如何根据历史数据的实线绘制虚线来预测某些数据

Question

问题

我有一组来自.dat 文件的数据，其中每个值可以是“历史”或“预测”。

year    emision   data_type
2008    9.24309   hist
2010    8.50724   hist
2012    8.06490   hist
2014    7.84779   hist
2016    7.22237   pred
2018    6.71319   pred
2020    6.26255   pred

我需要在同一张图中绘制一条实线，表示历史数据，一条虚线，表示预测数据。下面是我想要的示例图。

我有检查这个答案但我不知道如何使用文件中的数据来应用它。

---

我拥有的：

以下是代码：

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.16}
\usepackage{lipsum}

%\pgfplotstableread{data/example_data.dat}\datatable

\pgfplotstableread{
year    emision data_type
2008    9.24309 hist
2010    8.50724 hist
2012    8.06490 hist
2014    7.84779 hist
2016    7.22237 pred
2018    6.71319 pred
2020    6.26255 pred
}\datatable

\begin{document}
\lipsum[1]

\begin{figure}[t]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \pgfplotsset{every axis legend/.append style={
        at={(0.5,-0.1)},
        anchor=north}}
    \begin{axis}[
            width=\textwidth,
            height=\axisdefaultheight,
            legend columns=4,
            grid=major,
            cycle list name=exotic,             
            ]
    \addplot table[y=emision] from \datatable;
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

提前致谢！

Answer 1

一个粗鲁的解决方案：

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.16}
\usepackage{lipsum}

%\pgfplotstableread{data/example_data.dat}\datatable

\pgfplotstableread{
year    emission data_type
2008    9.24309  hist
2010    8.50724  hist
2012    8.06490  hist
2014    7.84779  hist
2016    7.22237  pred
2018    6.71319  pred
2020    6.26255  pred
}\datatable

\begin{document}
\lipsum[1]

\begin{figure}[t]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \pgfplotsset{every axis legend/.append style={
        at={(0.5,-0.1)},
        anchor=north}}
    \begin{axis}[
            width=\textwidth,
            height=\axisdefaultheight,
            legend columns=4,
            grid=major,
            cycle list name=exotic,
            ]
    \addplot            table[y=emission, x=year, restrict x to domain=2008:2014] from \datatable;
    \addplot +[dashed]  table[y=emission, x=year, restrict x to domain=2014:2020] from \datatable;
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{document}