我目前正在完成我的学士论文，并使用 Latex 和 TikZ。尽管我提出了一些 TikZ 问题，这些问题确实有助于我的理解，但我还是被这个问题难住了。
我甚至无法画出漂亮的矩形，我不知道是不是因为我对 tikz 完全陌生，或者是我已经两个多星期没有使用 tikz 了，或者两者兼而有之。
如能得到帮助将非常感激！
这是我的可怜代码，它甚至无法编译:(
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows, positioning, quotes}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, positioning, decorations.markings}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
% Block Definition
[block/.style={draw,minimum width=#1,minimum height=2em},
block/.default=10em,high/.style={minimum height=3em},auto,
node distance=10mm, % initially 1cm
>=Stealth]
%node distance=5em,auto]
% Nodes
\node (n0) {Input u};
\node[block, high, right=2cm of n0] (n1) {System};
\node[block, high, below = of n1] (n2) {Model};
\node (n3) {Input Z}
\node (n4) {Summation}
\node (n5) {Intersection}
% Connections
\draw[->] (n0) -- (n1);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案1
这是你可以开始的东西。有更简单的方法可以做到这一点，但对于初学者，我喜欢像在这个例子中那样把事情说清楚。我没有添加任何解释，这是我给你的练习，我也省略了很多文字，从代码中的几个例子中应该可以明显看出如何添加这些文字
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows, positioning, quotes}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, positioning, decorations.markings}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
[
block/.style={draw,minimum width=#1,minimum height=2em},
block/.default=10em,high/.style={minimum height=3em},auto,
node distance=10mm, % initially 1cm
>=Stealth]
\node[block, high,] (n1) at (0,0) {System};
\node[block, high, below =2cm of n1] (n2) {Model};
\coordinate (a) at ($(n1.west)+(-2,0)$);
\draw[->] (a) -- (n1)
coordinate[pos=0.4] (b)
;
\fill (b) circle (2pt);
\draw[->] (b) |- ($(n2.north west)!2/3!(n2.south west)$);
\coordinate (c1) at ($(n1.east)+(1,0)$);
\node[draw,circle, minimum width=4mm, inner sep=0pt] (C1) at (c1) {};
\draw[->] (n1) -- (C1);
\coordinate (d) at ($(C1.east)+(3.5,0)$);
\draw[->] (C1) -- (d)
coordinate[pos=0.3] (e)
coordinate[pos=0.6] (f)
;
\fill (e) circle (2pt);
\fill (f) circle (2pt);
\coordinate (g) at ($(C1.north)+(0,1)$);
\draw[->] (g) -- (C1)
node[pos=0.2,right] {$Z\dots$}
;
\coordinate (c2) at ($(f)+(0,-1.5em-1cm)$);
\node[draw,circle, minimum width=4mm, inner sep=0pt] (C2) at (c2) {};
\draw[->] (f) -- (C2);
\draw[->] (C2) -- ++(1.5,0)
node[right] {$e\dots$};
\draw[->]
(e) -- (e |- C2)
-- (n2.north west |- C2)
-- ++(-0.5,0)
|-
($(n2.north west)!1/3!(n2.south west)$);
;
\coordinate (g) at (d |- n2.east);
\draw[->] (n2) -- (g);
\coordinate (h) at (C2.center |- g);
\fill (h) circle (2pt);
\draw[->] (h) -- (C2);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案2
使用相对坐标，为 和box节点定义样式：dotsum
\documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
calc,
positioning,
quotes,
decorations.markings}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[auto,
node distance = 12mm and 9mm,
box/.style = {draw, minimum width=22mm, minimum height=7mm},
dot/.style = {circle, fill, minimum size=4pt, inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt,
node contents={} },
sum/.style = {circle, draw, minimum size=8pt, inner sep=0pt, outer sep= 0pt,
node contents={}},
> = Stealth,
every edge/.style = {draw, ->}
]
% Nodes
\coordinate (in);
\node (n1) [dot, right=of in];
\node (n2) [box, right=of n1] {System};
\node (n3) [sum, right=of n2];
\node (n4) [dot, right=of n3];
\node (n5) [dot, right=of n4];
\coordinate[right=of n5] (out1);
%
\node (n6) [box, below=of n2] {Model};
\node (n7) [dot, at={(n6 -| n5)}];
\coordinate[right=of n7] (out3);
\node (n8) [sum, at={($(n5)!0.5!(n7)$)}];
\coordinate[right=of n8] (out2);
% Connections
\draw (in) edge ["${u[k]}$"] (n1)
(n1) edge (n2)
(n2) edge (n3)
(n3) -- (n5) edge["${y[k]}$"] (out1);
\draw[<-] (n3.north)
to["${\mathcal{Z}^{-1}\Bigl\{\frac{v}{A(z)}\Bigr\}[k]}$" '] ++
(0,1.1);
%
\draw[->] (n1) |- ([yshift=-1mm] n6.west);
\draw[->] (n4) -- (n4 |- n8) -| ([shift={(-5mm,1mm)}] n6.west)
-- ([yshift=1mm] n6.west) ;
%
\draw (n5) edge (n8)
(n8) edge ["${e[k]}$"] (out2)
(n7) edge [pos=0.9,"$-$"] (n8)
(n6) -- (n7) edge ["${\hat{y}[k]}$" '] (out3);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}