☰

TikZ 中的重叠节点-纸上空间不足

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf nodes
TikZ 中的重叠节点-纸上空间不足

我需要节点不重叠，但我不知道该怎么做。我尝试过改变纸张大小、字体大小和最小节点大小。我会调整坐标以使节点之间有足够的空间，但它们不再适合页面。有没有办法获得更大的页面，或者有完全不同的解决方案？

这是我的代码：

（实际上我有五倍于此处发布的节点，为了更好的概览，我缩短了代码）

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,decorations.pathmorphing,
backgrounds,positioning,fit,petri}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
[knoten/.style={circle,draw=black,fill=white,thick,minimum size=5mm}]
\node[knoten] (100440122122) at (-2.3050251367735135,-2.127287738803567)  {Bous};
\node[knoten] (100420113113) at (-5.24540261832908,2.1132145700854146) {Merzig,Kreisstadt};
\node[knoten] (100440114114) at (-5.343622401662404,0.33221152119648956) {Rehlingen-Siersburg};
\node[knoten] (100450111111) at (4.9851298716709325,-0.2559058854702032) {Bexbach,Stadt};
\node[knoten] (100410511511) at (2.077483109670924,-1.0254955010256834) {Friedrichsthal,Stadt};
\node[knoten] (100410516516) at (1.1544429856709257,-1.1347092788035258) {Quierschied};
\node[knoten] (100430114114) at (3.8074926165598186,-0.602704172136883) {Neunkirchen,Kreisstadt};
\node[knoten] (100440121121) at (-4.8337606849957435,-1.0308406943591932) {Wallerfangen};
\node[knoten] (100440118118) at (-2.032046527217957,-1.4421910654701706) {Schwalbach};
\node[knoten] (100460112112) at (1.7300380514487106,1.9577006767520475) {Marpingen};
\node[knoten] (100410518518) at (1.814984774115366,-1.713832856581236) {Sulzbach/Saar,Stadt};
\node[knoten] (100450113113) at (4.324141119226477,-5.46156871658129) {Gersheim};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

节点将根据文本的大小进行尺寸标注，这里有一个选项，允许您更改每个节点的大小，但反过来会减小文本的大小，如果您想保持文本的大小，还有一个选项可以保持文本的大小，它允许您根据您想要的大小画一个圆圈，这可以指示某种类型的值。

对于文档大小，您可以使用独立类，它允许您根据所绘制的内容绘制输出中的任何内容。然后，您可以导入使用图形库生成的 pdf 文档，并将绘图作为任何图像包含，而不会丢失在 tikz 中绘制的绘图的矢量属性。

使用：

\draw[knoten] (-5.0269,-1.2254) circle (0.5cm) node (100440122122){Bous};
\draw[knoten] (-8.7754,5.1376) circle (1cm) node (100420113113){Merzig,\\Kreisstadt};
\draw[knoten] (-8.0377,2.0813) circle (1cm) node (100440114114){Rehlingen-Siersburg};
\draw[knoten] (6.1592,1.6599) circle (1cm) node (100450111111){Bexbach,\\Stadt};
\draw[knoten] (2.2251,0.811) circle (1cm) node (100410511511){Friedrichsthal,\\Stadt};
\draw[knoten] (-1.8769,-5.3392)circle (1cm) node (100410516516){Quierschied};
\draw[knoten] (4.4419,1.4106) circle (1.2cm) node (100430114114){Neunkirchen\\Kreis\\stadt};
\draw[knoten] (-7.0226,0.624) circle (1cm) node (100440121121){Wallerfangen};
\draw[knoten] (-4.446,-0.1781) circle (1.5cm) node (100440118118){Schwalbach};
\draw[knoten] (1.3201,5.106) circle (1cm) node (100460112112){Marpingen};
\draw[knoten] (1.3887,-0.3528) circle (1cm) node (100410518518){Sulzbach/Saar,\\Stadt};
\draw[knoten] (4.9395,-6.1119) circle (2cm) node (100450113113){Gersheim};

结果： 在此处输入图片描述

使用：使用范围和变换形状的绘图命令定义 \Knoten……

\Knoten(-5.0269,-1.2254)[0.8]{Bous};
\Knoten(-8.7754,5.1376)[1]{Merzig, \\Kreisstadt};
\Knoten(-8.0377,2.0813)[0.8]{Rehlingen\\Siersburg};
\Knoten(6.1592,1.6599)[0.8]{Bexbach, \\Stadt};
\Knoten(2.2251,0.811)[0.5]{Friedrichsthal,\\ Stadt};
\Knoten(-1.8769,-5.3392)[1]{Quierschied};
\Knoten(4.4419,1.4106)[0.8]{Neunkirchen,\\ Kreisstadt};
\Knoten(-7.0226,0.624)[0.9]{Wallerfangen};
\Knoten(-4.446,-0.1781)[0.8]{Schwalbach};
\Knoten(1.3201,5.106)[1]{Marpingen};
\Knoten(1.3887,-0.3528)[0.6]{Sulzbach/Saar,\\ Stadt};
\Knoten(4.9395,-6.1119)[1]{Gersheim};

