- 编辑 我正在使用 Lyx 版本 2.3.2
关于@Mensch 评论：
这是在我下载了希伯来语的 mikitex 字体并尝试安装并重新安装多次后出现的。过去，使用旧版本的 Lyx（2.2），我可以毫无问题地将包含希伯来语字母的文件转换为 PDF，但自从我将 Lyx 更新到 2.3 版本后，它就不再起作用了。
我怀疑问题可能是希伯来语字体没有安装在正确的文件夹中。但是，我不知道是什么原因正确的文件夹，我尽可能地查找，尝试了多种选择 —— 但仍然 —— 不起作用。
当我尝试使用希伯来字体转换 lyx 文档（Verison 2.3.2-2）时出现此错误：
This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.19 (MiKTeX 2.9.6930 64-bit) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2019.6.25) 15 AUG 2019 16:22 entering extended mode **./newfile13.tex (newfile13.tex LaTeX2e <2018-12-01> ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\article.cls" Document Class: article 2018/09/03 v1.4i Standard LaTeX document class ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\size10.clo" File: size10.clo 2018/09/03 v1.4i Standard LaTeX file (size option) ) \c@part=\count80 \c@section=\count81 \c@subsection=\count82 \c@subsubsection=\count83 \c@paragraph=\count84 \c@subparagraph=\count85 \c@figure=\count86 \c@table=\count87 \abovecaptionskip=\skip41 \belowcaptionskip=\skip42 \bibindent=\dimen102 ) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\fontenc.sty" Package: fontenc 2018/08/11 v2.0j Standard LaTeX package ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\t1enc.def" File: t1enc.def 2018/08/11 v2.0j Standard LaTeX file LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring font encoding T1 on input line 48. )) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\inputenc.sty" Package: inputenc 2018/08/11 v1.3c Input encoding file \inpenc@prehook=\toks14 \inpenc@posthook=\toks15 ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-hebrew\cp1255.def" File: cp1255.def 2004/02/20 v1.1b Hebrew input encoding file ) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\latin9.def" File: latin9.def 2018/08/11 v1.3c Input encoding file )) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/generic/babel\babel.sty" Package: babel 2018/11/13 3.27 The Babel package ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/generic/babel\switch.def" File: switch.def 2018/11/13 3.27 Babel switching mechanism ) ************************************* * Local config file bblopts.cfg used * ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/arabi\bblopts.cfg" File: bblopts.cfg 2005/09/08 v0.1 add Arabic and Farsi to "declared" options of babel ) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-hebrew\rlbabel.def" File: rlbabel.def 2005/03/30 v2.3h Right-to-Left support from the babel system Hebrew language support from the babel system ) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-hebrew\hebrew.ldf" File: hebrew.ldf 2005/03/30 v2.3h Hebrew language definition from the babel sys tem Hebrew language support from the babel system ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/generic/babel\babel.def" File: babel.def 2018/11/13 3.27 Babel common definitions \babel@savecnt=\count88 \U@D=\dimen103 ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/generic/babel\txtbabel.def") \bbl@dirlevel=\count89 ) Package babel Warning: No hyphenation patterns were preloaded for (babel) the language `Hebrew' into the format. (babel) Please, configure your TeX system to add them and (babel) rebuild the format. Now I will use the patterns (babel) preloaded for english instead on input line 57. \l@hebrew = a dialect from \language0 ) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-english\english.ldf" Language: english 2017/06/06 v3.3r English support from the babel system \l@canadian = a dialect from \language\l@american \l@australian = a dialect from \language\l@british \l@newzealand = a dialect from \language\l@british )) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-hebrew\lheenc.def" File: lheenc.def 2005/05/20 v1.2c 7-bit Hebrew font encoding (test version: sti ll liable to change) Now handling font encoding LHE ... ... no UTF-8 mapping file for font encoding LHE ) (newfile13.aux LaTeX Font Info: Try loading font information for LHE+cmr on input line 6. ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-hebrew\lhecmr.fd" File: lhecmr.fd 2005/05/20 v1.2c Hebrew default font (test version: still liabl e to change) ) ! Font LHE/cmr/m/n/10=jerus10 at 10.0pt not loadable: Metric (TFM) file not fou nd. <to be read again> relax l.6 \select@language{hebrew} I wasn't able to read the size data for this font, so I will ignore the font specification. [Wizards can fix TFM files using TFtoPL/PLtoTF.] You might try inserting a different font spec; e.g., type `I\font<same font id>=<substitute font name>'.）\openout1 = `newfile13.aux'。
