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创建模式

使用north east hatch这个问题的答案使用多种颜色填充TikZ中的矩形我想做一个north west hatch。但是，它有奇怪的牙齿，我不知道如何去除。哪里出了问题，我该如何纠正？

在此处输入图片描述

梅威瑟：

\documentclass{minimal}

\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}


\usetikzlibrary{patterns}

\makeatletter
\tikzset{hatch distance/.store in=\hatchdistance,hatch distance=5pt,hatch thickness/.store in=\hatchthickness,hatch thickness=5pt}

\pgfdeclarepatternformonly[\hatchdistance,\hatchthickness]{north east hatch}% name
    {\pgfqpoint{-1pt}{-1pt}}% below left
    {\pgfqpoint{\hatchdistance}{\hatchdistance}}% above right
    {\pgfpoint{\hatchdistance-1pt}{\hatchdistance-1pt}}%
    {
        \pgfsetcolor{\tikz@pattern@color}
        \pgfsetlinewidth{\hatchthickness}
        \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{0pt}}
        \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{\hatchdistance}{\hatchdistance}}
        \pgfusepath{stroke}
    }
\pgfdeclarepatternformonly[\hatchdistance,\hatchthickness]{north west hatch}% name
    {\pgfqpoint{-1pt}{-1pt}}% below left
    {\pgfqpoint{\hatchdistance}{\hatchdistance}}% above right
    {\pgfpoint{\hatchdistance-1pt}{\hatchdistance-1pt}}%
    {
        \pgfsetcolor{\tikz@pattern@color}
        \pgfsetlinewidth{\hatchthickness}
        \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{\hatchdistance}{0pt}}
        \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{\hatchdistance}}
        \pgfusepath{stroke}
    }
\makeatother

\draw[pattern=north east hatch,hatch distance=7pt,hatch thickness=3pt,pattern color=orange] (0,0) rectangle +(1,1);
\draw[pattern=north west hatch,hatch distance=7pt,hatch thickness=3pt,pattern color=orange] (2,0) rectangle +(1,1);


\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案1

你按照通常的做法来做：将单元格大小定义为比路径实际覆盖的范围小一点。问题是，如果线的宽度超过0.5pt，则超出1pt就不再足够了。因此，你可能希望使用更大的超出范围。下面的方法可能有点“过于慷慨”（但据我所知，慷慨并没有真正的副作用），并且这种方法似乎适用于许多查看器和缩放级别，即代码中的某些内容（但不是全部）也是查看器问题。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}


\usetikzlibrary{patterns}

\makeatletter
\tikzset{hatch distance/.store in=\hatchdistance,hatch distance=5pt,hatch thickness/.store in=\hatchthickness,hatch thickness=5pt}

\pgfdeclarepatternformonly[\hatchdistance,\hatchthickness]{north east hatch}% name
    {\pgfqpoint{-\hatchthickness}{-\hatchthickness}}% below left
    {\pgfqpoint{\hatchdistance+\hatchthickness}{\hatchdistance+\hatchthickness}}% above right
    {\pgfpoint{\hatchdistance}{\hatchdistance}}%
    {
        \pgfsetcolor{\tikz@pattern@color}
        \pgfsetlinewidth{\hatchthickness}
        \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{-\hatchthickness}{-\hatchthickness}}       
        \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{\hatchdistance+\hatchthickness}{\hatchdistance+\hatchthickness}}
        \pgfusepath{stroke}
    }
\pgfdeclarepatternformonly[\hatchdistance,\hatchthickness]{north west hatch}% name
    {\pgfqpoint{-\hatchthickness}{-\hatchthickness}}% below left
    {\pgfqpoint{\hatchdistance+\hatchthickness}{\hatchdistance+\hatchthickness}}% above right
    {\pgfpoint{\hatchdistance}{\hatchdistance}}%
    {
        \pgfsetcolor{\tikz@pattern@color}
        \pgfsetlinewidth{\hatchthickness}
        \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{\hatchdistance+\hatchthickness}{-\hatchthickness}}
        \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{-\hatchthickness}{\hatchdistance+\hatchthickness}}
        \pgfusepath{stroke}
    }
\makeatother

\draw[pattern=north east hatch,hatch distance=7pt,hatch thickness=3pt,pattern color=orange] (0,0) rectangle +(1,1);
\draw[pattern=north west hatch,hatch distance=7pt,hatch thickness=3pt,pattern color=orange] (2,0) rectangle +(1,1);


\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

令人兴奋的消息：很快，图案的定制将变得更加容易，因为pattern.meta：很快，由于有了这个库，这里。我感谢 JouleV 指出这一点。

答案2

通过扩大边界框足够的话，问题就解决了。

根据我的计算，它必须至少扩大71%.