结果： 在此处输入图片描述

梅威瑟：

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
        %Environment styles
        knoten/.style={%Style for normal shapes
            fill=green,
            fill opacity=.2,
            draw opacity=0.2,
            text opacity=1,
            align=center
        }   
    ]
    %New Tikz Objet
    \def\Knoten(#1)[#2]#3{%#1: Position#2: Identifier.
        \begin{scope}[shift={(#1)},scale=#2, every node/.append style={transform shape}] % using to make coordinate objet.
        \node[
            draw,
            circle,
            fill=blue,
            fill opacity=.2,
            draw opacity=1,
            text opacity=1,
            align=center
        ] at (0,0){#3};  %set this coordinate as anode
        \end{scope}
    }
    % Background map obtained from google maps.
    \node[inner sep=0pt] (FIG1) at (0,0) {\includegraphics[scale=1]{MAP}};
    % Scaling the shapes.
    \Knoten(-5.0269,-1.2254)[0.8]{Bous};
    \Knoten(-8.7754,5.1376)[1]{Merzig, \\Kreisstadt};
    \Knoten(-8.0377,2.0813)[0.8]{Rehlingen\\Siersburg};
    \Knoten(6.1592,1.6599)[0.8]{Bexbach, \\Stadt};
    \Knoten(2.2251,0.811)[0.5]{Friedrichsthal,\\ Stadt};
    \Knoten(-1.8769,-5.3392)[1]{Quierschied};
    \Knoten(4.4419,1.4106)[0.8]{Neunkirchen,\\ Kreisstadt};
    \Knoten(-7.0226,0.624)[0.9]{Wallerfangen};
    \Knoten(-4.446,-0.1781)[0.8]{Schwalbach};
    \Knoten(1.3201,5.106)[1]{Marpingen};
    \Knoten(1.3887,-0.3528)[0.6]{Sulzbach/Saar,\\ Stadt};
    \Knoten(4.9395,-6.1119)[1]{Gersheim};

    %IF you use TikzEdt, you can find the coordinates draggin an overlay. 
%   \draw[knoten] (-5.0269,-1.2254) circle (0.5cm) node (100440122122){Bous};
%   \draw[knoten] (-8.7754,5.1376) circle (1cm) node (100420113113){Merzig,\\Kreisstadt};
%   \draw[knoten] (-8.0377,2.0813) circle (1cm) node (100440114114){Rehlingen-Siersburg};
%   \draw[knoten] (6.1592,1.6599) circle (1cm) node (100450111111){Bexbach,\\Stadt};
%   \draw[knoten] (2.2251,0.811) circle (1cm) node (100410511511){Friedrichsthal,\\Stadt};
%   \draw[knoten] (-1.8769,-5.3392)circle (1cm) node (100410516516){Quierschied};
%   \draw[knoten] (4.4419,1.4106) circle (1.2cm) node (100430114114){Neunkirchen\\Kreis\\stadt};
%   \draw[knoten] (-7.0226,0.624) circle (1cm) node (100440121121){Wallerfangen};
%   \draw[knoten] (-4.446,-0.1781) circle (1.5cm) node (100440118118){Schwalbach};
%   \draw[knoten] (1.3201,5.106) circle (1cm) node (100460112112){Marpingen};
%   \draw[knoten] (1.3887,-0.3528) circle (1cm) node (100410518518){Sulzbach/Saar,\\Stadt};
%   \draw[knoten] (4.9395,-6.1119) circle (2cm) node (100450113113){Gersheim};

    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

如果您将代码保存在名为 examplehelp33.tex 的 tex 档案中；当您编译时，您可以获得 examplehelp33.pdf，然后您可以将其包含在您的主文档中，请尝试使用以下代码：

 % arara: pdflatex: {synctex: yes, action: nonstopmode}

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[top=2cm,bottom=2cm,left=3cm,right=2cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds}

\begin{document}
\lipsum[1-2]

    \begin{figure}[!h]
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{examplehelp33} 
        \caption{Imported pdf using graphicx}
    \end{figure}

\lipsum[3-4]    

    \begin{figure}[!h]
        \centering
        \begin{tikzpicture}
        \node[inner sep=0pt] (FIG1) at (0,0) {\includegraphics[scale=0.8,angle=90]{examplehelp33}};
        \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{Imported pdf within Tikz environment}
    \end{figure}

\end{document}

结果：

注意：通过 \documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone} 在 tikz 代码的 pdf 输出中添加了一些边框。您可以擦除此操作码或定义为 0mm。 在此处输入图片描述

相关内容