如果你看一下这个例子中的脚注，你会看到两个脚注之间有一个较大的垂直间距（对我的文档来说很正常）。然后第二个和第三个脚注之间的垂直间距略小，最后两个脚注之间完全没有垂直间距。
我怀疑这是因为最后两个脚注在我的自定义我的诗环境，但是我不太了解（XeLa）Tex 的内部工作原理，因此无法理解我所指的变量是什么......
删除标有“删除脚注缩进”的块确实可以消除奇怪的间距问题，但我的脚注格式不正确：恼人的缩进（特别是第一章脚注看起来很糟糕）和多个脚注之间的间距太小。也许有比我从某个地方学到的这个魔法更好的方法来删除脚注缩进……
注：在 15 个章节中，这是我第一次遇到这个问题，但大多数时候每页最多只有 2 个脚注。真正的书使用不同的字体和更漂亮的章节标题，但我尝试尽可能地减少 MWE，但仍然重现了间距问题。如果它仍然很长，请原谅。
平均能量损失
% !TEX TS-program = xelatex
% !TEX encoding = UTF-8
% this allows us to use real characters like æ instead of macros like \ae
\documentclass[letterpaper,titlepage,twoside,openright,10pt]{book}
\usepackage[paperwidth=9in,paperheight=6in]{geometry}
%Extra customizations for XeLateX
\usepackage{xltxtra}
%loads fontspec, realscripts, metalogo
\usepackage[shortcuts]{extdash}
% \-/ allows hyphenation of words and after the explicit hyphen
% \=/ allows hyphenation of the words, but not after the explicit hyphen
%XeLateX can't use babel, so use polyglossia instead
%(primarily to get proper hyphenation in the other languages)
\usepackage{polyglossia}
\setdefaultlanguage[variant=american]{english}
\setotherlanguages{icelandic,danish,norsk,swedish}
%Use correct quotation style based on language (must use \enquote{})
\usepackage[autostyle]{csquotes}
\DeclareQuoteStyle{english}{“}{”}{‘}{’}%modern
\DeclareQuoteStyle{islenzk}{„}{“}{‚}{‘}%modern and traditional
\DeclareQuoteAlias{islenzk}{icelandic}
%Parallel columns for facing translations
\usepackage{paracol}
\footnotelayout{p} %full page footnotes
\setlength{\columnsep}{30 pt} %more space between the columns
%Narrow columns often results in words sticking out of the column
%Settings to prevent overfull hbox causing this
\pretolerance=100 %default=100
\tolerance=400 %default=200
\hbadness=399 %best set at tolerance-1
\setlength{\emergencystretch}{0.5em} %default=0
%Chapter footnotes are un-numbered
\makeatletter
\def\chfootnote{\gdef\@thefnmark{}\@footnotetext}
\makeatother
\newcommand{\Arnason}{
Translated from \textit{Íslenzkar Þjóðsögur og Æfintýri}, Jón Árnason;
Leipzig, 1864.
}
%Remove the indent for footnotes
\makeatletter
\renewcommand{\@makefntext}[1]{%
\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}%
\begin{list}{}{\setlength{\labelwidth}{0.5em}%
\setlength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}%
\setlength{\labelsep}{3pt}%
\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}%
\setlength{\parsep}{0pt}%
\setlength{\topsep}{0pt}%
\footnotesize}%
\item[\@makefnmark\hfil]#1%
\end{list}%
}
\makeatother
%Custom environment for typsetting short verses
\usepackage{environ}
\usepackage[vskip=0em,indentfirst=false]{quoting}
\NewEnviron{myverse}{%
\begin{quoting}
\emph{\BODY}
\end{quoting}
}
\begin{document}
\chapter[The Story of Koltrinu]{The Story of Koltrinu\\Koltrýnu Saga}
\begin{paracol}{2}
\chfootnote{\Arnason
Told by Sveinbjörn Guðmundsson from Móar, Iceland.
}
\switchcolumn[0]*
Ignore this page - look at the next page\pagebreak
\switchcolumn
\begin{icelandic}
Ignore this page - look at the next page\pagebreak
\unskip
\end{icelandic}
\switchcolumn*
After this, Helga dresses herself in the rags of a beggar\-/woman and
smears ash all over herself until she no longer appears human. Prepared in
this way, she takes a staff and sets off from the cave. When she had
traveled a good distance she came across the guests: trolls and all kinds
of monsters.\footnote{Literally, \emph{villains.}} It was a
witch\-/ride,\footnote{Literally, a \emph{magic wand ride} usually
described as flying on a broomstick or riding on wolves.} with some of
them on horse legs and others flying on horse skulls. Among them was the
bridegroom; he asks the woman:
\switchcolumn
\begin{icelandic}
Eftir þetta fer Helga í förukerlingar flíkur, makar sig alla í framan með
öskukolum svo að á henni verður engin mannsmynd. Að því búnu tekur hún staf
í hönd og leggur af stað burt úr hellinum. Þegar hún er komin nokkuð
töluvert í burt þá fer hún að mæta boðsfólkinu, þussum og allra handa
óaldarlýð; reið það á gandreið, sumir hrossleggjum og sumir hrosshausum.
