我正在尝试格式化一个相当复杂的表格。布局完全符合我的要求，第一个表格（P1 和 P7）中的相应标题下方有底部表格。但列宽不相等（尽管第一列可以更宽以容纳文本），并且编译后表格的右侧会一直延伸到页面边缘。
我尝试使用 tabularx 和 tabulary，但它们似乎破坏了表格的整体格式。也许我需要用 c| | 定义列宽，但我也无法让它工作
\begin{table}[]\centering
\label{table:OLS}
\begin{tabular}{lcccccc}
\cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{3}{c}{P1} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{P7} \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{c}{Model terms} & df & z-score & p-value & df & z-score & p-value \\ \hline
Shape $\sim$Size & 1 & 1.91 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.01*} & 1 & 0.85 & 0.22 \\
Shape $\sim$Mode & 2 & 2.97 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{\textless{}0.01*} & 2 & 2.79 & \textless{}0.001* \\
Shape $\sim$Size * Mode & 2 & 1.13 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.86} & 2 & 1.64 & 0.03* \\ \hline
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{Pairwise (Group Slopes)} \\ \cline{2-7}
& E & M & G & E & M & G \\ \cline{2-7}
\multicolumn{1}{r}{E} & - & 0.62 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.35} & - & 0.01* & 0.59 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{M} & 0.57 & - & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.64} & 1.82 & - & 0.28 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{G} & 0.29 & 0.55 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{-} & 0.36 & 0.72 & - \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{3}{l|}{z-score = 1.10, Res.df = 12, p = 0.86} & \multicolumn{3}{l}{z-score = 1.53, Res.df = 13, p = 0.05*} \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{Pairwise (Group Means)} \\ \cline{2-7}
& E & M & G & E & M & G \\ \cline{2-7}
\multicolumn{1}{r}{E} & - & \textless{}0.01* & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{\textless{}0.01*} & - & \textless{}0.01* & 0.01* \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{M} & 3.78 & - & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.37} & 3.90 & - & 0.95 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{G} & 3.31 & 0.31 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{-} & 2.67 & 1.33 & - \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{3}{c|}{z-score = 3.08, Res.df = 14, p \textless 0.01*} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{z-score = 2.69, Res.df = 15, p \textless 0.01*} \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{ Pairwise (Allometry-free Group Means)} \\ \cline{2-7}
& E & M & G & E & M & G \\ \cline{2-7}
\multicolumn{1}{r}{E} & - & \textless{}0.01* & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{\textless{}0.01*} & - & \textless{}0.01* & \textless{}0.01* \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{M} & 3.79 & - & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{0.37} & 3.79 & - & 0.77 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{G} & 3.32 & 0.31 & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{-} & 3.43 & 0.76 & - \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{3}{c|}{z-score = 3.10, df = 14, p \textless 0.01*} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{z-score = 2.82, Res.df = 16, p \textless 0.01*} \\ \cline{2-7}
\end{tabular}%
\end{table}
我希望表格除第一列之外的其他列宽相等，并且表格遵循全局边距设置。
非常感谢您的帮助。
答案1
我定义了一些新的列类型：C和X{}：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{calc}
\setlength\tabcolsep{5pt}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\let\newline\\\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}m{1.25cm}}
\newcolumntype{X}[1]{>{\centering\let\newline\\\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}m{#1}}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[t]\centering
\label{table:OLS}
\begin{tabular}{lCCCCCC}
\cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{3}{c}{P1} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{P7} \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{c}{Model terms} & df & z-score & p-value & df & z-score & p-value \\ \hline
Shape $\sim$Size & 1 & 1.91 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{0.01*} & 1 & 0.85 & 0.22 \\
Shape $\sim$Mode & 2 & 2.97 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{\textless{}0.01*} & 2 & 2.79 & \textless{}0.001* \\
Shape $\sim$Size * Mode & 2 & 1.13 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{0.86} & 2 & 1.64 & 0.03* \\ \hline
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{Pairwise (Group Slopes)} \\ \cline{2-7}
& E & M & G & E & M & G \\ \cline{2-7}
