Mactex + Texstudio Mojave 新安装：包 inputenc 错误：Unicode 字符 "[(U+3016)]

Question

距离我上次使用 Mactex + Texstudio 已经有一段时间了，当时它们运行良好。现在全新安装后，我收到以下错误：

Package inputenc Error: Unicode character 〖 (U+3016)(inputenc) not set up for use with LaTeX. \end{align}
Package inputenc Error: Unicode character 〗 (U+3017)(inputenc) not set up for use with LaTeX. \end{align}

我尝试过：

1. 定义 UTF-8 的设置

这还不够

2. \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
   \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{3016}{\{}
   \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{3017}{\}}
   

这有效。

但我不明白为什么我会收到这个错误，错误指向的特定文件几乎包含相同的“对齐”块：

无错误块：

\begin{align}\label{eq:unixy} \nonumber
F_z(z)&=\mathbb{P}(\max(x,y)\leq z)\\
&=\mathbb{P}[(x\leq z,x>y)\cup(y\leq z,x\leq y)] \nonumber\\
&=\mathbb{P}[(x\leq z,x>y)+(y\leq z),x\leq y]
\end{align}

錯誤阻礙：

\begin{align}\label{eq:minCDF}
F_Z (z)&=\mathbb{P}(\min(x,y)\le z)=\mathbb{P}(-\max(-x,-y)\le z)\nonumber\\
&=\mathbb{P}(\max〖(-x,-y)\geq -z〗 )\nonumber\\
&=1-\mathbb{P}(\max(-x,-y)\leq-z)\nonumber\\
&=1-\mathbb{P}(-x\le-z)\mathbb{P}(-y\le-z)
\end{align}

Answer 1

使用旧版本的 LaTeX，你不会从这两个 Unicode 字符获得任何输出，但会出现一系列警告

Missing character: There is no <E3> in font cmr10!
Missing character: There is no <80> in font cmr10!
Missing character: There is no <96> in font cmr10!
Missing character: There is no <E3> in font cmr10!
Missing character: There is no <80> in font cmr10!
Missing character: There is no <97> in font cmr10!
Missing character: There is no <E3> in font cmr10!
Missing character: There is no <80> in font cmr10!
Missing character: There is no <96> in font cmr10!
Missing character: There is no <E3> in font cmr10!
Missing character: There is no <80> in font cmr10!
Missing character: There is no <97> in font cmr10!

从 TeX Live 2018 开始，您会收到错误，因为 UTF-8 已成为默认输入编码。

方法\DeclareUnicodeCharacter就是你所需要的。

在这种情况下，我也会使用split。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}

\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{3016}{\{}
\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{3017}{\}}

\begin{document}

\begin{equation}\label{eq:minCDF}
\begin{split}
F_Z (z)&=\mathbb{P}(\min(x,y)\le z)=\mathbb{P}(-\max(-x,-y)\le z)\\ 
&=\mathbb{P}(\max〖(-x,-y)\geq -z〗 )\\
&=1-\mathbb{P}(\max(-x,-y)\leq-z)\\ 
&=1-\mathbb{P}(-x\le-z)\mathbb{P}(-y\le-z)
\end{split}
\end{equation}

\end{document}

当然，如果你不想输出这两个字符，可以使用

\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{3016}{}
\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{3017}{}