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使用“multicol”时，如何在“\item”内垂直顶部对齐“align”环境？

tag-icon • tag-icon align enumerate multicol enumitem
使用“multicol”时，如何在“\item”内垂直顶部对齐“align”环境？

如附图所示，解决方案部分有大量垂直空间，并且环境似乎align*垂直对齐在中心。我想避免出现这些垂直空白，并将它们对齐在顶部。如何做到这一点？欢迎​​提出任何建议！

\documentclass[twoside,12pt]{article}
\usepackage{multicol,amsmath,enumitem,lipsum}
\usepackage[a4paper,marginparwidth=3cm,innermargin=1cm,outermargin=4.3cm,marginparsep=3mm,]{geometry}


\begin{document}
\lipsum[1]
\section*{Problem}
\begin{multicols}{2}
\begin{enumerate}[label=\alph*.]
    \item $\displaystyle \frac{\left(2a\right)^3 3a^\frac13}{a^{-\frac23}6a^2}$
    \item $\displaystyle \frac{\left(-b^3\right)^2\left(a^\frac14\right)^{-3}b^3}{\left(a^2\right)^4b^\frac14}$
    \item $\displaystyle \left(\frac{-2a^3b^{-4}}{5a^{-5}b^{-6}}\right)^{-2}$
    \item $\displaystyle \left(\frac{9x^{-2}y^\frac13}{4x^\frac12 y^{-\frac34}}\right)^\frac32$
    \item $\displaystyle \left(\frac{a^\frac12b^{-3}}{a^{-1}b^{-\frac32}}\right)^\frac23$
    \item $\displaystyle \left(\frac{a^{-4}b^2c}{ab^{-6}c^3}\right)^4$
\end{enumerate}
\end{multicols}

\section*{Solution}
\begin{multicols}{2}
\begin{enumerate}[label=\alph*.]
    \item 
        \begin{align*}
            \frac{\left(2a\right)^3 3a^\frac13}{a^{-\frac23}6a^2}
            &= \frac{2^3 \cdot a^3 \cdot 3^1 \cdot a^\frac13}{2^1 \cdot 3^1 \cdot a^{-\frac23}\cdot a^2}\\
            &= 2^{3-1} \cdot 3^{1-1} \cdot a^{3+\frac13-\left(-\frac23\right)-2}\\
            &= 2^2 \cdot 3^0 \cdot a^2\\
            &= 2^2 \cdot 1 \cdot a^2\\
            &= 2^2 \cdot a^2
        \end{align*}
    \item
        \begin{align*}
            \frac{\left(-b^3\right)^2\left(a^\frac14\right)^{-3}b^3}{\left(a^2\right)^4b^\frac14}
            &= \frac{(-1)^2\cdot b^{3\cdot 2} \cdot a^{\frac14\cdot(-3)}\cdot b^3}{a^{2\cdot 4}\cdot b^\frac14}\\
            &= \frac{1\cdot b^6 \cdot a^{-\frac34}\cdot b^3}{a^8 \cdot b^\frac14}\\
            &= \frac{b^{6+3-\frac14}}{a^{8-\left(-\frac34\right)}} \\
            &= \frac{b^{8\frac34}}{a^{8\frac34}}
        \end{align*}
    \item 
        \begin{align*}
            \left(\frac{-2a^3b^{-4}}{5a^{-5}b^{-6}}\right)^{-2}
            &= \frac{(-1)^{-2} \cdot (2)^{-2}\cdot a^{3\cdot(-2)} \cdot b^{-4\cdot(-2)}}{5^{-2}\cdot a^{-5\cdot (-2)}\cdot b^{-6\cdot (-2)}}\\
            &= \frac{1 \cdot 2^{-2}\cdot a^{-6} \cdot b^8}{5^{-2}\cdot a^{10}\cdot b^{12}}\\
            &= \frac{5^2 }{2^2 \cdot a^{10-(-6)}\cdot b^{12-8}}\\
            &= \frac{5^2 }{2^2 \cdot a^{16}\cdot b^4}
        \end{align*}
    \item
        \begin{align*}
            \left(\frac{9x^{-2}y^\frac13}{4x^\frac12 y^{-\frac34}}\right)^\frac32
            &= \frac{(3^2)^\frac32 \cdot x^{-2\cdot \frac32} \cdot y^{\frac13\cdot \frac32}}{(2^2)^\frac32 \cdot x^{\frac12\cdot\frac32}\cdot y^{-\frac34\cdot \frac32}}\\
            &= \frac{3^3 \cdot x^{-3} \cdot y^\frac12}{2^3 \cdot x^\frac34\cdot y^{-\frac98}}\\
            &= \frac{3^3 \cdot y^{\frac12-\left(-\frac98\right)}}{2^3 \cdot x^{\frac34-(-3)}}\\
            &= \frac{3^3 \cdot y^\frac{13}8}{2^3 \cdot x^\frac{15}4}
        \end{align*}
    \item
        \begin{align*}
            \left(\frac{a^\frac12b^{-3}}{a^{-1}b^{-\frac32}}\right)^\frac23
            &= \frac{a^{\frac12\cdot\frac23}\cdot b^{-3\cdot \frac23}}{a^{-1\cdot\frac23} \cdot b^{-\frac32 \cdot \frac23}}\\
            &= \frac{a^\frac13\cdot b^{-2}}{a^{-\frac23} \cdot b^{-1}}\\
            &= \frac{a^{\frac13-\left(-\frac23\right)}}{b^{-1-(-2)}}\\
            &= \frac{a}{b}
        \end{align*}
    \item
        \begin{align*}
            \left(\frac{a^{-4}b^2c}{ab^{-6}c^3}\right)^4
            &= \frac{a^{-4\cdot 4}\cdot b^{2\cdot 4}\cdot c^{1\cdot4}}{a^{1\cdot4}\cdot b^{-6\cdot4}\cdot c^{3\cdot4}}\\
            &= \frac{a^{-16}\cdot b^8 \cdot c^4}{a^4 \cdot b^{-24}\cdot c^{12}}\\
            &= \frac{b^{8-(-24)}}{a^{4-(-16)} \cdot c^{12-4}}\\
            &= \frac{b^{32}}{a^{20} \cdot c^8}
        \end{align*}
\end{enumerate}
\end{multicols}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

