将表格置于页面中央
我有一些使用外部文本文件生成的表格。有很多不同的表格，但它们都有一些相同的要求。
- 它们需要延伸到页边距。
- 表格需要多个标题行。此示例显示一个标题行，该行占据全部 14 列。该行需要为彩色背景上的白色文本。
- 各行需要交替颜色。
- 有一行或多行需要根据需要拉伸/加宽。
我快完成了，但是还存在一些问题：
- 表格不尊重
- 标题行未延伸至表格的整个长度。渲染时，标题行的两侧略短。
- 为什么第一行以 0 开头？
- 当 emacs 重新缩进文件时，我得到了下面的内容。这让我认为我缺少了一些语法。
这是上述内容的源代码，以及我在渲染时看到的屏幕截图。
\documentclass[10pt]{article}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage[letterpaper, inner=18mm, outer=18mm, top=25mm, bottom=25mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\begin{filecontents}{data.csv}
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
\end{filecontents}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\pgfplotstabletypeset[col sep=comma, string type, column type=,
begin table={\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{Xccccccccccccc}},
end table={\end{tabularx}},
every head row/.style={
before row={
\multicolumn{14}{l}{\colorbox{black}{\parbox{\textwidth}{\textcolor{white}{Here is a very long and wordy title}}}}\\
}
},
every even row/.style={before row = {\rowcolor[gray]{0.9}}},
font=\footnotesize
]{data.csv}
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案1
使用合适的标题框尺寸（您需要从文本宽度中删除外部填充）。同时使用所有X列。
\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.csv}
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
\end{filecontents*}
\documentclass[10pt]{article}
\usepackage[letterpaper, inner=18mm, outer=18mm, top=25mm, bottom=25mm]{geometry}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
\usepackage{lipsum} % for a very long title
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[!htp]
\centering
\pgfplotstabletypeset[
col sep=comma,
string type,
column type=,
begin table={
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{*{14}{X}}
},
end table={\end{tabularx}},
every head row/.style={
before row={%
\multicolumn{14}{@{}c@{}}{%
\colorbox{black}{%
\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep}{%
\textcolor{white}{Here is a very long and wordy title}%
}%
}%
}\\
},
},
every even row/.style={before row = {\rowcolor[gray]{0.9}}},
font=\footnotesize
]{\jobname.csv}
\end{table}
\begin{table}[!htp]
\centering
\pgfplotstabletypeset[
col sep=comma,
string type,
column type=,
begin table={
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{*{14}{X}}
},
end table={\end{tabularx}},
every head row/.style={
before row={%
\multicolumn{14}{@{}c@{}}{%
\colorbox{black}{%
\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep}{%
\textcolor{white}{\lipsum[2]}%
}%
}%
}\\
},
},
every even row/.style={before row = {\rowcolor[gray]{0.9}}},
font=\footnotesize
]{\jobname.csv}
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案2
在这种情况下，标题很容易容纳，因此不需要\parbox。但是，如果标题太长，您可以测量不带标题的宽度并使用它。
\documentclass[10pt]{article}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage[letterpaper, inner=18mm, outer=18mm, top=25mm, bottom=25mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\usepackage{blindtext}% MWE only
\begin{filecontents}{data.csv}
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
\end{filecontents}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[h]
\sbox0{% measure width without title
\pgfplotstabletypeset[col sep=comma, string type,
every head row/.style={output empty row},
every even row/.style={before row = {\rowcolor[gray]{0.9}}},
font=\footnotesize
]{data.csv}%
}% end of savebox
\centering
\pgfplotstabletypeset[col sep=comma, string type,
every head row/.style={output empty row,
before row={
\multicolumn{14}{c}{\colorbox{black}{\parbox{\dimexpr\wd0-2\tabcolsep}{\textcolor{white}{\blindtext}}}}\\
}
},
every even row/.style={before row = {\rowcolor[gray]{0.9}}},
font=\footnotesize
]{data.csv}
\end{table}
\end{document}
