醋酸盐的共振结构

醋酸盐的共振结构

我需要绘制一个方案来显示乙酸根离子通过共振而稳定,我快要疯了 :-( 我不久前开始使用 chemfig,看来我需要更多的练习!与此同时,有人能帮我解决这个问题吗?我想要这样的东西在此处输入图片描述

但是我添加第一个箭头就已经失败了 :-(

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{chemfig}
\begin{document}
\schemestart
\chemfig{R-C(=[1]{@{a1}\lewis{2:0:,O}})[@{db}](-[7]{\lewis{0:4:6:,{\chemabove{O}{\scriptstyle\hspace{3mm}\ominus}}}})}
\arrow{<->}
\chemfig{R-C(=[1]{\lewis{2:0:,O}})(-[7]{\lewis{0:4:6:,{\chemabove{O}{\scriptstyle\hspace{3mm}\ominus}}}})}
\arrow{<->}
\chemfig{R-C(=[1]{\lewis{2:0:,O}})(-[7]{\lewis{0:4:6:,{\chemabove{O}{\scriptstyle\hspace{3mm}\ominus}}}})}
\schemestop
\chemmove{\draw(db).. controls +(100:5mm) and +(145:5mm).. (a1);}
\end{document}

答案1

大概是这样的?

醋酸盐共振结构

\documentclass[
    crop,
    border=5,
    tikz=true,
    multi={page},
    12pt
]{standalone}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{chemmacros}
\chemsetup{
    modules = all,
}
\usepackage{chemfig}
    \setchemfig{
        angle increment = 15,
        atom sep = \bndlen,
        bond offset = 0.5pt,
        double bond sep = 3pt,
        compound sep = 5.0em,
        arrow coeff = 1,
        arrow offset = 12pt,
        scheme debug = false,
        bond join = true,
        chemfig style={line width=\lnwidth},
        arrow style={line width=\lnwidth},
    }

\newcommand{\bndlen}{2.0em}
\newcommand{\lnwidth}{0.7pt}

\begin{document}

\begin{page}
\schemestart
    \chemleft{[}
    \subscheme{
        \chemfig{
            CH_3
            -C
            (-[::-45]\lewis{1:5:7:,O}\rlap{\color{purple}{${\ }^-$}})
            =[@{b1}::45]@{o1}\lewis{1:3:,O}
        }
        \arrow{<->}
        \chemfig{
            CH_3
            -C\rlap{\color{teal}{${}^+$}}
            (-[@{b2}::-45]\lewis{1:5:7:,O}@{o2}\rlap{\color{purple}{${\ }^-$}})
            -[::45]\lewis{1:3:7:,O}\rlap{\color{purple}{${\ }^-$}}
        }
        \arrow{<->}
        \chemfig{
            CH_3
            -C
            (=[::-45]\lewis{5:7:,O})
            -[::45]\lewis{1:3:7:,O}\rlap{\color{purple}{${\ }^-$}}
        }
        \chemmove{
            \draw[shorten <=3pt,shorten >=1pt,purple](b1)..controls +(-15:10mm) and +(-30:5mm)..(o1);
            \draw[shorten <=3pt,shorten >=1pt,purple](o2)..controls +(90:5mm) and +(45:5mm)..(b2);
        }
    }
    \chemright{]}
\schemestop
\end{page}

\end{document}

此外,如果您追求完美的复制品,请注意插图中使用的字体系列很可能是专有的新巴斯克维尔 ITC。要使用它,您必须获取字体或使用免费替代品LaTeX 字体目录;此时使用 XeLaTeX 进行编译会更容易。

答案2

以下是第一步反应的两种可能版本,箭头有两种变体。但确切的参数可能仍需要进行一些微调。

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{chemfig}
\begin{document}
\schemestart
\chemfig{R-C(=[@{db}1]{@{a1}\lewis{2:0:,O}})(-[7]{\lewis{0:4:6:,{\chemabove{O}{\scriptstyle\hspace{3mm}\ominus}}}})}
\schemestop
\chemmove{\draw(db).. controls +(100:5mm) and +(145:5mm).. (a1);}

\vspace{1.5cm}

\schemestart
\chemfig{R-C(=[@{db}1]{@{a1}\lewis{2:0:,O}})(-[7]{\lewis{0:4:6:,{\chemabove{O}{\scriptstyle\hspace{3mm}\ominus}}}})}
\schemestop
\chemmove{\draw[shorten <=4pt,shorten >=4pt](db).. controls +(10:5mm) and +(-10:10mm).. (a1);}
\end{document}

配色:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{chemfig}
\begin{document}
\schemestart
\chemfig{R-C(=[@{db}1]{@{a1}\lewis{2:0:,O}})(-[7]{\lewis{0:4:6:,{\chemabove{O}{\scriptstyle\hspace{3mm}\color{red}\ominus}}}})}
\schemestop
\chemmove{\draw[shorten <=4pt,shorten >=4pt, color=red](db).. controls +(10:5mm) and +(-10:10mm).. (a1);}
\end{document}

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