在自声明形状的填充颜色前面放置一个 pgftext

Question

这是一个非常好的例子，说明如何通过首先将触发器声明为形状来绘制移位寄存器的 D 触发器： http://www.texample.net/tikz/examples/d-flip-flops-and-shift-register/

我认为我已经理解了这个概念，并且已经对其进行了一点调整。现在我想用颜色填充矩形，例如通过添加填充语句来

\tikzset{every dff node/.style={draw, minimum width=2cm, minimum height=2.828427125cm, very thick, inner sep=1mm, outer sep=0pt, cap=round, add font=\sffamily}}

->

\tikzset{every dff node/.style={draw, fill=white, minimum width=2cm, minimum height=2.828427125cm, very thick, inner sep=1mm, outer sep=0pt ,cap=round, add font=\sffamily}}

现在的问题是，填充显然是在放置标签后完成的。因此，只要我添加填充颜色，端口标签就会消失。

Answer 1

您可以在形状声明中添加背景颜色。但是，这可能会与这些形状的先前用法发生冲突。因此，我建议在背景层上填充形状。

\documentclass[a4paper,landscape]{article}

\usepackage{pgf,tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,arrows,backgrounds}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage[left=1cm,right=1cm]{geometry}
\pagestyle{empty}

\makeatletter

% Data Flip Flip (DFF) shape
\pgfdeclareshape{dff}{
  % The 'minimum width' and 'minimum height' keys, not the content, determine
  % the size
  \savedanchor\northeast{%
    \pgfmathsetlength\pgf@x{\pgfshapeminwidth}%
    \pgfmathsetlength\pgf@y{\pgfshapeminheight}%
    \pgf@x=0.5\pgf@x
    \pgf@y=0.5\pgf@y
  }
  % This is redundant, but makes some things easier:
  \savedanchor\southwest{%
    \pgfmathsetlength\pgf@x{\pgfshapeminwidth}%
    \pgfmathsetlength\pgf@y{\pgfshapeminheight}%
    \pgf@x=-0.5\pgf@x
    \pgf@y=-0.5\pgf@y
  }
  % Inherit from rectangle
  \inheritanchorborder[from=rectangle]

  % Define same anchor a normal rectangle has
  \anchor{center}{\pgfpointorigin}
  \anchor{north}{\northeast \pgf@x=0pt}
  \anchor{east}{\northeast \pgf@y=0pt}
  \anchor{south}{\southwest \pgf@x=0pt}
  \anchor{west}{\southwest \pgf@y=0pt}
  \anchor{north east}{\northeast}
  \anchor{north west}{\northeast \pgf@x=-\pgf@x}
  \anchor{south west}{\southwest}
  \anchor{south east}{\southwest \pgf@x=-\pgf@x}
  \anchor{text}{
    \pgfpointorigin
    \advance\pgf@x by -.5\wd\pgfnodeparttextbox%
    \advance\pgf@y by -.5\ht\pgfnodeparttextbox%
    \advance\pgf@y by +.5\dp\pgfnodeparttextbox%
  }

  % Define anchors for signal ports
  \anchor{D}{
    \pgf@process{\northeast}%
    \pgf@x=-1\pgf@x%
    \pgf@y=.5\pgf@y%
  }
  \anchor{CLK}{
    \pgf@process{\northeast}%
    \pgf@x=-1\pgf@x%
    \pgf@y=-.66666\pgf@y%
  }
  \anchor{CE}{
    \pgf@process{\northeast}%
    \pgf@x=-1\pgf@x%
    \pgf@y=-0.33333\pgf@y%
  }
  \anchor{Q}{
    \pgf@process{\northeast}%
    \pgf@y=.5\pgf@y%
  }
  \anchor{Qn}{
    \pgf@process{\northeast}%
    \pgf@y=-.5\pgf@y%
  }
  \anchor{R}{
    \pgf@process{\northeast}%
    \pgf@x=0pt%
  }
  \anchor{S}{
    \pgf@process{\northeast}%
    \pgf@x=0pt%
    \pgf@y=-\pgf@y%
  }
  % Draw the rectangle box and the port labels
  \backgroundpath{
    % Rectangle box
    \pgfpathrectanglecorners{\southwest}{\northeast}
    % Angle (>) for clock input
    \pgf@anchor@dff@CLK
    \pgf@xa=\pgf@x \pgf@ya=\pgf@y
    \pgf@xb=\pgf@x \pgf@yb=\pgf@y
    \pgf@xc=\pgf@x \pgf@yc=\pgf@y
    \pgfmathsetlength\pgf@x{1.6ex} % size depends on font size
    \advance\pgf@ya by \pgf@x
    \advance\pgf@xb by \pgf@x
    \advance\pgf@yc by -\pgf@x
    \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{\pgf@xa}{\pgf@ya}}
    \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{\pgf@xb}{\pgf@yb}}
    \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{\pgf@xc}{\pgf@yc}}
    \pgfclosepath