Þar á meðal var sjálfur brúðguminn. Hann spyr kerlingu:
\unskip
\end{icelandic}
\switchcolumn*
\begin{myverse}
Have you come from my cave of stone,\\
Koltrinu, you filthy old crone?\footnote{Literally,
\emph{Are you coming from my cave; you coal\-/snout?}}
\end{myverse}
\switchcolumn
\begin{icelandic}
\begin{myverse}
Kemur þú frá helli mín,\\
koltrýnan þín?
\end{myverse}
\unskip
\end{icelandic}
\switchcolumn*
She answers:
\switchcolumn
\begin{icelandic}
Hún svarar:
\unskip
\end{icelandic}
\switchcolumn*
\begin{myverse}
Yes, I saw your home.\\
The mugs were full of mead,\\
The bride was on the bench.\footnote{Note: this verse follows
the older convention of alliteration rather than end\-/rhyme.}
\end{myverse}
\switchcolumn
\begin{icelandic}
\begin{myverse}
Já, kom ég til þín.\\
Skenkt var á skálar,\\
brúður sat á bekk.
\end{myverse}
\unskip
\end{icelandic}
\switchcolumn*
He cries out: \enquote{Come on! Let's ride as fast as we can.}
\switchcolumn
\begin{icelandic}
Þá segir hann: \enquote{Kukk, kukk, og ríðum við sem harðast.}
\unskip
\end{icelandic}
\end{paracol}
\end{document}
答案1
您已经意识到的问题在于，您正在使用列表定义脚注文本的格式。verse列表也是如此，在这种情况下，您会得到一个具有不同设置（并从外部列表继承设置）的二级列表。请尝试此定义
\makeatletter
\footnotesep=10pt %or some other value
\renewcommand{\@makefntext}[1]{%
\leftskip=0.5em \makebox[0pt][r]{\makebox[0.5em][l]{\@makefnmark}}#1}
\makeatother
答案2
我找到了一个更好的答案，不需要修改脚注定义（我实际上更喜欢我使用的自定义脚注）。正如 Ulrike 指出的那样，问题在于脚注和诗句环境都是以列表的形式定义的。解决方案是使用诗环境（经过一些调整，删除了诗句上方和下方多余的空白）。
具体来说，用它来定义一节诗句：
\usepackage{verse}
\newcommand\vfix{-10pt}
\usepackage{environ}
\NewEnviron{myverse}{%
\vspace{\vfix}
\begin{verse}
\itshape
\BODY%
\end{verse}
\vspace{\vfix}
}
成功了。
以下是修复后的完整 MWE：
% !TEX TS-program = xelatex
% !TEX encoding = UTF-8
% this allows us to use real characters like æ instead of macros like \ae
\documentclass[letterpaper,titlepage,twoside,openright,10pt]{book}
\usepackage[paperwidth=9in,paperheight=6in]{geometry}
%Extra customizations for XeLateX
\usepackage{xltxtra}
%loads fontspec, realscripts, metalogo
\usepackage[shortcuts]{extdash}
% \-/ allows hyphenation of words and after the explicit hyphen
% \=/ allows hyphenation of the words, but not after the explicit hyphen
%XeLateX can't use babel, so use polyglossia instead
%(primarily to get proper hyphenation in the other languages)
\usepackage{polyglossia}
\setdefaultlanguage[variant=american]{english}
\setotherlanguages{icelandic,danish,norsk,swedish}
%Use correct quotation style based on language (must use \enquote{})
\usepackage[autostyle]{csquotes}
\DeclareQuoteStyle{english}{“}{”}{‘}{’}%modern
\DeclareQuoteStyle{islenzk}{„}{“}{‚}{‘}%modern and traditional
\DeclareQuoteAlias{islenzk}{icelandic}
%Parallel columns for facing translations
\usepackage{paracol}
\footnotelayout{p} %full page footnotes
\setlength{\columnsep}{30 pt} %more space between the columns
%Narrow columns often results in words sticking out of the column
%Settings to prevent overfull hbox causing this
\pretolerance=100 %default=100
\tolerance=400 %default=200
\hbadness=399 %best set at tolerance-1
\setlength{\emergencystretch}{0.5em} %default=0
%Chapter footnotes are un-numbered
\makeatletter
\def\chfootnote{\gdef\@thefnmark{}\@footnotetext}
\makeatother
\newcommand{\Arnason}{
Translated from \textit{Íslenzkar Þjóðsögur og Æfintýri}, Jón Árnason;
Leipzig, 1864.
