自 TeXLive 2018 以来，我的书籍（全部，没有特殊的一本）编译（XeLaTeX）时没有出现特殊错误，PDF 文件可以使用 Acrobat Reader 正确显示，但使用 Evince 或 Xpdf 时答案是“PDF 文件已损坏”。
使用 TeXLive 2017 一切都没问题。如果我只选几章（大约 100 页），一切都没问题（因此不可能有 MWE :-()）。
经过多次尝试，我怀疑是字体问题，但仅使用 lmodern 的结果是一样的。此消息下方是两个 \listfiles 输出之间的差异。日志文件太大，所以我没有发布它们。
以下是两个 \listfiles 输出之间的差异：
2c2
< memoir.cls 2016/05/16 v3.7f configurable book, report, article document cl
---
> memoir.cls 2018/04/04 v3.7g configurable book, report, article document cl
5c5
< ifetex.sty 2011/12/15 v1.2 ifetex
---
> ifetex.sty 2018/03/31 v1.2a ifetex
9d8
< mempatch.sty 2009/07/24 v6.0f Patches for memoir class v1.6180339
11,14c10,13
< fontspec.sty 2017/11/09 v2.6g Font selection for XeLaTeX and LuaLaTeX
< xparse.sty 2018/02/21 L3 Experimental document command parser
< expl3.sty 2018/02/21 L3 programming layer (loader)
< expl3-code.tex 2018/02/21 L3 programming layer
---
> fontspec.sty 2018/07/30 vv2.6h Font selection for XeLaTeX and LuaLaTeX
> xparse.sty 2018-05-12 L3 Experimental document command parser
> expl3.sty 2018-06-14 L3 programming layer (loader)
> expl3-code.tex 2018-06-14 L3 programming layer
16c15,16
< fontspec-xetex.sty 2017/11/09 v2.6g Font selection for XeLaTeX and LuaLaTeX
---
> fontspec-xetex.sty 2018/07/30 vv2.6h Font selection for XeLaTeX and LuaLaTeX
>
33c33
< minitoc.sty 2015/07/13 v61 Package minitoc
---
> minitoc.sty 2018/07/12 v62 Package minitoc
50,51c50,51
< pstricks.tex 2018/01/06 v2.82 `PSTricks' (tvz,hv)
< pst-fp.tex 2018/01/06 v2.82 `PST-fp' (hv)
---
> pstricks.tex 2018/07/22 v2.85 `PSTricks' (tvz,hv)
> pst-fp.tex 2018/07/22 v2.85 `PST-fp' (hv)
65,67c65,67
< csquotes.sty 2018/02/11 v5.2c context-sensitive quotations (JAW)
< etoolbox.sty 2018/02/11 v2.5e e-TeX tools for LaTeX (JAW)
< csquotes.def 2018/02/11 v5.2c csquotes generic definitions (JAW)
---
> csquotes.sty 2018/04/13 v5.2d context-sensitive quotations (JAW)
> etoolbox.sty 2018/08/19 v2.5f e-TeX tools for LaTeX (JAW)
> csquotes.def 2018/04/13 v5.2d csquotes generic definitions (JAW)
86c86
< pdftexcmds.sty 2018/01/21 v0.26 Utility functions of pdfTeX for LuaTeX (HO)
---
> pdftexcmds.sty 2018/01/30 v0.27 Utility functions of pdfTeX for LuaTeX (HO)
109c109
< biblatex.sty 2017/12/19 v3.10 programmable bibliographies (PK/JW/AB)
---
> biblatex.sty 2018/03/04 v3.11 programmable bibliographies (PK/MW)
114,116c114
< blx-dm.def
< numeric.dbx
< biblatex-dm.cfg
---
> blx-dm.def 2018/03/04 v3.11 biblatex localization (PK/MW)
118,122c116,120
< blx-compat.def 2017/12/19 v3.10 biblatex compatibility (PK/JW/AB)
< biblatex.def 2017/12/19 v3.10 biblatex compatibility (PK/JW/AB)
< standard.bbx 2017/12/19 v3.10 biblatex bibliography style (PK/JW/AB)
< numeric.bbx 2017/12/19 v3.10 biblatex bibliography style (PK/JW/AB)
< numeric.cbx 2017/12/19 v3.10 biblatex citation style (PK/JW/AB)
---
> blx-compat.def 2018/03/04 v3.11 biblatex compatibility (PK/MW)
> biblatex.def 2018/03/04 v3.11 biblatex compatibility (PK/MW)
> standard.bbx 2018/03/04 v3.11 biblatex bibliography style (PK/MW)
> numeric.bbx 2018/03/04 v3.11 biblatex bibliography style (PK/MW)
> numeric.cbx 2018/03/04 v3.11 biblatex citation style (PK/MW)
126c124
< french.lbx 2017/12/19 v3.10 biblatex localization (PK/JW/AB)
---
> french.lbx 2018/03/04 v3.11 biblatex localization (PK/MW)
449c447,450
< Package atveryend Info: Empty hook `AtEndAfterFileList' on input line 163.
---
> Package atveryend Info: Executing hook `AtEndAfterFileList' on input line 163.
> Package rerunfilecheck Info: File `CoursScheme-Manuel_2019-03-25.out' has not c
> hanged.
> (rerunfilecheck) Checksum: 075E04BDD245C7C5C39962DBCC4EE089.
==============
如果名单上的一位杰出成员能提供任何提示，我将不胜感激。
干杯!
答案1
好吧，我终于找到了解决办法：Ubuntu 的 TeXLive 在某种程度上不正确。我删除了它，然后直接从https://www.tug.org/texlive/，现在一切（显然）都是正确的。