编辑：
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我的表格代码是：
{\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
\tabcolsep=1.0\tabcolsep
\begin{table}[t!]\small
\caption{Tests of Hypotheses\textsuperscript{1}}
\label{t31}
\begin{tabular}{lL{60mm}S{18mm}
S{25mm}S{20mm}S{12mm}}\hline
&Tested Hypothesis &
Maintained Hypothesis&
Assigned Level of Significance
& Number of Restrictions
&$p$-value \\ \hline
%
I. &Maintained Hypotheses of the
Meta-production Function Approach
& & && \\ \hline
&Single Meta-Production Function
\& Commodity Augmentation
& Unrestricted & 0.01 & 50 & 1.00002
\\ \hline
II. &Traditionally Maintained Hypotheses &&&&\\ \hline
&(1a) Homogeneity
%
&I&0.005&3&.00000\\\hline
&(1b) Constant Returns to Scale & I+II(1a) & 0.005 & 1 & .21595 \\ \hline
&(2) Neutrality &I&0.01&42&.00115 \\\hline
&(3) Profit Maximization &I&0.01& 35 & .00000 \\ \hline
%
III. &Hypotheses on Intangible Inputs&&&& \\ \hline
&(1) No Human Capital Effect & I & 0.01 & 4 & .00000 \\ \hline
&(2) No Technical Progress &
I & 0.01 & 56 & .00000 \\ \hline
%
IV. &Hypotheses on Augmentation Levels
& & & & \\ \hline
&(1) Identical Augmentation
Levels for Tangible Capital
&I& 0.005 & 6 & .13854 \\ \hline
&(2) Identical Augmentation Levels for Labor
&I & 0.005 & 6 & .94335 \\ \hline
& (3) Identical Augmentation Levels for Human Capital
&I & 0.005 & 6 & .54661 \\ \hline
%
V. &Hypotheses on Augmentation Rates
&&&& \\ \hline
&(1) Purely Output-Augmenting\textsuperscript{3}
&I & 0.01 & 42 & .00115 \\ \hline
&(2) Purely Tangible Capital-Augmenting& I& 0.005 & 42 & .01659 \\ \hline
&(3) Purely Labor-Augmenting & I & 0.005 & 42 & .00277 \\ \hline
&(4) Purely Human Capital-Augmenting& I & 0.005 & 42 & .15363 \\ \hline
%
VI. &Test of No Oil Price Effect (1974-1985) & I & 0.01 & 28 & .01255 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}\medskip
\raggedright
{\small Notes:}
\begin{enumerate}[itemsep=0pt,
before={\fontsize{9pt}{9pt}\selectfont},label=\arabic*]
\item The variance-covariance matrix is updated successively at the non-identical production function and identical production function and commodity-augmentation stages and fixed thereafter.
\item Due to rounding.
\item The test for the hypothesis of purely output-augmenting technical progress is identical with the test for that of neutrality.
\end{enumerate}
\end{table}
}
由于某种原因，输出如下所示：
为什么会这样呢？
谢谢你！
答案1
（在 OP 发布了看似文档序言的内容后，我完全重写了答案。）
你写了，
由于某种原因，输出看起来像[这个]...为什么会这样？
看起来您的文档的序言包含定义名为的列类型的代码S；具体来说，此定义似乎用于表格的构造。然后，最近，您似乎开始加载包siunitx。现在碰巧的是siunitx包还定义一个名为 的列类型S。此外，考虑到序言中的加载顺序，列类型siunitx的版本S会覆盖您的定义。这就是表的输出不再符合您的要求的直接原因。
顺便说一句，您发布的表格截图只能通过告诉 LaTeX 忽略所有错误和警告消息并继续编译来生成。如果您仔细查看日志文件，就会发现 LaTeX 在列S类型上遇到了问题。
假设您希望继续使用该siunitx包 - 毕竟，您开始加载它是有原因的，对吧？ - 我建议您选择与S您希望在表中使用的列类型不同的字母。