\multicolumn{1}{r}{E} & - & 0.62 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{0.35} & - & 0.01* & 0.59 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{M} & 0.57 & - & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{0.64} & 1.82 & - & 0.28 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{G} & 0.29 & 0.55 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{-} & 0.36 & 0.72 & - \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{3}{X{3.75cm+20pt}|}{z-score = 1.10,\newline Res.df = 12, p = 0.86} & \multicolumn{3}{X{3.75cm+20pt}}{z-score = 1.53,\newline Res.df = 13, p = 0.05*} \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{Pairwise (Group Means)} \\ \cline{2-7}
& E & M & G & E & M & G \\ \cline{2-7}
\multicolumn{1}{r}{E} & - & \textless{}0.01* & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{\textless{}0.01*} & - & \textless{}0.01* & 0.01* \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{M} & 3.78 & - & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{0.37} & 3.90 & - & 0.95 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{G} & 3.31 & 0.31 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{-} & 2.67 & 1.33 & - \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{3}{X{3.75cm+20pt}|}{z-score = 3.08,\newline Res.df = 14, p \textless 0.01*} & \multicolumn{3}{X{3.75cm+20pt}}{z-score = 2.69,\newline Res.df = 15, p \textless 0.01*} \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{ Pairwise (Allometry-free Group Means)} \\ \cline{2-7}
& E & M & G & E & M & G \\ \cline{2-7}
\multicolumn{1}{r}{E} & - & \textless{}0.01* & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{\textless{}0.01*} & - & \textless{}0.01* & \textless{}0.01* \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{M} & 3.79 & - & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{0.37} & 3.79 & - & 0.77 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{G} & 3.32 & 0.31 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{-} & 3.43 & 0.76 & - \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{3}{X{3.75cm+20pt}|}{z-score = 3.10, df = 14,\newline p \textless 0.01*} & \multicolumn{3}{X{3.75cm+20pt}}{z-score = 2.82,\newline Res.df = 16, p \textless 0.01*} \\ \cline{2-7}
\end{tabular}%
\end{table}
\end{document}
添加一些数学模式：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{calc}
\setlength\tabcolsep{5pt}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\let\newline\\\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}m{1.4cm}}
\newcolumntype{X}[1]{>{\centering\let\newline\\\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}m{#1}}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[t]\centering
\label{table:OLS}
\begin{tabular}{lCCCCCC}
\cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{3}{c}{$P_1$} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{$P_7$} \\ \hline
\multicolumn{1}{c}{Model terms} & $df$ & $z$-score & $p$-value & $df$ & $z$-score & $p$-value \\ \hline
Shape $\sim$Size & 1 & 1.91 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{0.01*} & 1 & 0.85 & 0.22 \\
Shape $\sim$Mode & 2 & 2.97 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{$<0.01$*} & 2 & 2.79 & $<0.001$* \\
Shape $\sim$Size $\times$ Mode & 2 & 1.13 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{0.86} & 2 & 1.64 & 0.03* \\ \hline
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{Pairwise (Group Slopes)} \\ \cline{2-7}
& E & M & G & E & M & G \\ \cline{2-7}
\multicolumn{1}{r}{E} & - & 0.62 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{0.35} & - & 0.01* & 0.59 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{M} & 0.57 & - & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{0.64} & 1.82 & - & 0.28 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{G} & 0.29 & 0.55 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{-} & 0.36 & 0.72 & - \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{3}{X{4.2cm+20pt}|}{$z$-score $= 1.10$,\newline Res.$df = 12$, $p = 0.86$} & \multicolumn{3}{X{4.2cm+20pt}}{$z$-score = 1.53,\newline Res.$df = 13$, $p = 0.05$*} \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{Pairwise (Group Means)} \\ \cline{2-7}
& E & M & G & E & M & G \\ \cline{2-7}
\multicolumn{1}{r}{E} & - & $<0.01$* & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{$<0.01$*} & - & $<0.01$* & 0.01* \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{M} & 3.78 & - & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{0.37} & 3.90 & - & 0.95 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{G} & 3.31 & 0.31 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{-} & 2.67 & 1.33 & - \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{3}{X{4.2cm+20pt}|}{$z$-score = 3.08,\newline Res.$df = 14$, $p < 0.01$*} & \multicolumn{3}{X{4.2cm+20pt}}{$z$-score = 2.69,\newline Res.$df = 15$, $p< 0.01$*} \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{} \\
