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将矩形框放置在 tikz 图形上方？

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf pgfplots
将矩形框放置在 tikz 图形上方？

我想知道是否有办法在 tikzfigure 上方稍微制作一个矩形框，用于标记目的？我已经演示了我认为它应该是什么样的，如下所示：

其中带有 EV/EBIT 的深灰色框是我想要创建的框。显然，为了看起来美观，它应该具有与图完全相同的宽度。我在图表中使用以下代码：

    \documentclass{article}

\usepackage{pgfplots, pgfplotstable}
\usepackage{tikz}


\begin{document}

\begin{figure}[h] 
\caption{Time series median of APE for the EV/EBIT multiple based on combinatorial selection schemes}
\label{Figure.TimeseriesofAPE}
\centering 
\begin{tikzpicture}   
\begin{axis}[width=14cm,height=8cm,
            ylabel={Absolute Percentage Error},
            xmin=2003.5,
            xmax=2018.5,
            ymin=15,
            ymax=35,
            xtick=data,
            xticklabel style=
            {/pgf/number format/1000 sep=,rotate=40},
            ytick={15, 20, 25, 30, 35},
            axis background/.style={fill=gray!5},
            legend style={fill=gray!5},
            xtick pos=lower,ytick pos=left,
            yticklabel=\pgfkeys{/pgf/number format/.cd,fixed,precision=0,zerofill}\pgfmathprintnumber{\tick}\%,

]
            \addplot [semithick,mark=square*,blue,mark options={scale=1.2}] coordinates {
(2004,23.9477345892197)
(2005,24.0195465335992)
(2006,20.6276481251735)
(2007,18.265284388086)
(2008,21.8111180034732)
(2009,24.2629967323528)
(2010,22.2193898469998)
(2011,23.4662001690915)
(2012,22.3983479598189)
(2013,21.6518435739983)
(2014,20.7295962241899)
(2015,21.5151016657556)
(2016,22.728213671688)
(2017,20.6614535846647)
(2018,23.2079687708666)


    };
\addlegendentry{SBP Plus SARD}
\addplot[semithick,mark=*,red,mark options={scale=1.2}]
coordinates{
(2004,30.6453384436133)
(2005,25.9071572285215)
(2006,21.5368656549373)
(2007,23.1619489291921)
(2008,22.716278332465)
(2009,26.6295451295127)
(2010,25.7656563953101)
(2011,21.0579081996823)
(2012,23.9734983213042)
(2013,27.0328903793312)
(2014,23.5204904251705)
(2015,24.5540581415406)
(2016,27.393772936285)
(2017,23.77644107908)
(2018,24.9426613487672)

    };
\addlegendentry{GICS Plus SARD}    
            \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

答案1

pgfplots有title这个密钥：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots, pgfplotstable}
\usepackage{tikz}


\begin{document}

\begin{figure}[h] 
\caption{Time series median of APE for the EV/EBIT multiple based on combinatorial selection schemes}
\label{Figure.TimeseriesofAPE}
\centering 
\begin{tikzpicture}   
\begin{axis}[width=14cm,height=8cm,
            ylabel={Absolute Percentage Error},
            xmin=2003.5,
            xmax=2018.5,
            ymin=15,
            ymax=35,
            xtick=data,
            xticklabel style=
            {/pgf/number format/1000 sep=,rotate=40},
            ytick={15, 20, 25, 30, 35},
            axis background/.style={fill=gray!5},
            legend style={fill=gray!5},
            xtick pos=lower,ytick pos=left,
            yticklabel=\pgfkeys{/pgf/number format/.cd,fixed,precision=0,zerofill}\pgfmathprintnumber{\tick}\%,
            title=\fcolorbox{black}{gray!50!white}{\makebox[12.17cm]{EV/EBIT}},
    title style={yshift=-0.33cm},
]
            \addplot [semithick,mark=square*,blue,mark options={scale=1.2}] coordinates {
(2004,23.9477345892197)
(2005,24.0195465335992)
(2006,20.6276481251735)
(2007,18.265284388086)
(2008,21.8111180034732)
(2009,24.2629967323528)
(2010,22.2193898469998)
(2011,23.4662001690915)
(2012,22.3983479598189)
(2013,21.6518435739983)
(2014,20.7295962241899)
(2015,21.5151016657556)
(2016,22.728213671688)
(2017,20.6614535846647)
(2018,23.2079687708666)


    };
\addlegendentry{SBP Plus SARD}
\addplot[semithick,mark=*,red,mark options={scale=1.2}]
coordinates{
(2004,30.6453384436133)
(2005,25.9071572285215)
(2006,21.5368656549373)
(2007,23.1619489291921)
(2008,22.716278332465)
(2009,26.6295451295127)
(2010,25.7656563953101)
(2011,21.0579081996823)
(2012,23.9734983213042)
(2013,27.0328903793312)
(2014,23.5204904251705)
(2015,24.5540581415406)
(2016,27.393772936285)
(2017,23.77644107908)
(2018,24.9426613487672)

    };
\addlegendentry{GICS Plus SARD}    
            \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

最好用蒂克兹通过添加title style规范来生产：

在此处输入图片描述

这是您修改后的 MWE。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.16}
\begin{document}

\begin{figure}[h]
\caption{Time series median of APE based on combinatorial selection schemes}
\label{Figure.TimeseriesofAPE}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[width=14cm,height=8cm,
            ylabel={Absolute Percentage Error},
            xmin=2003.5,
            xmax=2018.5,
            ymin=15,
            ymax=35,
            xtick=data,
            xticklabel style=
            {/pgf/number format/1000 sep=,rotate=40},
            ytick={15, 20, 25, 30, 35},
            axis background/.style={fill=gray!5},
            legend style={fill=gray!5},
            xtick pos=lower,ytick pos=left,
            yticklabel=\pgfkeys{/pgf/number format/.cd,fixed,precision=0,zerofill}\pgfmathprintnumber{\tick}\%,
            title={\textbf{EV/EBIT}},
            title style={yshift=-2.2mm,fill={rgb:red,0;green,48;blue,133},
                         text=white,rectangle, minimum width=124.5mm},
]
            \addplot [semithick,mark=square*,black,mark options={scale=1.2}] coordinates {
(2004,23.9477345892197)
(2005,24.0195465335992)
(2006,20.6276481251735)
(2007,18.265284388086)
(2008,21.8111180034732)
(2009,24.2629967323528)
(2010,22.2193898469998)
(2011,23.4662001690915)
(2012,22.3983479598189)
(2013,21.6518435739983)
(2014,20.7295962241899)
(2015,21.5151016657556)
(2016,22.728213671688)
(2017,20.6614535846647)
(2018,23.2079687708666)


    };
\addlegendentry{SBP Plus SARD}
\addplot[semithick,mark=*,red,mark options={scale=1.2}]
coordinates{
(2004,30.6453384436133)
(2005,25.9071572285215)
(2006,21.5368656549373)
(2007,23.1619489291921)
(2008,22.716278332465)
(2009,26.6295451295127)
(2010,25.7656563953101)
(2011,21.0579081996823)
(2012,23.9734983213042)
(2013,27.0328903793312)
(2014,23.5204904251705)
(2015,24.5540581415406)
(2016,27.393772936285)
(2017,23.77644107908)
(2018,24.9426613487672)

    };
\addlegendentry{GICS Plus SARD}
            \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

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