我建议您使用环境，它比中的环境tasks更适合您的需要：项目 s（称为）将水平显示，并且如果方程式溢出到下一列，则amsmath mathtools \MoveEqLeft` 命令用于某些对齐。enumeratemulticols\task\task*\ let is spread over both.Also, I replacedwith its extensionbecause I needed its

\documentclass[twoside,12pt]{article}
\usepackage{mathtools, enumitem,lipsum}
\usepackage[a4paper, marginparwidth=3cm, innermargin=1cm, outermargin=4.3cm, marginparsep=3mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{mleftright, tasks} 


\begin{document}
\lipsum[1]

\section*{Problem}

\begin{tasks}[counter-format=tsk[a].](2)
    \task $\displaystyle \frac{\left(2a\right)^3 3a^\frac13}{a^{-\frac23}6a^2}$
    \task $\displaystyle \frac{\left(-b^3\right)^2\bigl(a^\frac14\bigr)^{\!-3}b^3}{\left(a^2\right)^4b^\frac14}$
    \task $\displaystyle \left(\frac{-2a^3b^{-4}}{5a^{-5}b^{-6}}\right)^{\!\!-2}$
    \task $\displaystyle \mleft(\frac{9x^{-2}y^{\smash{\frac13}}}{4x^\frac12 y^{-\frac34}}\mright)^{\!\!\frac32}$
    \task $\displaystyle \mleft(\frac{a^{\smash{\frac12}}b^{-3}}{a^{-1}b^{-\frac32}}\mright)^{\!\!\frac23}$
    \task $\displaystyle \left(\frac{a^{-4}b^2c}{ab^{-6}c^3}\right)^{\!\!4}$
\end{tasks}

