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避免 mutt 发送在“收件人：”或“抄送：”字段中包含过多条目的邮件

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避免 mutt 发送在“收件人：”或“抄送：”字段中包含过多条目的邮件

我经常使用 的mutt别名功能来向更大的人群发送消息（合法的，而不是垃圾邮件！）。通常，我将别名放入该Bcc:字段，以消除垃圾邮件收集器，并出于隐私原因（并非所有收件人都互相认识）。

有时，我无意中将别名放入To:orCc:字段中，在该字段中别名会展开，显示所有收件人的所有地址。这是非常糟糕的，因为一旦发送，信息就会泄露，并且无法返回。

  • 如果该字段中有超过 1 个条目或 5 个条目，我该如何mutt拒绝发送邮件？To:Cc:

  • mutt改进：如果我添加用户定义的标头，例如，如何才能发送邮件X-limit-cc: 50？

设置单独的邮件列表服务不是我所要求的，这宁愿是问题的单独解决方案。

答案1

AFAIK，Mutt 本身无法进行此类检查，但有一个解决方法！这个想法是重新定义$sendmail变量以使用一个包装器，该包装器将在发送邮件之前检查邮件。例如，在您的.muttrc文件中：

set sendmail=$HOME/scripts/sendmail-mutt

该脚本可以终止并出现错误（非零退出状态），也可以成功终止，如下所示：

exec /usr/sbin/sendmail -oem -oi "$@"

在 shell 脚本中，或者：

exec qw(/usr/sbin/sendmail -oem -oi), @ARGV;

在 Perl 中。

答案2

#!/bin/bash
set -u -e -C;
shopt -s nullglob;

# This script can be used as a `sendmail` replacement in `mutt`.  It
# performs several checks on the mail before sending ist, and it's
# easy to modify these checks, or to add more.  Currently, these are:
#
#     attachment — fail on non-multipart message if text contains
#         keywords referring to an attachment (English, German).
#
#     size — refuse to send excessively large mails.
#
#     fixme — refuse to send mail containing the word `FIXME`.
#
#     longline — refuse to send mails wit long lines, unless paths
#         (URLs) containing two slashes, or quoted.
#
#     limit-to, limit-cc — limit number of recipients in the according
#         header.  Better use Bcc field.
#
# Each of the tests can be disabled by puttig its name in an
# `X-checks` header field.  E.g., `X-checks: longline limit-cc` allows
# to send mails with long lines to unlimited number of recipients in
# the Cc field.
#
# To use this script, install it where it can be found, and configure
# mutt accordingly.  I have stored this script as `~/.mutt/sendmail`,
# and my `~/.mutt/muttrc` contains the line
#
#     set sendmail = "~/.mutt/sendmail"
#
# When sending a mail, it is stored as `mutt-sendmail.*` in a
# temporary location, from where it is accessible for checks.  On
# success, the mail is sent, otherwise this script fails.  The
# temporary file is deleted.



# ---- Configuration of this script ----------------------------------

# Mail is sent using `${sendmail} "$@" <"${wholemail}"`, see last line
# of the script.

sendmail=/usr/bin/msmtp;

# You may explicitly skip some tests by putting their name in a header
# field of your mail.  On checking, these names are printed to stderr.
# The name of the header is:

myhdr='X-checks';



# ---- The script ----------------------------------------------------

# print message to stderr, maybe fail
function err { echo "$@" >&2; exit 1; }
function warn { echo "$@" >&2; }

# store the mail in a temporary file
wholemail="$(mktemp -t mutt-sendmail.XXXXXXXXXX)" &&
    trap "rm -f '${wholemail}'" EXIT &&
    cat >| "${wholemail}" ||
    err 'cannot create temporary file';

# get the header, with indented lines joined
header="$(sed -rn ':a;/^$/q;$!N;s/\n\s+/ /;ta;P;D' "${wholemail}")";

# get values of one particular header, each occurence on one line
function getHeader { sed -rn "s/^${1}:\s+//p" <<< "$header"; }

# use this function to read body of message
function getBody { sed '1,/^$/d' "${wholemail}"; }

# get list of checks to be ignored for this particular mail
checks="$(getHeader "${myhdr}")";
function requested {
    if grep -q "${1}" <<< "${checks}"; then
        warn "${myhdr}: ${1} — skipping";
        return 1;
    else
        warn "no ${myhdr}: ${1}";
        return 0;
    fi;
}


# --- do all tests here ----------------------------------------------
#
# `$wholemail` contains the file name of the whole mail, as passed to
#   sendmail.
# `getBody` writes the body of the mail to stdout.
# `getHeader foo` writes one line for each value of a `foo:` header.
# `requested bar` fails if a `$myhdr` header contains `bar`.

# make a keyword search on the whole email, if it is not multipart.
requested 'attachment' &&
getHeader "Content-Type" | grep -vq multipart &&
grep -v '^>' "$wholemail" | grep -Eni 'attach|anhang|hängt|unten' &&
err "no multipart message, but hints to attachment.";

# reject emails greater than $maxsize bytes
maxsize='32768';
requested 'size' &&
test "$(stat -c%s "${wholemail}")" -gt "${maxsize}" &&
err "bigger then ${maxsize} bytes.";

# reject emails containing FIXME
requested 'fixme' &&
getBody | grep -n FIXME &&
err "FIXME keyword found.";

# reject emails with long lines
maxline=78;
requested 'longline' &&
test "$(getBody | grep -Ev '^>|/.*/' | wc -L)" -gt "$maxline" &&
err "lines longer than $maxline chars found.";

# count number of recipients
requested 'limit-to' &&
test "$(getHeader "To" | grep -o ',' | wc -l)" -gt 2 &&
err 'Too many recipients in the To field.';

requested 'limit-cc' &&
test "$(getHeader "Cc" | grep -o ',' | wc -l)" -gt 5 &&
err 'Too many recipients in the Cc field.';


# --- now send the mail ----------------------------------------------
#err 'debugging mode: not sending';

${sendmail} "$@" <"${wholemail}";

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