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流程图和折线

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf formatting
流程图和折线

我想改进以下代码：我的问题在屏幕截图中有所解释。

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows,calc}


\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}

% Source: http://www.texample.net/tikz/examples/simple-flow-chart/


% Define block styles
\tikzstyle{decision} = [diamond, draw, fill=green!20, 
    text width=5.5em, text badly centered, node distance=2.5cm, inner sep=0pt]
\tikzstyle{block} = [rectangle, draw, fill=blue!20, 
    text width=5.5em, text centered, node distance=2.5cm, rounded corners, minimum height=2em]
\tikzstyle{loop} = [rectangle, draw, fill=green!20, 
    text width=5.5em, text centered, node distance=2.5cm, rounded corners, minimum height=2em]
\tikzstyle{line} = [draw, -latex']
\tikzstyle{cloud} = [draw, ellipse,fill=red!20, node distance=2.5cm,
    text width=6.5em, text centered, minimum height=2em]


\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance = 2cm, auto]
    % Place nodes
    \node [cloud] (input) {$(n ; x) \in N \times R$};
    \node [block, below of=input] (affect1) {$u \leftarrow x$}; 
    \node [loop, below of=affect1] (whileinit) {$i \leftarrow 1$};
    \node [decision, below of=whileinit] (whiletest) {$i \leq n$}; 
    \node [block, below of=whiletest] (affect2) {$u \leftarrow A_1(u)$};
    \node [loop, left of=affect2] (whilenext) {$i \leftarrow i + 1$};
    \node [cloud, below of=affect2] (output) {$u$};

    \path[line] (input) -- (affect1);
    \path[line] (affect1) -- (whileinit);
    \path[line] (whileinit) -- (whiletest);
    \path[line] (whiletest) -- node {oui} (affect2);
    \path[line] (affect2) -- (whilenext);
    \path[line] (whilenext) |- (whiletest);
    \path[line] (whiletest.east) -| node {non} ($(whiletest)!.7!(output.east)$) -| (output.north);%  (output);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

答案1

您的问题可以通过以下方式解决

  1. 加载和使用positioning库和
  2. 改变non路径。

第一点意味着例如below of=需要去below=<distance> of。距离可以省略，在这种情况下node distance使用值。至于第二点，我使用了

\path[line] (whiletest.east) -- ++ (2cm,0) node[right] {non} |-
    ([yshift=-5mm]affect2.south) -- (output.north);

其中2cm控制距离，您可以根据自己的喜好进行调整。此外，我\tikzstyle用相应的\tikzset语法替换了它。

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows,calc,positioning}


\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}

% Source: http://www.texample.net/tikz/examples/simple-flow-chart/


% Define block styles
\tikzset{decision/.style={diamond, draw, fill=green!20, 
    text width=5.5em, text badly centered, node distance=2.5cm, inner sep=0pt},
block/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=blue!20, 
    text width=5.5em, text centered, node distance=2.5cm, rounded corners, minimum height=2em},
loop/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=green!20, 
    text width=5.5em, text centered, node distance=2.5cm, rounded corners, minimum height=2em},
line/.style={draw, -latex'},
cloud/.style={draw, ellipse,fill=red!20, node distance=2.5cm,
    text width=6.5em, text centered, minimum height=2em}}


\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance = 1cm and 0.8cm, auto]
    % Place nodes
    \node [cloud] (input) {$(n ; x) \in N \times R$};
    \node [block, below=of input] (affect1) {$u \leftarrow x$}; 
    \node [loop, below=of affect1] (whileinit) {$i \leftarrow 1$};
    \node [decision, below=of whileinit] (whiletest) {$i \leq n$}; 
    \node [block, below=of whiletest] (affect2) {$u \leftarrow A_1(u)$};
    \node [loop, left=of affect2] (whilenext) {$i \leftarrow i + 1$};
    \node [cloud, below=of affect2] (output) {$u$};

    \path[line] (input) -- (affect1);
    \path[line] (affect1) -- (whileinit);
    \path[line] (whileinit) -- (whiletest);
    \path[line] (whiletest) -- node {oui} (affect2);
    \path[line] (affect2) -- (whilenext);
    \path[line] (whilenext) |- (whiletest);
    \path[line] (whiletest.east) -- ++ (2cm,0) node[right] {non} |-
    ([yshift=-5mm]affect2.south) -- (output.north);%  (output);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

这里有一种方法：

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows,calc}


\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}

% Source: http://www.texample.net/tikz/examples/simple-flow-chart/


% Define block styles
\tikzstyle{decision} = [diamond, draw, fill=green!20, 
    text width=5.5em, text badly centered, node distance=2.5cm, inner sep=0pt]
\tikzstyle{block} = [rectangle, draw, fill=blue!20, 
    text width=5.5em, text centered, node distance=2.5cm, rounded corners, minimum height=2em]
\tikzstyle{loop} = [rectangle, draw, fill=green!20, 
    text width=5.5em, text centered, node distance=2.5cm, rounded corners, minimum height=2em]
\tikzstyle{line} = [draw, -latex']
\tikzstyle{cloud} = [draw, ellipse,fill=red!20, node distance=2.5cm,
    text width=6.5em, text centered, minimum height=2em]


\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance = 2cm, auto]
    % Place nodes
    \node [cloud] (input) {$(n ; x) \in N \times R$};
    \node [block, below of=input] (affect1) {$u \leftarrow x$}; 
    \node [loop, below of=affect1] (whileinit) {$i \leftarrow 1$};
    \node [decision, below of=whileinit] (whiletest) {$i \leq n$}; 
    \node [block, below of=whiletest] (affect2) {$u \leftarrow A_1(u)$};
    \node [loop,left] at ($(affect2)+(-3,0)$) (whilenext) {$i \leftarrow i + 1$};
    \node [cloud, below of=affect2] (output) {$u$};

    \path[line] (input) -- (affect1);
    \path[line] (affect1) -- (whileinit);
    \path[line] (whileinit) -- (whiletest);
    \path[line] (whiletest) -- node {oui} (affect2);
    \path[line] (affect2) -- (whilenext);
    \path[line] (whilenext) |- (whiletest);
    \path[line] (whiletest.east) -| node {non} ($(whiletest)!.7!($(output.east)+(3,0)$)$) -| (output.north);%  (output);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

(-3,0)我只是使用了你的代码，并通过在你给定的位置添加或改进了请求的内容(3,0)。我认为这很容易学习，并且可以为你提供更大的灵活性，而不是以我的方式从头开始创建代码，而不是只向你介绍这个简单的东西。

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