    % Draw port labels
    \begingroup
    \tikzset{flip flop/port labels} % Use font from this style
    \tikz@textfont

    \pgf@anchor@dff@D
    \pgftext[left,base,at={\pgfpoint{\pgf@x}{\pgf@y}},x=\pgfshapeinnerxsep]{\raisebox{-0.75ex}{D}}

    \pgf@anchor@dff@CE
    \pgftext[left,base,at={\pgfpoint{\pgf@x}{\pgf@y}},x=\pgfshapeinnerxsep]{\raisebox{-0.75ex}{CE}}

    \pgf@anchor@dff@Q
    \pgftext[right,base,at={\pgfpoint{\pgf@x}{\pgf@y}},x=-\pgfshapeinnerxsep]{\raisebox{-.75ex}{Q}}

    \pgf@anchor@dff@Qn
    \pgftext[right,base,at={\pgfpoint{\pgf@x}{\pgf@y}},x=-\pgfshapeinnerxsep]{\raisebox{-.75ex}{$\overline{\mbox{Q}}$}}

    \pgf@anchor@dff@R
    \pgftext[top,at={\pgfpoint{\pgf@x}{\pgf@y}},y=-\pgfshapeinnerysep]{R}

    \pgf@anchor@dff@S
    \pgftext[bottom,at={\pgfpoint{\pgf@x}{\pgf@y}},y=\pgfshapeinnerysep]{S}
    \endgroup
  }
}

% Key to add font macros to the current font
\tikzset{add font/.code={\expandafter\def\expandafter\tikz@textfont\expandafter{\tikz@textfont#1}}} 

% Define default style for this node
\tikzset{flip flop/port labels/.style={font=\sffamily\scriptsize}}
\tikzset{every dff node/.style={draw,minimum width=2cm,minimum 
height=2.828427125cm,very thick,inner sep=1mm,outer sep=0pt,cap=round,add 
font=\sffamily}}

\makeatother

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[font=\sffamily,>=triangle 45]
  \def\N{7}  % Number of Flip-Flops minus one

  % Place FFs
  \foreach \m in {0,...,\N}
    \node [shape=dff] (DFF\m) at ($ 3*(\m,0) $) {Bit \#\m};
  \begin{scope}[on background layer]
   \foreach \m in {0,...,\N}
   \fill[blue] (DFF\m.south west) rectangle (DFF\m.north east);
  \end{scope}   

  % Connect FFs (Q1 with D1, etc.)
  \def\p{0}  % Used to save the previous number
  \foreach \m in {1,...,\N} { % Note that it starts with 1, not 0
    \draw [->] (DFF\p.Q) -- (DFF\m.D);
    \global\let\p\m
  }

  % Connect and label data in- and output port
  \draw [<-] (DFF0.D) -- +(-1,0) node [anchor=east] {input} ;
  \draw [->] (DFF\N.Q) -- +(1,0) node [anchor=west] {output};

  % 'Reset' port label
  \path (DFF0) +(-2cm,+2cm) coordinate (temp)
    node [anchor=east] {reset};
  % Connect resets
  \foreach \m in {0,...,\N}
    \draw [->] (temp) -| (DFF\m.R);

  % 'Set' port label
  \path (DFF0) +(-2cm,-2cm) coordinate (temp)
    node [anchor=east] {set};
  % Connect sets
  \foreach \m in {0,...,\N}
    \draw [->] (temp) -| (DFF\m.S);

  % Clock port label
  \path (DFF0) +(-2cm,-2.5cm) coordinate (temp)
    node [anchor=east] {clock};
  \foreach \m in {0,...,\N}
    \draw [->] (temp) -| ($ (DFF\m.CLK) + (-5mm,0) $) --(DFF\m.CLK);

  % Clock port label
  \path (DFF0) +(-2cm,-3cm) coordinate (temp)
    node [anchor=east] {clock enable};
  \foreach \m in {0,...,\N}
    \draw [->] (temp) -| ($ (DFF\m.CE) + (-7.5mm,0) $) --(DFF\m.CE);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}