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OML/cmm/m/it on input line 9. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 9. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for T1/cmr/m/n on input line 9. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 9. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OT1/cmr/m/n on input line 9. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 9. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OMS/cmsy/m/n on input line 9. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 9. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OMX/cmex/m/n on input line 9. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 9. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for U/cmr/m/n on input line 9. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 9. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for LHE/cmr/m/n on input line 9. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 9. ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-hebrew\cp1255.def" File: cp1255.def 2004/02/20 v1.1b Hebrew input encoding file ) Missing character: There is no y in font nullfont! Missing character: There is no l in font nullfont! Missing character: There is no e in font nullfont! Missing character: There is no m in font nullfont! Missing character: There is no l in font nullfont! Missing character: There is no k in font nullfont! Missing character: There is no m in font nullfont! [1{C:/Users/NOA!!!/AppData/Local/MiKTeX/2.9/pdftex/config/pdftex.map}] (newfile13 .aux) ) 以下是您使用的 TeX 内存量： 1294 个字符串，总计 492946 个 15732 个字符串字符，总计 3135524 个 81384 个字的内存，总计 3000000 个 5225 个多字母控制序列，总计 15000+200000 个 4403 个字的字体信息（共 15 种字体，总计 9000 种字体） 8191 个连字例外，总计 1141 个 25i、4n、23p、182b、149s 堆栈位置，总计 5000i、500n、10000p、200000b、50000s newfile13.pdf (1 页，1608 字节)。PDF 统计信息：1000 个 PDF 对象中有 11 个（最多 8388607 个）1000 个命名目标中有 0 个（最多 500000 个）10000 个 PDF 输出额外内存中有 1 个字（最多 10000000 个）
和这个错误
This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.19 (MiKTeX 2.9.6930 64-bit) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2019.6.25) 15 AUG 2019 16:22
entering extended mode
**./newfile13.tex
(newfile13.tex
LaTeX2e <2018-12-01>
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\article.cls"
Document Class: article 2018/09/03 v1.4i Standard LaTeX document class
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\size10.clo"
File: size10.clo 2018/09/03 v1.4i Standard LaTeX file (size option)
)
\c@part=\count80
\c@section=\count81
\c@subsection=\count82
\c@subsubsection=\count83
\c@paragraph=\count84
\c@subparagraph=\count85
\c@figure=\count86
\c@table=\count87
\abovecaptionskip=\skip41
\belowcaptionskip=\skip42
\bibindent=\dimen102
) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\fontenc.sty"
Package: fontenc 2018/08/11 v2.0j Standard LaTeX package
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\t1enc.def"
File: t1enc.def 2018/08/11 v2.0j Standard LaTeX file
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring font encoding T1 on input line 48.
)) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\inputenc.sty"
Package: inputenc 2018/08/11 v1.3c Input encoding file
\inpenc@prehook=\toks14
\inpenc@posthook=\toks15
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-hebrew\cp1255.def"
File: cp1255.def 2004/02/20 v1.1b Hebrew input encoding file
) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/base\latin9.def"
File: latin9.def 2018/08/11 v1.3c Input encoding file
)) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/generic/babel\babel.sty"
Package: babel 2018/11/13 3.27 The Babel package
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/generic/babel\switch.def"
File: switch.def 2018/11/13 3.27 Babel switching mechanism
)
*************************************
* Local config file bblopts.cfg used
*
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/arabi\bblopts.cfg"
File: bblopts.cfg 2005/09/08 v0.1 add Arabic and Farsi to "declared" options of
babel
) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-hebrew\rlbabel.def"
File: rlbabel.def 2005/03/30 v2.3h Right-to-Left support from the babel system
Hebrew language support from the babel system
) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-hebrew\hebrew.ldf"
File: hebrew.ldf 2005/03/30 v2.3h Hebrew language definition from the babel sys
tem Hebrew language support from the babel system
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/generic/babel\babel.def"
File: babel.def 2018/11/13 3.27 Babel common definitions
\babel@savecnt=\count88
\U@D=\dimen103
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/generic/babel\txtbabel.def")
\bbl@dirlevel=\count89
)
Package babel Warning: No hyphenation patterns were preloaded for
(babel) the language `Hebrew' into the format.
(babel) Please, configure your TeX system to add them and
(babel) rebuild the format. Now I will use the patterns
(babel) preloaded for english instead on input line 57.