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{Pairwise (Allometry-free Group Means)} \\ \cline{2-7}
& E & M & G & E & M & G \\ \cline{2-7}
\multicolumn{1}{r}{E} & - & $<0.01$* & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{$<0.01$*} & - & $<0.01$* & $<0.01$* \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{M} & 3.79 & - & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{0.37} & 3.79 & - & 0.77 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{G} & 3.32 & 0.31 & \multicolumn{1}{C|}{-} & 3.43 & 0.76 & - \\ \cline{2-7}
& \multicolumn{3}{X{4.2cm+20pt}|}{$z$-score $= 3.10$, $df = 14$,\newline $p < 0.01$*} & \multicolumn{3}{X{4.2cm+20pt}}{$z$-score $= 2.82$,\newline Res.$df = 16$, $p < 0.01$*} \\ \cline{2-7}
\end{tabular}%
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案2
和一些返工。;-)
通过设置列标题来强制各列具有相同的宽度。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{siunitx,booktabs,array,calc,caption}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[htp]
\centering
\newcommand{\head}[1]{{\makebox[\widthof{<0.001*}]{#1}}}
\newcommand{\zrp}[3]{%
\multicolumn{3}{c}{\small
\begin{tabular}{@{}c@{}}
z-score = #1, Res.df = #2 \\ p #3
\end{tabular}%
}%
}
\caption{OLS}\label{table:OLS}
\sisetup{table-align-text-post=false,table-space-text-post=*}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{0pt}
\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{
@{\extracolsep{\fill}} l
S[table-format=1.2]
S[table-format=1.2,table-comparator=true]
S[table-format=1.2,table-comparator=true]
S[table-format=1.2]
S[table-format=1.2,table-comparator=true]
S[table-format=1.3,table-comparator=true]
}
\toprule
& \multicolumn{3}{c}{P1} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{P7} \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-4} \cmidrule(lr){5-7}
\multicolumn{1}{@{}c}{Model terms} &
\head{df} & \head{z-score} & \head{p-value} &
\head{df} & \head{z-score} & \head{p-value} \\
\midrule
Shape $\sim$Size & {1} & 1.91 & 0.01* & {1} & 0.85 & 0.22 \\
Shape $\sim$Mode & {2} & 2.97 & <0.01* & {2} & 2.79 & <0.001* \\
Shape $\sim$Size * Mode & {2} & 1.13 & 0.86 & {2} & 1.64 & 0.03* \\
\cmidrule[\heavyrulewidth]{2-7}
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{Pairwise (Group Slopes)} \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-7}
& \head{E} & \head{M} & \head{G} & \head{E} & \head{M} & \head{G} \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-4} \cmidrule(lr){5-7}
\multicolumn{1}{r}{E} & {--} & 0.62 & 0.35 & {--} & 0.01* & 0.59 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{M} & 0.57 & {--} & 0.64 & 1.82 & {--} & 0.28 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{G} & 0.29 & 0.55 & {--} & 0.36 & 0.72 & {--} \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-4} \cmidrule(lr){5-7}
& \zrp{1.10}{12}{= 0.86} & \zrp{1.53}{13}{= 0.05*} \\
\cmidrule[\heavyrulewidth]{2-7}
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{Pairwise (Group Means)} \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-7}
& \head{E} & \head{M} & \head{G} & \head{E} & \head{M} & \head{G} \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-4} \cmidrule(lr){5-7}
\multicolumn{1}{r}{E} & {--} & <0.01* & <0.01* & {--} & <0.01* & 0.01* \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{M} & 3.78 & {--} & 0.37 & 3.90 & {--} & 0.95 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{G} & 3.31 & 0.31 & {--} & 2.67 & 1.33 & {--} \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-4} \cmidrule(lr){5-7}
& \zrp{3.08}{14}{<0.01*} & \zrp{2.69}{15}{<0.01*} \\
\cmidrule[\heavyrulewidth]{2-7}
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{ Pairwise (Allometry-free Group Means)} \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-7}
& \head{E} & \head{M} & \head{G} & \head{E} & \head{M} & \head{G} \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-4} \cmidrule(lr){5-7}
\multicolumn{1}{r}{E} & {--} & <0.01* & <0.01* & {--} & <0.01* & <0.01* \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{M} & 3.79 & {--} & 0.37 & 3.79 & {--} & 0.77 \\
\multicolumn{1}{r}{G} & 3.32 & 0.31 & {--} & 3.43 & 0.76 & {--} \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-4} \cmidrule(lr){5-7}
& \zrp{3.10}{14}{<0.01*} & \zrp{2.82}{16}{<0.01*} \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular*}
\end{table}
\end{document}