}
%Remove the indent for footnotes
\makeatletter
\renewcommand{\@makefntext}[1]{%
\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}%
\begin{list}{}{\setlength{\labelwidth}{0.5em}%
\setlength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}%
\setlength{\labelsep}{3pt}%
\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}%
\setlength{\parsep}{0pt}%
\setlength{\topsep}{0pt}%
\footnotesize}%
\item[\@makefnmark\hfil]#1%
\end{list}%
}
\makeatother
%\makeatletter
%\footnotesep=0pt %or some other value
%\renewcommand{\@makefntext}[1]{%
%\makebox[0pt][r]{\makebox[0.5em][l]{\footnotesize\@makefnmark}}\footnotesize #1}
% \framebox[0.5em][r]{\framebox[0.5em][l]{\@makefnmark}}#1}
%\makeatother
%Custom environment for typsetting short verses
\usepackage{verse}
\newcommand\vfix{-10pt}
\usepackage{environ}
\NewEnviron{myverse}{%
\vspace{\vfix}
\begin{verse}
\itshape
\BODY%
\end{verse}
\vspace{\vfix}
}
\begin{document}
\chapter[The Story of Koltrinu]{The Story of Koltrinu\\Koltrýnu Saga}
\begin{paracol}{2}
\chfootnote{\Arnason
Told by Sveinbjörn Guðmundsson from Móar, Iceland.
}
\switchcolumn[0]*
Ignore this page - look at the next page\pagebreak
\switchcolumn
\begin{icelandic}
Ignore this page - look at the next page\pagebreak
\unskip
\end{icelandic}
\switchcolumn*
After this, Helga dresses herself in the rags of a beggar\-/woman and
smears ash all over herself until she no longer appears human. Prepared in
this way, she takes a staff and sets off from the cave. When she had
traveled a good distance she came across the guests: trolls and all kinds
of monsters.\footnote{Literally, \emph{villains.}} It was a
witch\-/ride,\footnote{Literally, a \emph{magic wand ride} usually
described as flying on a broomstick or riding on wolves.} with some of
them on horse legs and others flying on horse skulls. Among them was the
bridegroom; he asks the woman:
\switchcolumn
\begin{icelandic}
Eftir þetta fer Helga í förukerlingar flíkur, makar sig alla í framan með
öskukolum svo að á henni verður engin mannsmynd. Að því búnu tekur hún staf
í hönd og leggur af stað burt úr hellinum. Þegar hún er komin nokkuð
töluvert í burt þá fer hún að mæta boðsfólkinu, þussum og allra handa
óaldarlýð; reið það á gandreið, sumir hrossleggjum og sumir hrosshausum.
Þar á meðal var sjálfur brúðguminn. Hann spyr kerlingu:
\unskip
\end{icelandic}
\switchcolumn*
\begin{myverse}
Have you come from my cave of stone,\\
Koltrinu, you filthy old crone?\footnote{Literally,
\emph{Are you coming from my cave; you coal\-/snout?}}
\end{myverse}
\switchcolumn
\begin{icelandic}
\begin{myverse}
Kemur þú frá helli mín,\\
koltrýnan þín?
\end{myverse}
\unskip
\end{icelandic}
\switchcolumn*
She answers:
\switchcolumn
\begin{icelandic}
Hún svarar:
\unskip
\end{icelandic}
\switchcolumn*
\begin{myverse}
Yes, I saw your home.\\
The mugs were full of mead,\\
The bride was on the bench.\footnote{Note: this verse follows
the older convention of alliteration rather than end\-/rhyme.}
\end{myverse}
\switchcolumn
\begin{icelandic}
\begin{myverse}
Já, kom ég til þín.\\
Skenkt var á skálar,\\
brúður sat á bekk.
\end{myverse}
\unskip
\end{icelandic}
\switchcolumn*
He cries out: \enquote{Come on! Let's ride as fast as we can.}
\switchcolumn
\begin{icelandic}
Þá segir hann: \enquote{Kukk, kukk, og ríðum við sem harðast.}
\unskip
\end{icelandic}
\end{paracol}
\end{document}