\l@hebrew = a dialect from \language0
) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-english\english.ldf"
Language: english 2017/06/06 v3.3r English support from the babel system
\l@canadian = a dialect from \language\l@american
\l@australian = a dialect from \language\l@british
\l@newzealand = a dialect from \language\l@british
)) ("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-hebrew\lheenc.def"
File: lheenc.def 2005/05/20 v1.2c 7-bit Hebrew font encoding (test version: sti
ll liable to change)
Now handling font encoding LHE ...
... no UTF-8 mapping file for font encoding LHE
) (newfile13.aux
LaTeX Font Info: Try loading font information for LHE+cmr on input line 6.
("C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-hebrew\lhecmr.fd"
File: lhecmr.fd 2005/05/20 v1.2c Hebrew default font (test version: still liabl
e to change)
)
! Font LHE/cmr/m/n/10=jerus10 at 10.0pt not loadable: Metric (TFM) file not fou
nd.
<to be read again>
relax
l.6 \select@language{hebrew}
I wasn't able to read the size data for this font,
so I will ignore the font specification.
[Wizards can fix TFM files using TFtoPL/PLtoTF.]
You might try inserting a different font spec;
e.g., type `I\font<same font id>=<substitute font name>'.
)
\openout1 = `newfile13.aux'。
LaTeX 字体信息：检查输入行 9 上 OML/cmm/m/it 的默认值。LaTeX 字体信息：...输入行 9 上没问题。LaTeX 字体信息：检查输入行 9 上 T1/cmr/m/n 的默认值。LaTeX 字体信息：...输入行 9 上没问题。LaTeX 字体信息：检查输入行 9 上 OT1/cmr/m/n 的默认值。LaTeX 字体信息：...输入行 9 上没问题。LaTeX 字体信息：检查输入行 9 上 OMS/cmsy/m/n 的默认值。LaTeX 字体信息：...输入行 9 上没问题。LaTeX 字体信息：检查输入行 9 上 OMX/cmex/m/n 的默认值。LaTeX 字体信息：...输入行 9 上没问题。LaTeX 字体信息：检查输入行 9 上 U/cmr/m/n 的默认值。LaTeX 字体信息：...输入行 9 上没问题。LaTeX 字体信息：检查LHE/cmr/m/n 位于输入行 9。LaTeX 字体信息：... 输入行 9 正常。（“C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.9\tex/latex/babel-hebrew\cp1255.def”文件：cp1255.def 2004/02/20 v1.1b 希伯来语输入编码文件）缺少字符：字体 nullfont 中没有 y！缺少字符：字体 nullfont 中没有 l！缺少字符：字体 nullfont 中没有 e！缺少字符：字体 nullfont 中没有 m！缺少字符：字体 nullfont 中没有 l！缺少字符：字体 nullfont 中没有 k！缺少字符：字体 nullfont 中没有 m！[1
{C:/Users/NOA!!!/AppData/Local/MiKTeX/2.9/pdftex/config/pdftex.map}] (newfile13
.aux) )
Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:
1294 strings out of 492946
15732 string characters out of 3135524
81384 words of memory out of 3000000
5225 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+200000
4403 words of font info for 15 fonts, out of 3000000 for 9000
1141 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191
25i,4n,23p,182b,149s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,200000b,50000s
<C:\Users\NOA!!!\AppData\Local\MiKTeX\2.9\fonts/pk/ljfour/jknappen/ec/d
pi600\ecrm1000.pk>
Output written on newfile13.pdf (1 page, 1608 bytes).
PDF statistics:
11 PDF objects out of 1000 (max. 8388607)
0 named destinations out of 1000 (max. 500000)
1 words of extra memory for PDF output out of 10000 (max. 10000000)
答案1
评论太长：
因为你没有给我们最小工作示例（MWE）我们无法确切地帮助你。
但你的句子
写完一段话后发生了这种情况，但如果我删除该段落，文件就会转换为 PDF
对你来说是一个非常明确的提示：
正是在那个“某个段落”中出现了导致您遇到的问题的错误。
所以请最后给我们展示一下这段文字，或者最好给我们展示一个完整的小 tex 代码，我们可以在电脑上测试一下。Lyx 可以生成 TeX 代码，但我不用 lyx，所以我帮不了你。
这错误你认为这只是警告，由于您使用的 documentclass 使用了过时的选项，scrbook例如：
\documentclass[BCOR7.5mm,12pt,DIV12,a4]{scrbook}
你最好用这个
\documentclass[BCOR=7.5mm,fontsize=12pt,DIV=12,paper=a4]{scrbook}
摆脱它警告...
