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在两条线之间画角

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf tikz-angles
在两条线之间画角

我尝试在高斯平面中表示复数。问题在于横坐标和 oz 段之间的角度的表示。这是我的代码：

\documentclass{scrbook} 

\input{configuration}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\usepackage{amsfonts, amsthm, amsmath, braket}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{angles, quotes,calc,patterns}


\begin{document}

    \begin{tikzpicture}
        \draw (0,0) node[anchor=north east] {$ O $};
        \draw[thick, ->] (-0.35,0) -- (5.5,0) node[anchor=north west] {$ \mathbb{R} $};
        \draw[thick, ->] (0,-0.35) -- (0,5.5) node[anchor=south east] {$ \mathbb{C} $};

        \draw [color=black, fill=black] (3.5,3) circle(0.05) node[anchor=south west] {$Z$};

        \draw (0,0) -- (3.5,0) node[anchor=north west] {$x$};
        \draw (0,0) -- (0,3.5) node[anchor=north east] {$y$};

        \draw[dashed] (0,3) -- (3.5,3);
        \draw[dashed] (3.5,0) -- (3.5,3);

        \draw[thick] (0,0) -- (3.5,3);

        \draw (2.5,2.16) -- (3,5) -- (4, 5) node[anchor=west] {$\rho = |z| = \sqrt{zz^*}$};
        \draw (1,0) arc (-180:90:-1);
    \end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

答案1

使用angles和quotes库并制作出略有不同的图表：

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{angles, quotes}
\usepackage{amssymb}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
every edge quotes/.append style = {anchor=south, sloped}
                        ]
% axis
\draw[thick, ->] (-0.35,0) -- (5.5,0) coordinate[label=below: $\mathbb{R}$] (x);
\draw[thick, ->] (0,-0.35) -- (0,5.5) 
    node[left] {$\mathbb{I}$}
    node[below right=5mm] {$Z=\rho\cdot \mathrm{e}^{j\theta}$};
\coordinate[label=below left:$ O $] (O);
% phasor
\fill           (3.5,3) coordinate[label=above right:$Z$] (z) circle(0.05);
\draw[dashed]   (0,3) node[left] {$y$} -| (3.5,0) node[below] {$x$};
\draw[thick]    (O) to ["$\rho=|z|=\sqrt{zz^*}$"] (3.5,3);
% angle
\pic [draw, <->,
      angle radius=11mm, angle eccentricity=1.2,
      "$\theta$"] {angle = x--O--z};
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案2

或许如此？

\documentclass{scrbook} 

%\input{configuration}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\usepackage{amsfonts, amsthm, amsmath, braket}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{angles, quotes,calc,patterns}


\begin{document}

    \begin{tikzpicture}
        \draw (0,0) node[anchor=north east] {$ O $};
        \draw[thick, ->] (-0.35,0) -- (5.5,0) node[anchor=north west] {$ \mathbb{R} $};
        \draw[thick, ->] (0,-0.35) -- (0,5.5) node[anchor=south east] {$ \mathbb{C} $};

        \draw [color=black, fill=black] (3.5,3) circle(0.05) node[anchor=south west] {$Z$};

        \draw (0,0) -- (3.5,0) node[anchor=north west] {$x$};
        \draw (0,0) -- (0,3.5) node[anchor=north east] {$y$};

        \draw[dashed] (0,3) -- (3.5,3);
        \draw[dashed] (3.5,0) -- (3.5,3);

        \draw[thick] (0,0) -- (3.5,3);

        \draw (2.5,2.16) -- (3,5) -- (4, 5) node[anchor=west] {$\rho = |z| = \sqrt{zz^*}$};
        \draw (1,0) arc (0:41:1);
    \end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

输出：

截屏

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