我正在尝试使用 pgfplots 绘制 3 个并排的图形。为此，我创建了 3 个带有 的小页面0.3\textwidth，以便它们之间有一点空间。
然后，在每个小页面中我绘制以下管子（这里作为 MWE，只包括一个管子）
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}
\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[%
name=plot2,
axis lines=middle, ticks=none,
width=\textwidth,
zmin=0, zmax=6,
xmin=-3, xmax=3,
ymin=-3, ymax=3,
xlabel={$X_1$}, ylabel={$X_2$}, zlabel={$t$},
title={TDSL}
]
\addplot3[%
opacity = 0.02,
fill opacity=0.5,
mesh/interior colormap name=hot,
surf,
colormap/hot,
faceted color=black,
z buffer = sort,
samples = 20,
variable = \u,
variable y = \v,
domain = 0:360,
y domain = 0:5,
]
({cos(u)}, {sin(u)}, {v});
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
按照规定，它width=\textwidth,应该占据整个宽度，但实际上并非如此。此外，标题“TDSL”在图形上方非常高，就像有很多空白使实际图形变小了一样。
我的问题是，如何使图形具有指定的宽度？
答案1
我认为您误解了@user121799（又名@marmot）。一切正常。为了说服您，我添加了轴背景颜色，并在下面的第一张图片中显示了结果，这是以下代码的结果。
当您确定不需要所有四个方向的空间（这些空间仍然在轴“框”中）时，您可以调整图bounding box的。结果如下图第二幅图所示。红色矩形仅用于调试目的，以显示调整后的边界框。有关需要做什么的详细信息，请查看代码中的注释。
正如您在第二张图片中看到的那样，“仅”调整边界框不会将放大到axis。\textwidth因此，您必须调整width值手动这样才能真正\textwidth使用完整值。我在代码中也对合适的值提出了注释建议。
% used PGFPlots v1.16
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{
% use this `compat` level or higher to position axis labels right
compat=1.8,
% for simplicity created a style of the original `axis` options
my axis style/.style={
width=\textwidth,
axis lines=middle,
ticks=none,
zmin=0, zmax=6,
xmin=-3, xmax=3,
ymin=-3, ymax=3,
xlabel={$X_1$}, ylabel={$X_2$}, zlabel={$t$},
title={TDSL},
% -----------------------------------------------------------------
% (added an axis background color for debugging purposes)
axis background/.style={
fill=blue!25,
opacity=0.5,
},
% -----------------------------------------------------------------
},
% for simplicity created a style for the `\addplot` command
my plot style/.style={
opacity=0.02,
fill opacity=0.5,
mesh/interior colormap name=hot,
surf,
faceted color=black,
z buffer=sort,
samples=20,
variable=\u,
variable y=\v,
domain=0:360,
y domain=0:5,
},
% a style to (almost) achieve what you want
my advanced axis style/.style={
my axis style,
% % because the `width` doesn't know about "correcting" the bounding box
% % you have to manually adjust the value to fit your needs (again)
% width=1.5\textwidth,
title style={
% move title above z-axis (arrow)
at={(axis top)},
% give the title node a name
% (which is later used to determine the bounding box of the plot)
name=axis title,
},
% define some helper coordinates to determine the needed/wanted bounding box
execute at end axis={
\coordinate (axis left) at (axis cs:\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/xmin},0,0);
\coordinate (axis right) at (axis cs:\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/xmax},0,0);
\coordinate (axis top) at (axis cs:0,0,\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/zmax});
%
\coordinate (axis bottom) at (axis cs:0,\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/ymin},0);
\coordinate (axis lower left) at (axis bottom -| axis left);
% % for the top coordinate we need to account for the title
% % unfortunately at this time the `(axis title)` coordinate is unavailable
% \coordinate (axis upper right) at (axis title.north -| axis right);
},
},
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[my axis style]
\addplot3 [my plot style] ({cos(u)}, {sin(u)}, {v});
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}
% don't calculate a bounding box yet
\begin{pgfinterruptboundingbox}
% use the modified/advanced axis style here
\begin{axis}[my advanced axis style]
\addplot3 [my plot style] ({cos(u)}, {sin(u)}, {v});
\end{axis}
\end{pgfinterruptboundingbox}
% -------------------------------------------------------------------------
% for debugging only
\draw [red] (axis lower left) rectangle (axis title.north -| axis right);
% -------------------------------------------------------------------------
% now we can set the bounding box using the helper coordinates
\useasboundingbox (axis lower left) rectangle (axis title.north -| axis right);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
第一页结果：
第二页结果：
