表格数学模式下最后一列的垂直对齐

Question

我已看到与此问题相关的其他帖子，但我无法将表格的最后一列垂直居中：

\documentclass{article} 
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}

\newcolumntype{L}{>{$}l<{$}} 
\newcolumntype{M}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash$}m{#1}<{$}}

%_________________________________


\begin{document}

    \rowcolors{1}{gray!5}{gray!15}

    \begin{tabular}{M{1cm} M{1cm} M{1cm}}
        a&b&c\\[14pt]
        u&v&w\\[14pt]
    \end{tabular}

\end{document}

显然，(\centering)\arraybackslash这里没有解决方案。

编辑：

我不知道这是否可行，但我会编辑我的问题以回应 CarLaTeX 的回答。我最终想要做的是

\documentclass{article} 
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}

\newcolumntype{L}{>{$}l<{$}} 


\begin{document}

\rowcolors{1}{gray!5}{gray!15}
\begin{tabular}{L L}
    %
    (1+x)^{\alpha}
    &=1+ \alpha x+\frac{\alpha(\alpha-1)}{2!}x^{2}+\cdots+\frac{\alpha(\alpha-1)\cdots(\alpha-n+1)}{n!}x^{n}+\mathcal{O}\left(x^{n+1}\right)
    \\[14pt]
    %
    \frac{1}{\sqrt{1+x}}
    &=1-\frac{x}{2}+\frac{3}{8}x^{2}-\cdots+(-1)^{n}\frac{1\times 3\times\cdots.\times.(2n-1)}{2\times 4\times\cdot\times 2n}x^{n}+\mathcal{O}\left(x^{n+1}\right)
    \\[14pt]
\end{tabular}

\end{document}

但垂直居中。根据 CarLateX 关于列的最小宽度的建议，

\documentclass{article} 
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}
\tikzset{
    mymatrix/.style = {
        matrix of math nodes, 
        nodes={inner ysep=7pt, minimum width=4cm, text height=2ex, text depth=.75ex},
        every odd row/.style={nodes={fill=gray!5}},
        every even row/.style={nodes={fill=gray!15}},
        row sep=-\pgflinewidth, 
        column sep=-\pgflinewidth, 
        inner sep=0pt
    },
}

\begin{document}




    \begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix[mymatrix]{
    (1+x)^{\alpha}
    &=1+ \alpha x+\frac{\alpha(\alpha-1)}{2!}x^{2}+\cdots+\frac{\alpha(\alpha-1)\cdot\ldots\cdot(\alpha-n+1)}{n!}x^{n}+\mathcal{O}\left(x^{n+1}\right)
    \\
    %
    \frac{1}{\sqrt{1+x}}
    &=1-\frac{x}{2}+\frac{3}{8}x^{2}-\ldots+(-1)^{n}\frac{1\times 3\times\ldots\times(2n-1)}{2\times 4\times\ldots\times 2n}x^{n}+\mathcal{O}\left(x^{n+1}\right)
    \\  };
\end{tikzpicture}   

\end{document}

我明白了

例如。但是，当然，我不希望第一列与第二列一样长。

另外，我该如何将文本刷新到节点左侧？使用anchor = west，可以锚定节点而不是文本。

Answer 1

添加一个非常大的支柱：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}

\newcolumntype{L}{>{$\bigggstrut}l<{$}}
\newcommand{\bigggstrut}{\vphantom{\left|\vbox to 18pt{}\right.}}


\begin{document}

\rowcolors{1}{gray!5}{gray!15}
\begin{tabular}{LL}
(1+x)^{\alpha}
&=1+\alpha x+\frac{\alpha(\alpha-1)}{2!}x^{2}+\dots
   +\frac{\alpha(\alpha-1)\dots(\alpha-n+1)}{n!}x^{n}
   +\mathcal{O}(x^{n+1})
\\
\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+x}}
&=1-\frac{x}{2}+\frac{3}{8}x^{2}-\dots
  +(-1)^{n}\frac{1\times 3\times\dots\times(2n-1)}
                {2\times 4\times\dots\times 2n}x^{n}
  +\mathcal{O}(x^{n+1})
\end{tabular}

\end{document}

Answer 2

或者，您可以尝试 TikZ matrix of math nodes。

也许您必须根据单元格的实际内容来调整text width或其他选项，如text height和。text depth

\documentclass{article} 
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}
\tikzset{
    mymatrix/.style = {
        matrix of math nodes, 
        nodes={
            inner ysep=7pt,
            inner xsep=0pt,  
            text height=4ex, text depth=2ex
        },
        column 1/.style={nodes={text width=4em, align=right}},
        column 3/.style={nodes={text width=30em, align=left}},
        every odd row/.style={nodes={fill=gray!5}},
        every even row/.style={nodes={fill=gray!15}},
        row sep=-\pgflinewidth, 
        column sep=-\pgflinewidth, 
        inner sep=0pt
    },
}


\begin{document}


    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \matrix[mymatrix]{
        (1+x)^{\alpha}
        &{}={}& 1 + \alpha x + \dfrac{\alpha(\alpha-1)}{2!}x^{2} + \dotsm + \dfrac{\alpha(\alpha-1)\dotsm(\alpha-n+1)}{n!}x^{n} + \mathcal{O}\left(x^{n+1}\right)     \\
        \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+x}}
        &{}={}& 1 - \dfrac{x}{2} + \dfrac{3}{8}x^{2} - \cdots+(-1)^{n}\dfrac{1\times 3\times\dotsm\times(2n-1)}{2\times 4\times\dotsm\times 2n} x^{n} + \mathcal{O}\left(x^{n+1}\right) \\
    };
    \end{tikzpicture}

 \end{document}

Answer 3

array在每个表格行的末尾rule都有：strut

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}

\begin{document}

\rowcolors{1}{gray!5}{gray!15}
\[
    \begin{array}{r@{\;} l<{\rule[-2em]{0pt}{4.5em}}}
(1+x)^{\alpha}
    & = 1 + \alpha x + \dfrac{\alpha(\alpha-1)}{2!}x^{2} + \dotsm + \dfrac{\alpha(\alpha-1)\dotsm(\alpha-n+1)}{n!}x^{n} + \mathcal{O}\left(x^{n+1}\right)     \\
\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+x}}
     & = 1 - \dfrac{x}{2} + \dfrac{3}{8}x^{2} - \cdots+(-1)^{n}\dfrac{1\times 3\times\dotsm\times(2n-1)}{2\times 4\times\dotsm\times 2n} x^{n} + \mathcal{O}\left(x^{n+1}\right)
\end{array}
\]
\end{document}