带云注释的矩阵

Question

我正在尝试绘制图片上的内容。绘制两个原始矩阵没有问题，但当涉及到注释时，我就很乱了。

梅威瑟：

 \documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
    \usetikzlibrary{matrix}
    \begin{document}
    \sffamily
    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \matrix (m) [matrix of nodes,nodes in empty cells,nodes={minimum size=.75cm,anchor=center}] {%
    & 5 &   & 2 & 4    &    &  &  \\
    4 &  & 3 & 1 &  &   & 3  &   \\
    & 5 & 4 &  & 5 &   & 4  &\\
    &   &   &  &   & 1 & 1 & 2   \\
    3 &  & \color{blue}\textbf{?} &  & \color{blue}\textbf{?} & 3 & &  0 \\
    & \color{blue}\textbf{?} & 2 &  & 4 &  &\color{blue}\textbf{?} &  \\
    };
    \draw[step=0.75] (m-1-1.north west) grid (m-6-8.south east);
    \begin{scope}[font=\scriptsize]
    \foreach \i in {1,...,8} \path (m-1-\i.north) node[above] {\i};
    \foreach \i in {1,...,6} \path (m-\i-1.west)  node[left]  {\i};
    \end{scope}
    \path (m-1-5.north west) node[above=1em] {};
    \path (m-3-1.south west) node[left=1em] {};
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{document}

Answer 1

这里有一个很好的shapes.callout图书馆。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,shapes.callouts}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[node font=\sffamily,note/.style={rectangle callout, fill=#1}]
  \matrix (m) [matrix of nodes,nodes in empty cells,nodes={minimum size=.75cm,anchor=center}] {%
    & 5 &   & 2 & 4    &    &  &  \\
    4 &  & 3 & 1 &  &   & 3  &   \\
    & 5 & 4 &  & 5 &   & 4  &\\
    &   &   &  &   & 1 & 1 & 2   \\
    3 &  & \color{blue}\textbf{?} &  & \color{blue}\textbf{?} & 3 & &  0 \\
    & \color{blue}\textbf{?} & 2 &  & 4 &  &\color{blue}\textbf{?} &  \\
    };
  \draw[step=0.75] (m-1-1.north west) grid (m-6-8.south east);
  \begin{scope}[font=\scriptsize]
   \path foreach \i in {1,...,8} {(m-1-\i.north) node[above] {\i}};
   \path foreach \i in {1,...,6} {(m-\i-1.west)  node[left]  {\i}};
  \end{scope}
  \path (m-1-5.north west) node[above=1em] {};
  \path (m-3-1.south west) node[left=1em] {};
  \path (m-3-8.east) + (0.3,0.5) node [anchor=south west,
  note=blue!50, opacity=.5,callout absolute pointer={(m-3-8.east)}]  {Active
  user};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

但既然你提到了“云评论”，我就忍不住要打个广告Kpym 的精彩回答这里。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,decorations.pathreplacing,calc,shadows.blur,shapes}
\tikzset{
  % styles to save the path in `\savedpath`
  add path/.style = {
    decoration={show path construction,
      moveto code={
        \xdef\savedpath{\savedpath (\tikzinputsegmentfirst)}
      },
      lineto code={
        \xdef\savedpath{\savedpath -- (\tikzinputsegmentlast)}
      },
      curveto code={
        \xdef\savedpath{\savedpath .. controls (\tikzinputsegmentsupporta) and (\tikzinputsegmentsupportb) ..(\tikzinputsegmentlast)}
      },
      closepath code={
        \xdef\savedpath{\savedpath -- cycle}
      }
    },
    decorate
  },
  store path/.style = {add path},
  store path/.prefix code={\xdef\savedpath{}},
  % the style to create the path
  callouts/.style={
    store path,
    append after command={
       foreach \target in {#1}{
        ($(callout)!2pt!-90:\target$)--\target --($(callout)!2pt!90:\target$)
      } \savedpath
    },
    alias=callout
  },
  % the style to display the callout
  custom style/.style={fill=blue!20,text=,blur shadow},
  % some fun cloudy node
  cloudy/.style={cloud,cloud puffs=10,cloud puff arc=120, aspect=2}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[node font=\sffamily,note/.style={rectangle callout, fill=#1}]
  \matrix (m) [matrix of nodes,nodes in empty cells,nodes={minimum size=.75cm,anchor=center}] {%
    & 5 &   & 2 & 4    &    &  &  \\
    4 &  & 3 & 1 &  &   & 3  &   \\
    & 5 & 4 &  & 5 &   & 4  &\\
    &   &   &  &   & 1 & 1 & 2   \\
    3 &  & \color{blue}\textbf{?} &  & \color{blue}\textbf{?} & 3 & &  0 \\
    & \color{blue}\textbf{?} & 2 &  & 4 &  &\color{blue}\textbf{?} &  \\
    };
  \draw[step=0.75] (m-1-1.north west) grid (m-6-8.south east);
  \begin{scope}[font=\scriptsize]
   \path foreach \i in {1,...,8} {(m-1-\i.north) node[above] {\i}};
   \path foreach \i in {1,...,6} {(m-\i-1.west)  node[left]  {\i}};
  \end{scope}
  \path (m-1-5.north west) node[above=1em] {};
  \path (m-3-1.south west) node[left=1em] {};
  \path[custom style] (m-3-8.east) + (0.3,0.5) 
  node[right,cloudy,callouts={(m-2-8.east),(m-4-8.east),(m-6-8.east)}]
  {many};
  \draw[decorate,decoration=brace] (m.south-|m-6-4.east) -- (m.south-|m-6-1.west)
  node[midway,below=0.5ex,,align=center] {Calculate \dots\\ Pft \dots};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}