如何在一个“图形”中放置跨两行的 7 幅图像？

Question

这是我的代码：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx} 
\usepackage{subfig}
\begin{document}

\begin{figure}[htbp]
  \subfloat[Distribution of herring in 2018]{
    \begin{minipage}[c][1\width]{
       0.2\textwidth}
      % \centering
       \includegraphics[width=3cm,height=3cm]{hp2018.png}
    \end{minipage}}
 \hfill     
  \subfloat[Distribution of herring in 2019]{
    \begin{minipage}[c][1\width]{
       0.2\textwidth}
     %  \centering
       \includegraphics[width=3cm,height=3cm]{hp2019.png}
    \end{minipage}}
 \hfill 
  \subfloat[Distribution of herring in 2020]{
    \begin{minipage}[c][1\width]{
       0.2\textwidth}
    %   \centering
       \includegraphics[width=3cm,height=3cm]{hp2020.png}
    \end{minipage}}
 \hfill
\subfloat[Distribution of herring in 2021]{
    \begin{minipage}[c][1\width]{
       0.2\textwidth}
      % \centering
       \includegraphics[width=3cm,height=3cm]{hp2021.png}
    \end{minipage}}
\hfill  
  \subfloat[Distribution of mackere in 2016]{
    \begin{minipage}[c][1\width]{
       0.2\textwidth}
      % \centering
       \includegraphics[width=3cm,height=3cm]{mp2018.png}
    \end{minipage}}
 \hfill 
  \subfloat[Distribution of mackere in 2019]{
    \begin{minipage}[c][1\width]{
       0.2\textwidth}
    %   \centering
       \includegraphics[width=3cm,height=3cm]{mp2019.png}
    \end{minipage}}
 \hfill
\subfloat[Distribution of mackere in 2020]{
    \begin{minipage}[][1\width]{
       0.2\textwidth}
     %  \centering
       \includegraphics[width=3cm,height=3cm]{mp2020.png}
    \end{minipage}}
\caption{Predicter distribution of herring and mackere in 2018-2021}\label{18-21}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

第二行的图形没有居中，如何让它们集中到一起或者让它们位于第一行图形的正下方？

Answer 1

如果您希望第二行中的子图在第一行中的子图下方对齐，请不要使用\hfill作为分隔符。如果您0.22\textwidth为子图分配相对宽度，那么0.04\texwidth第一行中的三个空白实例中的每一个都会留下；因此，\hfill用替换hspace*{0.04\textwidth}，您就大功告成了。（4*0.22+3*0.04=1。）

不过，请在前四个子图后留一个空行，以强制 LaTeX 插入显式换行符。我进一步建议您不要在 的参数中为图像指定固定的宽度和高度\includegraphics。相反，使用相对尺寸例如\textwidth。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[demo]{graphicx} % remove 'demo' option in real document
\usepackage{subfig}

\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
  \subfloat[Distribution of herring in 2018]{%
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\textwidth}
       \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{hp2018}
    \end{minipage}}
  \hspace*{0.04\textwidth}% 
  \subfloat[Distribution of herring in 2019]{%
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\textwidth}
       \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{hp2019}
    \end{minipage}}
  \hspace*{0.04\textwidth}%
  \subfloat[Distribution of herring in 2020]{%
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\textwidth}
       \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{hp2020}
    \end{minipage}}
  \hspace*{0.04\textwidth}%
\subfloat[Distribution of herring in 2021]{%
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\textwidth}
       \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{hp2021}
    \end{minipage}}
% Insert a blank line to force a line break:

  \subfloat[Distribution of mackerel in 2016]{%
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\textwidth}
       \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{mp2018}
    \end{minipage}}
  \hspace*{0.04\textwidth}%
  \subfloat[Distribution of mackerel in 2019]{%
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\textwidth}
       \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{mp2019}
    \end{minipage}}
  \hspace*{0.04\textwidth}%
  \subfloat[Distribution of mackerel in 2020]{%
    \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\textwidth}
       \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{mp2020}
    \end{minipage}}

\caption{Predictor distribution of herring and mackerel in 2018--2021}\label{18-21}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

Answer 2

我将使用包subfigure中定义的环境subcaption，删除minipages 和subfloats：

编辑： 对于图像宽度，现在考虑@Mico 在其评论中的建议。\setkeys{Gin}{width=\linewidth}选择适当的subfigures 宽度后，图形将保持在文本宽度内。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[demo]{graphicx}
\usepackage[font=small]{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}

\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\setkeys{Gin}{width=\linewidth}   
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.22\textwidth}
\includegraphics{hp2018.png}
\caption{Distribution of herring in 2018}
    \end{subfigure}
\hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.22\textwidth}
\includegraphics{hp2019.png}
\caption{Distribution of herring in 2019}
    \end{subfigure}
\hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.22\textwidth}
\includegraphics{hp2020.png}
\caption{Distribution of herring in 2020}
    \end{subfigure}
\hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.22\textwidth}
\includegraphics{hp2021.png}
\caption{Distribution of herring in 2021}
    \end{subfigure}

\medskip
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.22\textwidth}
\includegraphics{mp2018.png}
\caption{Distribution of mackere in 2016}
    \end{subfigure}
 \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.22\textwidth}
\includegraphics{mp2019.png}
\caption{Distribution of mackere in 2019}
    \end{subfigure}
 \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.22\textwidth}
\includegraphics{mp2020.png}
\caption{Distribution of mackere in 2020}
    \end{subfigure}

\caption{Predicter distribution of herring and mackere in 2018-2021}\label{18-21}
\end{figure}
\end{document}