\section*{Solution}

\begin{tasks}[counter-format=tsk[a].](2)%[label=\alph*.]
    \task
       $ \begin{aligned}[t]
            \frac{\left(2a\right)^3 3a^\frac13}{a^{-\frac23}6a^2}
            &= \frac{2^3 \cdot a^3 \cdot 3^1 \cdot a^\frac13}{2^1 \cdot 3^1 \cdot a^{-\frac23}\cdot a^2}\\
            &= 2^{3-1} \cdot 3^{1-1} \cdot a^{3+\frac13-\left(-\frac23\right)-2}\\
            &= 2^2 \cdot 3^0 \cdot a^2
            = 2^2 \cdot 1 \cdot a^2\\
            &= 2^2 \cdot a^2
        \end{aligned} $
    \task
       $ \begin{aligned}[t]
           \MoveEqLeft[1] \frac{\left(-b^3\right)^2\bigl(a^\frac14\bigr)^{\!-3}b^3}{\left(a^2\right)^4b^\frac14}\\
            &= \frac{(-1)^2\cdot b^{3\cdot 2} \cdot a^{\frac14\cdot(-3)}\cdot b^3}{a^{2\cdot 4}\cdot b^\frac14}\\
            &= \frac{1\cdot b^6 \cdot a^{-\frac34}\cdot b^3}{a^8 \cdot b^\frac14}= \frac{b^{6+3-\frac14}}{a^{8-\left(-\frac34\right)}}= \frac{b^{8\frac34}}{a^{8\frac34}}
        \end{aligned} $
    \task*
        $ \begin{aligned}[t]%
            \left(\frac{-2a^3b^{-4}}{5a^{-5}b^{-6}}\right)^{\!\!-2}
            &= \frac{(-1)^{-2} \cdot (2)^{-2}\cdot a^{3\cdot(-2)} \cdot b^{-4\cdot(-2)}}{5^{-2}\cdot a^{-5\cdot (-2)}\cdot b^{-6\cdot (-2)}}
            = \frac{1 \cdot 2^{-2}\cdot a^{-6} \cdot b^8}{5^{-2}\cdot a^{10}\cdot b^{12}}\\
            &= \frac{5^2 }{2^2 \cdot a^{10-(-6)}\cdot b^{12-8}}
            = \frac{5^2 }{2^2 \cdot a^{16}\cdot b^4}
        \end{aligned} $
    \task
        $ \begin{aligned}[t]
            \MoveEqLeft \mleft(\frac{9x^{-2}y^{\smash{\frac13}}}{4x^\frac12 y^{-\frac34}}\mright)^{\!\!\frac32}
            = \frac{(3^2)^\frac32 \cdot x^{-2\cdot \frac32} \cdot y^{\frac13\cdot \frac32}}{(2^2)^\frac32 \cdot x^{\frac12\cdot\frac32}\cdot y^{-\frac34\cdot \frac32}}\\
            &= \frac{3^3 \cdot x^{-3} \cdot y^\frac12}{2^3 \cdot x^\frac34\cdot y^{-\frac98}}
            = \frac{3^3 \cdot y^{\frac12-\left(-\frac98\right)}}{2^3 \cdot x^{\frac34-(-3)}}\\
            &= \frac{3^3 \cdot y^\frac{13}8}{2^3 \cdot x^\frac{15}4}
        \end{aligned} $
    \task
        $ \begin{aligned}[t]
          \MoveEqLeft \mleft(\frac{a^{\smash{\frac12}}b^{-3}}{a^{-1}b^{-\frac32}}\mright)^{\!\!\frac23}
            = \frac{a^{\frac12\cdot\frac23}\cdot b^{-3\cdot \frac23}}{a^{-1\cdot\frac23} \cdot b^{-\frac32 \cdot \frac23}}\\
            &= \frac{a^\frac13\cdot b^{-2}}{a^{-\frac23} \cdot b^{-1}}
            = \frac{a^{\frac13-\left(-\frac23\right)}}{b^{-1-(-2)}}
            = \frac{a}{b}
        \end{aligned} $
    \task*
        $ \begin{aligned}[t]
            \left(\frac{a^{-4}b^2c}{ab^{-6}c^3}\right)^{\!\!4}
            &= \frac{a^{-4\cdot 4}\cdot b^{2\cdot 4}\cdot c^{1\cdot4}}{a^{1\cdot4}\cdot b^{-6\cdot4}\cdot c^{3\cdot4}}
            = \frac{a^{-16}\cdot b^8 \cdot c^4}{a^4 \cdot b^{-24}\cdot c^{12}}= \frac{b^{8-(-24)}}{a^{4-(-16)} \cdot c^{12-4}}
            = \frac{b^{32}}{a^{20} \cdot c^8}
        \end{aligned} $
\end{tasks}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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