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垂直和水平拆分单元格

tag-icon • tag-icon tables tabularx multirow multicolumn cline
垂直和水平拆分单元格

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我是 Latex 的新手，我尝试重现一个表格（见上图）作为大学练习。我需要垂直和水平拆分单元格，如图所示。此外，我需要给表格添加标题。使用我的代码，我可以水平拆分行，但对于垂直拆分，我找不到适合我的解决方案。

\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}
  \hline 
  \multicolumn{2}{|l|}{learning process}  & learning tools & search space  \\
  \hline
  \multicolumn{2}{|l|}{feature engineering}  & (subsequent) classifiers & feature sets   \\
  \cline{3-3} 
  \multicolumn{2}{|l|}{}  &    & feature enhancing methods and their hyper-parameters   \\
  \hline
  \multicolumn{2}{|l|}{model selection}  & classifiers & classifiers and their hyper-parameters   \\
  \hline
  \multicolumn{2}{|l|}{optimization algorithm selection}  & classifiers & algorithms and their hyper-parameters   \\
  \hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{\label{tab:table-name}Caption}
\end{document}

编辑：这是我所掌握的有关我的文档类型的信息：

%\documentclass[headsepline,footsepline,footinclude=false,fontsize=11pt,paper=a4,listof=totoc,bibliography=totoc,BCOR=12mm,DIV=12]{scrbook} % two-sided % original source stated: BCOR=12mm,DIV=12 \documentclass[headsepline,footsepline,footinclude=false,oneside,fontsize=11pt,paper=a4,listof=totoc,bibliography=totoc,DIV=12]{scrbook} % one-sided

答案1

看看以下解决方案是否能提供您想要获得的内容：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[margin=20mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{multirow}
\newcommand\mcl[1]{\multicolumn{2}{|l|}{#1}}

\begin{document}
    \begin{table}
    \footnotesize
    \sffamily
    \renewcommand\arraystretch{1.2}
      \centering
\begin{tabular}{|*{4}{l|}}
  \hline
\mcl{\textbf{learning process}}      
    &   \textbf{learning tools}            
        &   \textbf{search space}       \\
  \hline
\mcl{\multirow{2}{*}{feature engineering}}  
        & \multirow{2}{*}{(subsequent) classifiers}
            & feature sets              \\
  \cline{4-4}
\mcl{}  
        &   & feature enhancing methods and their hyper-parameters   \\
  \hline
\mcl{model selection}  
        & classifiers
            & classifiers and their hyper-parameters   \\
  \hline
\mcl{optimization algorithm selection}  
        & classifiers
            & algorithms and their hyper-parameters   \\
  \hline
\multirow{2}{12mm}{full scope}
    &   general
        & classifiers
            &   xxx \\
  \cline{2-4}
    &   neural arcitecture search (NAS)
        &   neural networks
            &   networtk structure              \\     
  \hline
\end{tabular}
    \caption{Caption}
\label{tab:table-name}
    \end{table}
\end{document}

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附录： 表格使用tabularx表格环境，可在单元格中启用多行文本：

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\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{multirow, tabularx}
\newcolumntype{L}{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}X}
\newcommand\mcl[1]{\multicolumn{2}{|l|}{#1}}

\begin{document}
    \begin{table}
\renewcommand\tabularxcolumn[1]{m{#1}}
    \sffamily
    \renewcommand\arraystretch{1.2}
    \centering
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{|l
                             |l
                             |>{\hsize=0.6\hsize}L
                             |>{\hsize=1.4\hsize}L|}
  \hline
\mcl{\textbf{learning process}}      
    &   \textbf{learning tools}            
        &   \textbf{search space}       \\
  \hline
\mcl{\multirow{3}{*}{feature engineering}}  
        & \multirow{3}{=}{(subsequent) classifiers}
            & feature sets              \\
  \cline{4-4}
\mcl{}  
        &   & feature enhancing methods and their hyper-parameters   \\
  \hline
\mcl{model selection}  
        & classifiers
            & classifiers and their hyper-parameters   \\
  \hline
\mcl{optimization algorithm selection}  
        & classifiers
            & algorithms and their hyper-parameters   \\
  \hline
\multirow{2}{8mm}{full scope}
    &   general
        & classifiers
            &   xxx \\
  \cline{2-4}
    &   neural arcitecture search (NAS)
        &   neural networks
            &   networtk structure              \\     
  \hline
\end{tabularx}
    \caption{Caption}
\label{tab:table-name}
    \end{table}
\end{document}

答案2

类似于中的解决方案@Zarko 的回答，不同之处在于（a）它使用一个sidewaystable环境而不是一个table环境，因为表格非常宽，如果以横向格式排版则更适合页面（对于纵向格式，需要小而难以阅读的字体大小\footnotesize），并且（b）使用长度参数的非零值\extrarowheight以获得更开放的表格“外观”。

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\documentclass{article} % or some other suitable document class
\usepackage[a4paper,margin=2cm]{geometry} % set page parameters appropriately
\usepackage{rotating} % for 'sidewaystable' environment
\usepackage{array}    % for '\extrarowheight' macro
\usepackage{multirow} % for '\multirow' macro

\begin{document}
\renewcommand\familydefault\sfdefault % optional: switch to sans-serif (globally)

\begin{sidewaystable} % 'table' in landscape mode
\setlength\extrarowheight{2pt} % for a more open 'look'

\centering

\begin{tabular}{|*{4}{l|}}
\hline 
\multicolumn{2}{|l|}{\bfseries learning process}  
   & \bfseries learning tools & \bfseries search space  \\
\hline
\multicolumn{2}{|l|}{\multirow{2}{*}{feature engineering}}  
   & \multirow{2}{*}{(subsequent) classifiers} & feature sets \\
  \cline{4-4} 
\multicolumn{2}{|l|}{}  
   & & feature enhancing methods and their hyper-parameters \\
\hline
\multicolumn{2}{|l|}{model selection}  
   & classifiers & classifiers and their hyper-parameters   \\
\hline
\multicolumn{2}{|l|}{optimization algorithm selection}  
   & classifiers & algorithms and their hyper-parameters\\
\hline
\multirow{2}{*}{full scope} & general 
   & classifiers & a union of search space in feature, model, and/or algorithm \\
\cline{2-4}
   & neural architecture search (NAS) & neural networks & network structures \\
\hline  
\end{tabular}
\caption{Caption}\label{tab:table-name}
\end{sidewaystable}
\end{document}

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