答案2
我的建议是放弃旧的pdflatex希伯来语工具链。它不值得这么麻烦。现在lualatex就babel为希伯来语提供出色的支持。
唯一的小困难是 LyX 不支持通过其用户界面进行设置。您必须直接将内容添加到 LaTeX 序言中。
以下是 LyX 文件示例 (更新支持内联希伯来语):
#LyX 2.3 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
\lyxformat 544
\begin_document
\begin_header
\save_transient_properties true
\origin unavailable
\textclass article
\begin_preamble
\usepackage[nil,bidi=basic]{babel}
\babelprovide[import,language=Default,main]{australian}
\babelprovide[import,language=Default]{hebrew}
\babelfont[australian]{rm}{Noto Serif}
\babelfont[australian]{sf}{Noto Sans}
\babelfont[hebrew]{rm}{Noto Serif Hebrew}
\babelfont[hebrew]{sf}{Noto Sans Hebrew}
\newcommand{\R}[1]{\foreignlanguage{hebrew}{#1}}
\renewcommand{\L}[1]{\foreignlanguage{australian}{#1}}
\end_preamble
\use_default_options true
\maintain_unincluded_children false
\language australian
\language_package
\inputencoding auto
\fontencoding global
\font_roman "default" "default"
\font_sans "default" "default"
\font_typewriter "default" "default"
\font_math "auto" "auto"
\font_default_family default
\use_non_tex_fonts true
\font_sc false
\font_osf false
\font_sf_scale 100 100
\font_tt_scale 100 100
\use_microtype false
\use_dash_ligatures true
\graphics default
\default_output_format pdf5
\output_sync 0
\bibtex_command default
\index_command default
\paperfontsize default
\spacing single
\use_hyperref false
\papersize default
\use_geometry false
\use_package amsmath 1
\use_package amssymb 1
\use_package cancel 1
\use_package esint 1
\use_package mathdots 1
\use_package mathtools 1
\use_package mhchem 1
\use_package stackrel 1
\use_package stmaryrd 1
\use_package undertilde 1
\cite_engine basic
\cite_engine_type default
\biblio_style plain
\use_bibtopic false
\use_indices false
\paperorientation portrait
\suppress_date false
\justification true
\use_refstyle 1
\use_minted 0
\index Index
\shortcut idx
\color #008000
\end_index
\secnumdepth 3
\tocdepth 3
\paragraph_separation indent
\paragraph_indentation default
\is_math_indent 0
\math_numbering_side default
\quotes_style english
\dynamic_quotes 0
\papercolumns 1
\papersides 1
\paperpagestyle default
\tracking_changes false
\output_changes false
\html_math_output 0
\html_css_as_file 0
\html_be_strict false
\end_header
\begin_body
\begin_layout Standard
English
\family sans
English
\family default
.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\lang hebrew
עִבְרִית
\family sans
עִבְרִית
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
English
\family sans
English
\family default
.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
English
\lang hebrew
עִבְרִית
\lang australian
English
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\lang hebrew
עִבְרִית
\lang australian
English
\lang hebrew
עִבְרִית
\end_layout
\end_body
\end_document
为了清楚起见，这里是从 Lyx 导出的 LaTeX 文件：
%% LyX 2.3.3 created this file. For more info, see http://www.lyx.org/.
%% Do not edit unless you really know what you are doing.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\makeatletter
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% User specified LaTeX commands.
\usepackage[nil,bidi=basic]{babel}
\babelprovide[import,language=Default,main]{australian}
\babelprovide[import,language=Default]{hebrew}
\babelfont[australian]{rm}{Noto Serif}
\babelfont[australian]{sf}{Noto Sans}
\babelfont[hebrew]{rm}{Noto Serif Hebrew}
\babelfont[hebrew]{sf}{Noto Sans Hebrew}
\newcommand{\R}[1]{\foreignlanguage{hebrew}{#1}}
\renewcommand{\L}[1]{\foreignlanguage{australian}{#1}}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
English \textsf{English}.
\selectlanguage{hebrew}%
עִבְרִית \textsf{עִבְרִית}
\selectlanguage{australian}%
English \textsf{English}.
English \R{עִבְרִית} English
\selectlanguage{hebrew}%
עִבְרִית \L{English} עִבְרִית\selectlanguage{australian}%
\end{document}
PDF 输出如下：