截屏

为了简化，我将其扩展为整数倍的\hatchdistance。

{\pgfqpoint{-\hatchdistance}{-\hatchdistance}}% below left
{\pgfqpoint{2\hatchdistance}{2\hatchdistance}}% above right

舱口不太直

截屏

舱口不是完全笔直的（与模式库中的默认模式类似）但它们仍然存在缩放后不变如上结果所示。

直舱口

为了做到这一点，我放大了追踪整数倍数的阴影线\hatchdistance （非整数倍数带来的问题我还没理解）。

\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{2\hatchdistance}{-\hatchdistance}}
\pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{-\hatchdistance}{2\hatchdistance}}

截屏

真正直线舱口的代码：

\documentclass[tikz,border=5mm]{standalone}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns}

\makeatletter
\tikzset{hatch distance/.store in=\hatchdistance,hatch distance=5pt,hatch thickness/.store in=\hatchthickness,hatch thickness=5pt}

\pgfdeclarepatternformonly[\hatchdistance,\hatchthickness]{north east hatch}% name
    {\pgfqpoint{-1pt}{-1pt}}% below left
    {\pgfqpoint{\hatchdistance}{\hatchdistance}}% above right
    {\pgfpoint{\hatchdistance-1pt}{\hatchdistance-1pt}}%
    {
        \pgfsetcolor{\tikz@pattern@color}
        \pgfsetlinewidth{\hatchthickness}
        \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{0pt}}
        \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{\hatchdistance}{\hatchdistance}}
        \pgfusepath{stroke}
    }
\pgfdeclarepatternformonly[\hatchdistance,\hatchthickness]{north west hatch}% name
    {\pgfqpoint{-\hatchdistance}{-\hatchdistance}}% below left
    {\pgfqpoint{2\hatchdistance}{2\hatchdistance}}% above right
    {\pgfpoint{\hatchdistance}{\hatchdistance}}%
    {
        \pgfsetcolor{\tikz@pattern@color}
        \pgfsetlinewidth{\hatchthickness}
        \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{2\hatchdistance}{-\hatchdistance}}
        \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{-\hatchdistance}{2\hatchdistance}}
        \pgfusepath{stroke}
    }
\makeatother


\draw[pattern=north east hatch,hatch distance=7pt,hatch thickness=3pt,pattern color=orange] (0,0) rectangle +(1,1);
\draw[pattern=north west hatch,hatch distance=7pt,hatch thickness=3pt,pattern color=orange,scale=2] (.6,0) rectangle +(1,1);

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

不太直的舱口代码：

\documentclass[tikz,border=5mm]{standalone}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns}

\makeatletter
\tikzset{hatch distance/.store in=\hatchdistance,hatch distance=5pt,hatch thickness/.store in=\hatchthickness,hatch thickness=5pt}

\pgfdeclarepatternformonly[\hatchdistance,\hatchthickness]{north east hatch}% name
    {\pgfqpoint{-1pt}{-1pt}}% below left
    {\pgfqpoint{\hatchdistance}{\hatchdistance}}% above right
    {\pgfpoint{\hatchdistance-1pt}{\hatchdistance-1pt}}%
    {
        \pgfsetcolor{\tikz@pattern@color}
        \pgfsetlinewidth{\hatchthickness}
        \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{0pt}}
        \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{\hatchdistance}{\hatchdistance}}
        \pgfusepath{stroke}
    }
\pgfdeclarepatternformonly[\hatchdistance,\hatchthickness]{north west hatch}% name
    {\pgfqpoint{-\hatchdistance}{-\hatchdistance}}% below left
    {\pgfqpoint{2\hatchdistance}{2\hatchdistance}}% above right
    {\pgfpoint{\hatchdistance-1pt}{\hatchdistance-1pt}}%
    {
        \pgfsetcolor{\tikz@pattern@color}
        \pgfsetlinewidth{\hatchthickness}
        \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{\hatchdistance}{0pt}}
        \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{\hatchdistance}}
        \pgfusepath{stroke}
    }
\makeatother

\draw[pattern=north east hatch,hatch distance=7pt,hatch thickness=3pt,pattern color=orange] (0,0) rectangle +(1,1);
\draw[pattern=north west hatch,hatch distance=7pt,hatch thickness=3pt,pattern color=orange,scale=2] (1,0) rectangle +(1,1);

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案3

感谢这个patterns.meta图书馆，这个问题现在有一个可以说更简单的答案。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns.meta} 
\pgfdeclarepattern{
name=hatch, parameters={\hatchsize,\hatchangle,\hatchlinewidth}, 
bottom left={\pgfpoint{-.1pt}{-.1pt}},
top right={\pgfpoint{\hatchsize+.1pt}{\hatchsize+.1pt}}, tile size={\pgfpoint{\hatchsize}{\hatchsize}},
tile transformation={\pgftransformrotate{\hatchangle}}, code={
\pgfsetlinewidth{\hatchlinewidth} 
\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{-.1pt}{\hatchsize/2}} 
\pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{\hatchsize+.1pt}{\hatchsize/2}} 
\pgfusepath{stroke}
} }
\tikzset{
hatch size/.store in=\hatchsize,
hatch angle/.store in=\hatchangle,
hatch line width/.store in=\hatchlinewidth, 
hatch size=5pt,
hatch angle=0pt,
hatch line width=.5pt,
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture} 
 \draw [pattern=hatch, pattern color=orange, hatch size=7pt,hatch line width=4pt,
  hatch angle=45] (0,0) rectangle ++(2,2); 
 \draw [pattern=hatch, pattern color=orange, hatch size=7pt,hatch line width=4pt,
  hatch angle=-45] (2.4,0) rectangle ++(2,2); 
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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