw[->] (m-4-3) -- (m-3-4);
\draw[->] (m-5-3) -- (m-3-4);
\draw[->] (m-3-4) -- (BG2);
\draw[->] (m-1-5) -- (BG2);
\draw[->] (m-1-6) -- (BG2);
\draw[->] (BG2) edge[bend left=30] (BG3);
\draw[->] (BG3) edge[bend left=30] (BG2);
\draw[->] (BG2.east) -- (mFRes1.south west);
\draw[->] (BG2.east) -- (mFRes2.south west);
\draw[->] (BG2.east) -- (mFResx.north west);
\draw[->] (BG2.east) -- (mFResn.north west);
\end{tikzpicture}}
\end{figure}
\end{document}