我正在尝试改变标签的生成方式。其中一些我已经成功了（最多只有两位作者，只有年份的最后两位数字），但有一件事似乎行不通，那就是如果至少有两个作者，则在作者之间添加一个 & 符号。在第 205 页的手册据称，人们可以使用特殊字符而不将其转义为文字或填充，但是 namesep 字段呢？
在 MWE 中，我使用“X”代替了应该放置“&”的位置，但我不知道该怎么做。我怀疑，由于它被转换为.bcfXML 文件，因此“&”符号会造成麻烦，所以这是一个错误吗？
以下是 MWE：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents*}{references.bib}
@article{einstein,
author = "Albert Einstein and Second Author",
title = "{Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter K{\"o}rper}. ({German})
[{On} the electrodynamics of moving bodies]",
journal = "Annalen der Physik",
volume = "322",
number = "10",
pages = "891--921",
year = "1905",
DOI = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.19053221004",
keywords = "physics"
}
@book{dirac,
title={The Principles of Quantum Mechanics},
author={Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac},
isbn={9780198520115},
series={International series of monographs on physics},
year={1981},
publisher={Clarendon Press},
keywords = {physics}
}
@book{latexcompanion,
author = "Michel Goossens and Frank Mittelbach and Alexander Samarin",
title = "The \LaTeX\ Companion",
year = "1993",
publisher = "Addison-Wesley",
address = "Reading, Massachusetts",
keywords = "latex"
}
\end{filecontents*}
\usepackage[
backend=biber,
style=alphabetic,
citestyle=alphabetic,
maxcitenames=2,
mincitenames=2,
giveninits=true,
isbn=false,
]{biblatex}
\renewcommand*{\labelalphaothers}{${}^+$}
\DeclareLabelalphaTemplate{
\labelelement{
\field[final]{shorthand}
\field{label}
\field[names=2, namessep={\addspace{X}\addspace}]{labelname}
}
\labelelement{
\literal{\addspace}
}
\labelelement{
\field[strside=right,strwidth=2]{year}
}
}
\addbibresource{references.bib}
\begin{document}
\section{First section}
Items that are cited: \textit{The \LaTeX\ Companion} book \cite{latexcompanion}, The Einstein's journal paper \cite{einstein} and the Dirac's book \cite{dirac} are physics related items. Next, a citation about \textit{The \LaTeX\ Companion} book \cite{latexcompanion}.
\medskip
\printbibliography
\end{document}
MWE 的渲染：
答案1
在命令中隐藏“与”符号（\&这并不好，因为命令名称包含“与”符号，这仍然会使 XML 失效）并使用\detokenize确保宏在写入时不会扩展.bcf。
\detokenizebiblatex如果包含可打印数据的选项可能激增，这通常是一种廉价的解决方法。这种情况经常发生，因为选项的值需要.bcf写入文件，因此 Biber 可以使用其值。LaTeX 通常在将文本写入文件时执行完全扩展，因此如果所需值不可扩展或（如本例中）扩展为有问题的文本，则可能会出错。\detokenize停止这种不必要的扩展。当从文件中获取值时.bbl，将照常解释标记，并且输出将符合预期。
手册第 205 页引用的段落仅适用于padchar和\literal，的值namessep需要对 LaTeX 和 XML 中的特殊字符进行转义。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[backend=biber,style=alphabetic,maxcitenames=2,mincitenames=2,giveninits=true,isbn=false,]{biblatex}
\renewcommand*{\labelalphaothers}{\textsuperscript{+}}
\newcommand*{\ampersand}{\&}
\DeclareLabelalphaTemplate{
\labelelement{
\field[final]{shorthand}
\field{label}
\field[names=2, namessep=\detokenize{\addspace\ampersand\space}]{labelname}
}
\labelelement{
\literal{\addspace}
}
\labelelement{
\field[strside=right,strwidth=2]{year}
}
}
\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}
\begin{document}
\cite{companion,sigfridsson,worman}
\printbibliography
\end{document}
我不太喜欢滥用alphabetic来获得本质上是完整的作者年份样式，带有方括号和参考书目中的标签，但因为获取年份的最后两位数字并保留唯一性特征有点棘手，我无法提供完全相同样式的简单实现style=authoryear，但是
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[backend=biber,style=ext-authoryear,
introcite=label,
autocite=inline,
maxcitenames=2,mincitenames=1,giveninits=true,uniquename=init,
isbn=false]{biblatex}
\DeclareOuterCiteDelims{parencite}{\bibopenbracket}{\bibclosebracket}
\DeclareFieldFormat{bbx@introcite}{\mkbibbrackets{#1}}
\DeclareDelimFormat{finalnamedelim}{\addspace\&\space}
\DeclareDelimFormat[bib]{finalnamedelim}{%
\ifnumgreater{\value{liststop}}{2}{\finalandcomma}{}%
\addspace\bibstring{and}\space}
\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}
\begin{document}
\autocite{companion,sigfridsson,worman}
\printbibliography
\end{document}
可能是一个开始。
自动为每个标签分配足够的空间而不会超出输入数据的“双栏”布局样式alphabetic似乎更可取，但如果您引用海伦娜·伯翰·卡特和拉尔夫·沃恩·威廉姆斯的作品，您很快就会注意到，留给实际输入数据的空间变得非常狭窄，不再允许良好的换行。
答案2
\newcommand*{\ambr}{\&}对我没用。\newrobustcmd{\ambr}{\&}有用。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage{filecontents}
\usepackage[
backend=biber,
style=alphabetic,
citestyle=alphabetic,
maxcitenames=2,
mincitenames=2,
giveninits=true,
isbn=false,
]{biblatex}
\begin{filecontents*}{references.bib}
@article{einstein,
author = "Albert Einstein and Second Author",
title = "{Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter K{\"o}rper}. ({German})
[{On} the electrodynamics of moving bodies]",
journal = "Annalen der Physik",
volume = "322",
number = "10",
pages = "891--921",
year = "1905",
DOI = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.19053221004",
keywords = "physics"
}
@book{dirac,
title={The Principles of Quantum Mechanics},
author={Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac},
isbn={9780198520115},
series={International series of monographs on physics},
year={1981},
publisher={Clarendon Press},
keywords = {physics}
}
@book{latexcompanion,
author = "Michel Goossens and Frank Mittelbach and Alexander Samarin",
title = "The \LaTeX\ Companion",
year = "1993",
publisher = "Addison-Wesley",
address = "Reading, Massachusetts",
keywords = "latex"
}
\end{filecontents*}
\renewcommand*{\labelalphaothers}{${}^+$}
%\newcommand*{\ambr}{\&}
\newrobustcmd{\ambr}{\&}
\DeclareLabelalphaTemplate{
\labelelement{
\field[final]{shorthand}
\field{label}
\field[names=2, namessep={\addspace\ambr\addspace}]{labelname}
}
\labelelement{
\literal{\addspace}
}
\labelelement{
\field[strside=right,strwidth=2]{year}
}
}
\addbibresource{references.bib}
\begin{document}
\section{First section}
Items that are cited: \textit{The \LaTeX\ Companion} book \cite{latexcompanion}, The Einstein's journal paper \cite{einstein} and the Dirac's book \cite{dirac} are physics related items. Next, a citation about \textit{The \LaTeX\ Companion} book \cite{latexcompanion}.
\medskip
\printbibliography
\end{document}
